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Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry

Subject code 304 · domain paperWhere this paper leads
546
programmes strictly require Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry
118
universities among them

Each of those rules names Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry outright — no combination of the other papers reaches them. That is the whole case for spending one of five slots on it.

The paper at a glance

Biology carries the subject code 304. The syllabus described here is the one published for 2026-27.

NTA's full label for the paper is Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry: one syllabus serves all four programme names. It is a short document: a cover page and two pages of text.

How the syllabus is organised

The document is laid out in five units, numbered Unit-VI to Unit-X. The odd-looking numbering is deliberate: it follows the NCERT Class 11-12 sequence, in which Units I to V are Class 11 and Units VI to X are Class 12. Only the Class 12 half appears here, so there are no Units I to V to look for.

Each unit is split into two or three numbered chapters, and each chapter is a semicolon-separated list of topics, closely tracking the NCERT Class 12 textbook.

The syllabus itself is a list of topics only. It does not print question counts, marks, negative marking or timing, and it does not say how many questions come from each unit. Read it alongside the exam pattern.

Units VI and VII: reproduction, genetics and evolution

These are the two largest units, and Genetics and Evolution is the most detailed passage in the document, naming individual disorders, experiments and evidences.

UnitWhat it covers
Unit-VI: ReproductionSexual reproduction in flowering plants — pre-fertilisation structure and events (stamen, microsporangium, pollen grain, pistil, megasporangium, embryo sac), microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis, pollination types, agents and examples, outbreeding devices, pollen-pistil interaction, double fertilisation, post-fertilisation development of endosperm and embryo, formation of seed and fruit, parthenocarpy, significance of seed, apomixis and polyembryony; human reproduction — male and female reproductive systems, microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary, spermatogenesis and oogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilisation, embryo development up to blastocyst, implantation, pregnancy, embryonic development and placenta, parturition and lactation; reproductive health — amniocentesis, population stabilisation and contraception, medical termination of pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, infertility and assisted reproductive technologies (IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, ICSI and IUI)
Unit-VII: Genetics and EvolutionPrinciples of inheritance and variation — Mendel's laws, inheritance of one gene (dominance, segregation, test and back cross), incomplete dominance and co-dominance, multiple alleles and blood groups, inheritance of two genes and the dihybrid cross, chromosomal theory, linkage and recombination, polygenic inheritance, pleiotropy, sex determination in humans, birds and honey bee, mutation, pedigree analysis, Mendelian disorders (colour blindness, haemophilia, sickle-cell anaemia, phenylketonuria, thalassemia), chromosomal disorders (aneuploidy, polyploidy, Down's, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes); molecular basis of inheritance — DNA structure and packaging, search for genetic material (transforming principle, Hershey-Chase), properties of genetic material, replication (Meselson and Stahl), transcription, types of RNA, genetic code and mutations, tRNA, translation, lac operon, Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting (polymorphism and VNTR); evolution — origin of life and Miller's experiment, Darwin's contribution, evidences for evolution (embryology, paleontology, comparative anatomy, divergent and convergent evolution, industrial melanism printed as "industrial evolution"), adaptive radiation, natural selection, mechanism of evolution, Hardy-Weinberg principle and the factors affecting it, evolution of plants and vertebrates through geological periods, origin and evolution of man

Units VIII and IX: human welfare and biotechnology

UnitWhat it covers
Unit-VIII: Biology and Human WelfareHuman health and disease — introduction to health, common diseases (typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, malaria, amoebiasis, ascariasis, filariasis, ringworm), innate and acquired immunity, active and passive immunity, vaccination and immunisation, allergies, auto-immunity and the human immune system, AIDS, cancer, drugs and alcohol abuse (adolescence, addiction, effects, prevention and control); microbes in human welfare — household products, industrial products (beverages, antibiotics, enzymes, bioactive molecules), sewage treatment and biogas, biocontrol agents and biofertilisers
Unit-IX: Biotechnology and its ApplicationsPrinciples and processes — principles of biotechnology, tools of recombinant DNA technology (restriction enzymes, cloning vectors, competent host), processes of rDNA technology (isolation, gene amplification by PCR, insertion of rDNA into the host, bioreactors), downstream processing; applications — agriculture (tissue culture, genetically modified organisms, Bt cotton, RNA interference), medicine (insulin, gene therapy, molecular diagnosis), transgenic animals, ethical issues (biopiracy and patents)

The eight common diseases and the five assisted reproductive technologies are named one by one, which is as specific as the document gets.

Unit X: Ecology and Environment

UnitWhat it covers
Unit-X: Ecology and EnvironmentOrganisms and populations — population attributes (birth and death rate, age pyramids), exponential and logistic growth, life history variation, population interactions (predation, competition, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, amensalism); ecosystem — structure and function, productivity, decomposition, energy flow through trophic levels, food chain and food web, pyramids of energy, biomass and number; biodiversity and conservation — concept, patterns and importance, causes of biodiversity loss, conservation approaches (narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian, ethical), in situ methods (endemism, hotspots, sacred groves) and ex situ methods (wildlife safaris, zoological parks, cryopreservation)

This unit lists three chapters: organisms and populations, ecosystem, and biodiversity and conservation. The NCERT chapter on environmental issues is not among them.

What this syllabus does not tell you

The document is a topic list and nothing more. From it you cannot learn:

  • how many questions come from each unit, or the marks, negative marking and duration — those are on the exam pattern;
  • the weightage of any unit, so treat every unit as examinable rather than ranking them;
  • how difficult the questions will be, or how recall, diagram-based and reasoning questions are mixed;
  • which books to use; the syllabus names no textbook, although its chapters follow NCERT Class 12;
  • whether Biotechnology or Biochemistry applicants face anything different from Biology applicants — the document gives one list for all four names;
  • how much weight a university gives this paper once you qualify — the programmes that accept it are listed below, but the marks or ranking rule each one applies sits in its own admission bulletin.

One wording in the source to be aware of: under evidences for evolution it prints "industrial evolution", where the NCERT topic is industrial melanism. We transcribe it as printed and note the standard term alongside.

For anything about attempt rules or numbers of questions, go to the NTA information bulletin and the exam pattern rather than to this list.

Where this paper can take you

Programmes whose rule can use Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry, from the 162 universities whose documents we have read. 546 of them cannot be reached any other way.

Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry is the only way inBiology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry is one route
See all 1420 against my paper setShowing the 12 universities with the most Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry programmes, of 162.

Questions

Which programmes require Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry?
546 programmes at 118 universities name Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry outright in their CUET requirement. No combination of the other papers reaches them, so a candidate who does not sit Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry cannot apply to any of them.
Which universities accept Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry?
1420 programmes across 162 universities can use Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry in their CUET requirement, counted from the admission documents we have read line by line. That figure includes the programmes that merely allow the paper as one option alongside others.
What is the CUET subject code for Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry?
Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry carries NTA subject code 304. It is a domain paper in the CUET (UG) subject list.
Which papers are most often taken with Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry?
Counting the programme rules that accept Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry, the papers those same rules accept most often are Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics / Applied Mathematics, English, Computer Science / Information Practices. This is a count of rules, not of what candidates choose.
Are past answer keys available for Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry?
NTA has published a final answer key covering Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry for 2026, 2025, 2024, 2024. Each link opens NTA's own PDF at the page where this paper starts. NTA does not publish the question paper itself.