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Narrative Passages in CUET English

About 5 min to learn · 330 questions

A narrative passage tells a story: things happen, in an order, to people who want something. CUET asks what happened and why, what a character is like, what the story suggests without saying, and what its tone is. This lesson gives a method for each, with worked examples and the traps in the options.

Syllabus area
Reading Comprehension
On this page · 6 sections
  1. 01The core idea
  2. 02Reading the story
  3. 03The questions a story asks
  4. 04Traps in the options
  5. 05Quick revision
  6. 06Check your understanding

The core idea

A story is a chain: someone wants something, something gets in the way, something changes. Read for that chain. Most questions on a narrative ask about one link in it: what happened, why it happened, or what it shows about the people involved.

A story also leaves things unsaid on purpose. When a character looks at something "for a long moment", the writer wants you to work out why. Those gaps are where the harder questions come from.

Reading the story

What should you follow while reading a story?

Follow three things: who wants what, what stands in the way, and what has changed by the end. If you can say those in one sentence each when you finish, you can answer most of the questions without reading the story again.

How do you keep track of the order of events?

Watch the time words: "that morning", "for a minute", "that evening", "years later". Stories do not always tell events in the order they happened; a writer may open at the end and go back. A question that asks "what happened first" is testing exactly this, so note any jump in time.

Exam shortcut

Say the story to yourself in three short parts: the start, the problem, the end. It takes ten seconds and settles most sequence and main-idea questions.

The questions a story asks

How do you answer a "why did…" question?

Find the moment in the story, then look just before it for the cause. Writers usually set up a reason in the sentence or two before the event. The right answer names that reason; wrong answers name something else that happened nearby, or a reason the story never gives.

Example 1 · The reason is set up just before

Asha had practised the speech every night for a week. On the stage, she looked out at the hall, saw her grandmother in the front row wearing her best sari, and forgot every word. Then she smiled, and began to speak without her notes.

Why did Asha forget her speech? Options: she had not practised; the hall was too noisy; seeing her grandmother there overwhelmed her; she had lost her notes.

  1. The sentence before the forgetting gives the moment: she saw her grandmother in the front row, dressed in her best.

  2. The first sentence rules out "she had not practised", and the story never mentions noise or lost notes.

Answer

Seeing her grandmother there overwhelmed her.

"She had lost her notes" is tempting because notes are mentioned, but she speaks "without her notes" by choice, after she smiles.

How do you describe a character?

Use what the character does and says, not what the story tells you about them. A person who lends a stranger a bicycle without asking a question is generous and trusting, even if the word "generous" never appears. Choose the option that every action in the story supports, and reject one that fits a single moment but not the rest.

What does "the story suggests" mean?

It means something the story does not state but leaves you to work out from a detail, usually near the end. Read the detail again and ask what it would take for it to make sense. The right answer is the explanation that fits the detail and everything before it; the wrong answers add events the story never tells.

Example 2 · Reading a detail at the end

For years the old man had fed the stray dog at his gate. After he moved to his daughter's flat in the city, the neighbours found the dog still lying by the gate each evening, at exactly the hour he used to come out.

What does the story suggest? Options: the dog was waiting for the old man; the neighbours fed the dog; the dog belonged to the daughter; the gate had been left open.

  1. The detail is the hour: the dog comes at "exactly the hour he used to come out".

  2. The one explanation that fits that detail is that the dog was still waiting for him.

Answer

The dog was waiting for the old man.

"The neighbours fed the dog" might be true, but nothing in the story says so, and it would not explain the hour.

How do you work out the tone of a story?

Look at how the events are described, not at the events themselves. A missed bus can be told as a tragedy or as a small comedy; the words decide which. "The chain complained on every slope" is a light, playful way of saying the bicycle was old. Pick the tone that fits the whole story, not its first lines.

Traps in the options

  • Something that happened nearby. The right moment, the wrong cause.
  • An event the story never tells. It could have happened; the story does not say it did.
  • One moment for the whole. A character is nervous once, so the option calls them "timid".
  • The tone of the opening only. A story that starts badly and ends kindly is not "gloomy".
  • A word from the story, in the wrong place. The notes are mentioned, so an option blames the notes.

Quick revision

Reading

  • Who wants what, what stands in the way, what changes
  • Watch the time words for jumps in order
  • Say it in three parts: start, problem, end

Questions

  • Why: the reason is set up just before
  • Character: what they do and say
  • Suggests: the explanation a detail needs
  • Tone: how it is told, not what happens

Traps

  • The right moment, the wrong cause
  • Events the story never tells
  • One moment standing for the whole

The same questions about tone and hidden meaning come back, in older and richer language, in literary passages. For facts rather than stories, see factual passages.

Next · 05Quick revision

Check your understanding

330 questions on 66 passages, each passage printed once above its questions, easier passages first. Pick an answer and check it; the worked solution opens only when you ask for it.

The borrowed bicycleQ1 of 330Q1

The borrowed bicycle

Narrative · 227 words · 5 questions

The borrowed bicycle

The bus to the exam centre was supposed to leave at seven. Ravi reached the stop at five to seven, just in time to see it turning the corner at the far end of the road. The , it turned out, had decided that morning to leave early.

For a minute he simply stood there, doing the of . The centre was eleven kilometres away. The exam began at nine. His father had taken the scooter to the market before dawn.

It was Mrs Kulkarni, who ran the tailoring shop beside the stop, who solved it. She did not ask a single question. She walked to the back of her shop, wheeled out a heavy black bicycle with a basket on the front, and held it out to him. "It was my husband's," she said. "Nobody has ridden it for two years, so do not expect it to be fast."

It was not fast. The chain on every slope, and the seat had been set for a much taller man. But it moved, and Ravi reached the gate at twenty to nine, with sweat and like a fool.

That evening he brought the bicycle back, cleaned, with its chain oiled and its seat lowered. Mrs Kulkarni looked at it for a long moment. Then she said that she might start riding it herself.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (6)
conductor
the person on a bus who collects fares and looks after passengers
arithmetic
working with numbers; here, working out what the facts add up to
disaster
something very bad that happens and causes great trouble
complain
to say you are unhappy about something; here, to make a noise as if unhappy
damp
a little wet
grin
to smile widely, showing your teeth

Why did Ravi miss the bus?

Options for question 1

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · The bus left before its proper time

  1. Ravi reached the stop at five to seven, before the bus was due, and saw it already leaving.

  2. The passage explains that the conductor "had decided that morning to leave early".

Worth noting

Ravi was not late: he arrived before seven, which was when the bus was supposed to leave.

"Doing the arithmetic of disaster" suggests that Ravi was

Options for question 2

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · working out that the facts added up to serious trouble

  1. The sentences that follow list what he was working through: eleven kilometres, an exam at nine, and no scooter.

  2. Put together, those facts added up to a disaster: he could not reach the centre in time. The word "arithmetic" is used loosely, for adding up the facts.

Worth noting

No actual sum is involved. The phrase borrows the idea of adding up and applies it to his situation.

What does Mrs Kulkarni's remark "do not expect it to be fast" suggest about her?

Options for question 3

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · She was being honest about the old bicycle's condition

  1. She says the bicycle had not been ridden for two years, and then warns that it will not be fast.

  2. She is simply telling him the truth about an old, unused bicycle, while still lending it to him.

Worth noting

She had already wheeled the bicycle out and held it out to him without a question, so she clearly wanted him to take it.

Why does Mrs Kulkarni say she might start riding the bicycle herself?

Options for question 4

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Ravi had brought it back in good order, with the seat lowered, so it now suited her

  1. Ravi returned it cleaned, with the chain oiled and the seat lowered. Earlier the passage says the seat had been set "for a much taller man", her husband.

  2. A bicycle that runs smoothly and has a lower seat is now one she could ride. She looks at it "for a long moment" before saying so.

Worth noting

The passage says nothing about selling it, about exercise or about other borrowers. Each of those answers adds a story the text does not tell.

Which of the following best describes the tone of the story?

Options for question 5

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · Warm and gently humorous

  1. The story has a small crisis, but it is told lightly: the chain "complained", and Ravi arrives "grinning like a fool".

  2. It ends with a kindness returned. The overall feeling is warm, with touches of humour.

Worth noting

The missed bus is a worry for a moment, but the story does not stay there. "Gloomy" fits only its first lines.

The video call

Narrative · 207 words · 5 questions

The video call

Every Sunday at six, Nani's phone rang, and every Sunday it rang for a long time before anyone answered. By the time she had found her glasses, found the phone and found the green button, the call had usually stopped.

"Just press it, Nani," Priya said, for perhaps the hundredth time. "Green is yes. Red is no. That's all."

Nani looked at the phone the way she might have looked at a snake. "Your uncle's face comes into it," she said. "How does his face come into it? He is in Dubai."

Priya opened her mouth to explain, and then closed it. She had been about to say something about signals and satellites, but she she did not really know either. She only knew which button to press.

So she tried a different way. She sat beside Nani and pressed nothing at all. When the phone rang at six, she waited. Nani's hand over the screen, pulled back, came forward again, and pressed green. Her son's face filled the screen, laughing.

"You answered it yourself!" he said.

Nani did not look at him. She looked at Priya, and for the first time Priya saw that her grandmother had not been slow. She had been .

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
hover
to stay in the air in one place; here, to wait just above something without touching it
realise
to understand or become aware of something
afraid
feeling fear; frightened

Why did Nani usually miss the Sunday call?

Options for question 6

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · By the time she was ready, the call had stopped

  1. The first paragraph says that by the time she had found her glasses, the phone and the green button, "the call had usually stopped".

Worth noting

The story never suggests she did not want to speak to him. Her son's call is clearly welcome.

"Nani looked at the phone the way she might have looked at a snake." This suggests that she

Options for question 7

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · was wary, even a little frightened, of the phone

  1. People look at a snake with caution and fear.

  2. The comparison shows how Nani felt about the phone: wary and uneasy.

Worth noting

The story's last line confirms this reading: she "had been afraid".

Why did Priya close her mouth instead of explaining how the call worked?

Options for question 8

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · She realised she could not really explain it herself

  1. She had been about to talk about signals and satellites, "but she realised she did not really know either".

  2. She knew how to use the phone, not how it worked.

Worth noting

Anger or impatience would be a guess. The story gives the reason in the very next sentence.

What did Priya do differently the next time the phone rang?

Options for question 9

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · She sat beside Nani and let her press the button herself

  1. The story says she "sat beside Nani and pressed nothing at all", and waited while Nani pressed green herself.

Worth noting

The earlier approach was telling Nani what to do. The change was to be there and let her do it.

What does Priya understand at the end of the story?

Options for question 10

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · That her grandmother's trouble with the phone came from fear, not slowness

  1. The last sentence says Priya saw "for the first time" that her grandmother "had not been slow. She had been afraid."

  2. This is the change in understanding the whole story leads to.

Worth noting

Nani has just answered the call herself, so she is clearly able to learn. The ending is about why she struggled before.

The broken window

Narrative · 200 words · 5 questions

The broken window

The ball went higher than any of them had ever hit it, over the neem tree, over Sharma-ji's wall, and through his kitchen window with a crash that stopped the game at once.

For a second nobody moved. Then eight boys discovered that they all had somewhere to be. Within a minute the lane was empty except for Kabir, who had hit the ball, and his little sister Tara, who had been watching from the steps.

"Run," she . "Nobody saw."

"You saw," said Kabir.

He walked to Sharma-ji's gate and rang the bell. His heart was beating so hard he was sure the old man could hear it. Sharma-ji came out holding the ball in one hand and a piece of glass in the other, and looked at him for a long time.

"I hit it," Kabir said. "I'll pay for the glass. It might take a few months."

Sharma-ji turned the ball over in his fingers. "Thirty years I have lived in this lane," he said , "and every summer at least one window. You are the first to ring the bell." He handed back the ball. "Pay for half. The other half is for ringing."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
urgent
needing to be done or dealt with immediately
whisper
to speak very softly, using the breath and not the voice
at last
after a long time or a long wait

What did the other boys do after the window broke?

Options for question 11

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · They ran away

  1. The story says they "discovered that they all had somewhere urgent to be", and within a minute the lane was empty.

  2. In plain words, they ran away.

Worth noting

The phrase "somewhere urgent to be" is a joke. They had nowhere to go; they wanted to escape.

What does Kabir mean by "You saw"?

Options for question 12

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · Even if no one else knew, someone did, and that was enough for him to own up

  1. Tara says "Nobody saw" to persuade him to run. Kabir answers that she saw.

  2. He means that the truth is still known to someone, so pretending nothing happened would be dishonest.

Worth noting

Nothing he says or does after this suggests anger at Tara, or a wish to blame her.

"'Thirty years I have lived in this lane,' he said at last." The phrase "at last" shows that

Options for question 13

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Sharma-ji spoke after a long silence

  1. Before he speaks, Sharma-ji "looked at him for a long time" and then "turned the ball over in his fingers".

  2. "At last" means after a long wait, so he spoke only after a long pause.

Worth noting

"At last" does not mean "the last thing he said"; it means "finally, after a while".

Why does Sharma-ji ask Kabir to pay for only half the glass?

Options for question 14

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · He wants to reward Kabir for being honest

  1. He says Kabir is "the first to ring the bell" in thirty years, and then: "The other half is for ringing."

  2. The half he forgives is his way of rewarding honesty.

Worth noting

The other boys are never mentioned by Sharma-ji. The reason he gives is about ringing the bell.

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 15

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · A boy who chooses to own up, and the kindness it earns

  1. The story turns on Kabir's choice to ring the bell when he could have run, and ends with Sharma-ji's generous response.

Worth noting

Sharma-ji complains about windows broken "every summer", but he treats Kabir kindly. He does not dislike children.

The extra fifty

Narrative · 208 words · 5 questions

The extra fifty

Mr Kapoor had run the shop outside the bus stand for twenty-two years, and he could count change faster than any machine. So when the girl in the blue uniform came back ten minutes after buying her notebooks, he she wanted to return something.

"You gave me too much," she said, and put a fifty-rupee note on the counter. "I gave you two hundred. You gave me change for five hundred."

Mr Kapoor looked at the note. He looked at his . It was true. Twenty-two years, and he had made a mistake, and this child, whose shoes were at the toe, had walked all the way back to give him money he would never have missed.

"What's your name?" he asked.

"Lakshmi."

He pushed the note back across the counter. She pushed it back to him. They did this twice more, and then Mr Kapoor laughed, took the note and put it in his till.

The next Monday, when Lakshmi came in for a new pen, she found that it had already been paid for. A card was taped to the counter beside the pens. In Mr Kapoor's careful handwriting, it said: Lakshmi, one pen a month, for as long as this shop stands.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
stationery
paper, pens and other things used for writing
assume
to think something is true without checking
till
the drawer or machine where a shop keeps its money
mend
to repair something that is broken or torn

Why did Lakshmi come back to the shop?

Options for question 16

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · To give back money she had been given by mistake

  1. She says, "You gave me too much", and puts a fifty-rupee note on the counter.

Worth noting

Mr Kapoor first assumed she wanted to return something, but that was his guess, and it was wrong.

Why does the writer mention that Lakshmi's shoes "were mended at the toe"?

Options for question 17

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · To suggest that she did not have much money, which made her honesty more striking

  1. Mended shoes suggest a family that cannot easily buy new ones.

  2. For someone with little money, giving back fifty rupees is a real choice, which makes her honesty more striking.

Worth noting

The shop sells stationery, not shoes. The detail is about Lakshmi, not the shop.

What does the pushing of the note back and forth show?

Options for question 18

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Mr Kapoor wanted to give her the money, and she refused to take what was not hers

  1. He pushes the note back to let her keep it; she pushes it back because it is his.

  2. They do this "twice more" before he laughs and accepts, which shows how firmly she refused.

Worth noting

Mr Kapoor laughs at the end, so he was not angry.

Mr Kapoor "assumed she wanted to return something". Here "assumed" means he

Options for question 19

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · supposed, without checking

  1. He had not asked her anything yet; he simply thought it was likely.

  2. To assume is to take something to be true without checking, and here his assumption turns out to be wrong.

Worth noting

If he had known for certain, he would not have been surprised by what she said next.

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 20

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · An honest act answered with a generous one

  1. Lakshmi returns money she could have kept, and Mr Kapoor answers with a lasting gift: one pen a month.

  2. The story is built on that exchange of honesty and generosity.

Worth noting

The story says it was his first mistake in twenty-two years, so he is not a man who makes many.

The volcano that would not erupt

Narrative · 230 words · 5 questions

The volcano that would not erupt

The science fair was at ten, and at a quarter to ten Irfan's volcano was a very cone of clay that did absolutely nothing.

He had tested it twice at home. Both times, when he poured vinegar into the baking soda, red foam had come rushing out of the top and down the sides, and his little brother had screamed with . Now, with the judges two tables away, he poured, and waited, and the volcano gave a small, sad bubble and stopped.

His friend Neha leaned over. "Did you use the same baking soda?"

He had not. At home, his mother had given him a fresh packet. This morning, in a hurry, he had taken the old tin from the back of the cupboard.

There was no time to buy more. So when the judges arrived, Irfan did not show them an . He showed them the sad bubble, and then he told them why it was sad: that the old baking soda had lost most of its power, that the needed fresh powder to make enough gas, and that he had learnt more about it in the last fifteen minutes than in the whole of the week before.

He did not win. But one of the judges wrote something on her sheet, and at the end of the day she came back to shake his hand.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
ordinary
normal; not special or different in any way
delight
great pleasure
eruption
the sudden bursting out of something, such as lava from a volcano
reaction
in science, a change that happens when two substances meet

Why did the volcano not work at the fair?

Options for question 21

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · He used old baking soda that had lost its power

  1. That morning he took "the old tin from the back of the cupboard" instead of the fresh packet he had used at home.

  2. He later explains that the old baking soda "had lost most of its power".

Worth noting

Neha only asks a question. She is the one who helps him see the cause, not the cause itself.

"The volcano gave a small, sad bubble." The word "sad" is used here to suggest that the bubble was

Options for question 22

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · disappointing and weak

  1. A bubble cannot feel sad. The word describes how disappointing it looked: small and weak, where a rush of foam was expected.

Worth noting

Describing a thing as if it had feelings is a common way of showing how a character sees it.

What did Irfan decide to show the judges instead of an eruption?

Options for question 23

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · The failed bubble and an explanation of why it failed

  1. The story says he "showed them the sad bubble, and then he told them why it was sad".

  2. He turned the failure into an explanation of the science.

Worth noting

There was "no time to buy more", so he could not make a new, working volcano.

Why did the judge come back to shake Irfan's hand?

Options for question 24

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · She valued how well he understood and explained what went wrong

  1. Irfan did not win, but he explained the cause of the failure and showed that he had learnt from it.

  2. The judge noted something on her sheet and returned to shake his hand, a sign of respect for how he handled the failure.

Worth noting

Feeling sorry for someone is not usually shown by writing notes and returning to shake hands. The story points to respect.

What does the story suggest about failure?

Options for question 25

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · It can teach you more than success, if you understand why it happened

  1. Irfan says he learnt more in fifteen minutes of failure than in the whole week before, and the judge respects his explanation.

  2. The story suggests that understanding a failure can be worth more than a success you do not think about.

Worth noting

He did test twice, and it still failed at the fair. The story shows that testing alone did not prevent failure.

The lost dog

Narrative · 229 words · 5 questions

The lost dog

The dog at the tea stall on a Tuesday, a brown dog with one white ear and a red collar that said Bruno. It was somebody's dog. It sat politely, refused biscuits from strangers, and looked up the road every time a scooter went past.

Gopal, who ran the stall, tied a string to the collar and asked everyone who stopped for tea whether they knew a Bruno. Nobody did. On Wednesday he wrote BRUNO FOUND on a piece of cardboard in large letters and hung it on the stall. On Thursday he asked his nephew to put a photo of the dog on his phone and send it round.

On Friday evening a scooter stopped so suddenly that the rider nearly fell off. A girl of about twelve jumped from the back seat, and the dog made a noise Gopal had never heard a dog make, half bark and half cry.

The girl's father tried to give Gopal five hundred rupees. Gopal would not take it. "He drank my milk for four days," he said. "That was only fair. He was good ."

"Then at least let us buy tea," said the father.

That, Gopal agreed, was a different thing . They had eight cups between them, and the father paid for every one, and Bruno had his milk from a saucer at their feet.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
turn up
to arrive or appear, often without warning
plainly
clearly; obviously
company
being with someone so that you are not alone
altogether
completely

How did Gopal know the dog belonged to someone?

Options for question 26

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · It wore a collar with a name, behaved politely and kept looking up the road

  1. The dog had "a red collar that said Bruno", "refused biscuits from strangers" and watched every scooter.

  2. All of these suggest a pet waiting for its owner.

Worth noting

The story says "plainly somebody's dog", and the next sentences give the reasons.

What did Gopal do on Wednesday?

Options for question 27

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · He hung a cardboard sign saying BRUNO FOUND

  1. The story says that on Wednesday he wrote BRUNO FOUND on cardboard and hung it on the stall.

Worth noting

The photo was Thursday's plan, sent by his nephew.

What does the dog's noise, "half bark and half cry", show?

Options for question 28

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · The dog was overjoyed to see the girl again

  1. The noise comes the moment the girl jumps from the scooter. It is a sound of great emotion, one Gopal had never heard a dog make.

  2. It shows the dog's joy at being reunited with his family.

Worth noting

Nothing in the scene suggests pain or fear; it is the moment of reunion.

Why did Gopal refuse the money but agree to let them buy tea?

Options for question 29

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · Taking a reward felt wrong to him, but selling tea was just his normal business

  1. He said feeding the dog was "only fair" and that it was good company, so he did not want to be paid for kindness.

  2. Buying tea, though, was ordinary business, "a different thing altogether", so he could accept it.

Worth noting

He is friendly with the family and happy to see the dog go home.

The story's ending is best described as

Options for question 30

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · warm and happy

  1. The dog is home, the family and Gopal share eight cups of tea, and Bruno drinks milk at their feet.

Worth noting

The only tense moment, the scooter stopping suddenly, is quickly turned into joy.

The power cut

Narrative · 213 words · 5 questions

The power cut

The lights went out at eight, in the middle of the news, and the fan to a stop like a tired dancer.

For the first few minutes everyone in the Joshi family did the same thing: they picked up their phones. Then, one by one, they noticed the batteries. Papa's was at twelve per cent. Maya's was at five. Grandmother's phone, which she used only to call the vegetable seller, had been dead since Sunday.

So Grandmother lit a candle. And because there was nothing else to do, she began to tell a story about the year the river and her father the whole family to the temple on the hill in a boat made from the doors of their house.

Maya had never heard the story. Neither, it turned out, had Papa.

"You never told me that," he said.

"You never asked," said Grandmother. "You were always doing your homework. Then you were always doing your work."

The candle burned down. Grandmother told three more stories, and one of them was about Papa as a small boy, which made him put his face in his hands while Maya laughed until she could not breathe.

The lights came back at half past ten. Nobody moved to switch on the television.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
slow
to become slower
flood
to overflow and cover land with water
row
to move a boat through water using oars

Why did the family stop using their phones?

Options for question 31

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · Their batteries were low or dead

  1. The second paragraph says Papa's phone was at twelve per cent, Maya's at five, and Grandmother's had been dead since Sunday.

Worth noting

The story never mentions the network. It is the batteries that stop them.

"The fan slowed to a stop like a tired dancer." This simile suggests that the fan

Options for question 32

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · turned more and more slowly before stopping

  1. A tired dancer slows down gradually, turning more and more slowly.

  2. The fan, without power, does the same.

Worth noting

The comparison is about how the fan slowed, not about music or colour.

What does Grandmother's reply "You never asked" suggest?

Options for question 33

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Her son had always been too busy to sit and listen to her

  1. She adds, "You were always doing your homework. Then you were always doing your work."

  2. The story had been there all along; no one had made the time to hear it.

Worth noting

She tells the story readily when there is time, so she was not unwilling.

Why did Papa put his face in his hands?

Options for question 34

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · He was embarrassed by a story about himself as a small boy

  1. One of the stories was "about Papa as a small boy", which made him hide his face while Maya laughed.

  2. He was embarrassed, but in a light-hearted way.

Worth noting

Maya is laughing, so the moment is funny, not sad or angry.

What does the last sentence, "Nobody moved to switch on the television", suggest?

Options for question 35

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AnswerA · The family had enjoyed being together so much that they did not want the evening to end

  1. The power cut had given them an evening of stories and laughter they would not otherwise have had.

  2. Not switching on the television shows they preferred to stay together.

Worth noting

The lights had come back, so the television could be used. The choice not to use it is the point.

The umbrella

Narrative · 216 words · 5 questions

The umbrella

It began to rain just as the school bell rang, and within a minute the gate was full of children waiting for the rain to stop.

Nikhil had an umbrella. It was large and black and had been his father's, and it had one broken that made it lean to one side like a tired bird. He was about to open it when he saw the small boy from the first standard standing at the edge of the crowd, holding his school bag over his head.

"Where do you live?" Nikhil asked.

The boy pointed down the road, towards the market, which was the opposite way from Nikhil's house.

Nikhil thought about his mother, who would be waiting, and about the long walk back. Then he opened the umbrella.

They walked together to the market, the small boy talking the whole way about a frog he had once found in his shoe. The umbrella leaned. The rain came in on Nikhil's side. By the time he had delivered the boy to a mother at a sweet shop, his left shoulder was through.

The mother pressed a paper bag into his hand. Inside were two warm jalebis.

He walked home in the rain, eating them, and decided that it had been an excellent .

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
spoke
one of the thin rods that hold out the cloth of an umbrella, or run from the centre of a wheel
relieved
happy because a worry has ended
soak
to make something completely wet
bargain
an agreement or exchange that turns out well for you

Why did the umbrella lean to one side?

Options for question 36

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AnswerD · It had a broken spoke

  1. The second paragraph says it "had one broken spoke that made it lean to one side".

Worth noting

The story never mentions wind; the lean comes from the broken spoke.

Why did Nikhil hesitate before opening the umbrella?

Options for question 37

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AnswerC · Walking the boy home meant a long walk the other way, and his mother waiting

  1. The boy lived the "opposite way from Nikhil's house", and Nikhil "thought about his mother, who would be waiting, and about the long walk back".

  2. Helping the boy had a real cost to him, which is why he paused.

Worth noting

He then opens the umbrella and helps, so he did not dislike the boy.

Why was Nikhil's left shoulder soaked?

Options for question 38

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · The leaning umbrella let the rain in on his side

  1. The story says "The umbrella leaned. The rain came in on Nikhil's side."

  2. He kept the boy covered and got wet himself.

Worth noting

This shows, without saying it, that he protected the smaller boy first.

The boy's mother is described as "relieved". This means she was

Options for question 39

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AnswerB · happy that her worry was over

  1. Her small son had been out in the rain; seeing him arrive safely ended her worry.

  2. "Relieved" means glad because something worrying has ended.

Worth noting

She thanks Nikhil with jalebis, which is not the act of an angry parent.

What does Nikhil mean when he decides "it had been an excellent bargain"?

Options for question 40

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AnswerC · He jokingly weighs a wet shoulder against two warm jalebis and a kind deed, and feels he came out ahead

  1. He gave up a dry walk home and got soaked, and in return received two warm jalebis and the good feeling of having helped.

  2. Calling it a "bargain" is a light-hearted way of saying he did not mind at all.

Worth noting

Nothing was bought or sold. The word "bargain" is used playfully.

The spelling bee

Narrative · 193 words · 5 questions

The spelling bee

Varun had four hundred words for the district spelling bee. He could spell "rhythm" without thinking, "necessary" in his sleep, and "onomatopoeia" faster than his teacher could say it.

On the day, he stood at the microphone, and the judge smiled at him. "Before we begin," she said, "please spell your name for the ."

Varun opened his mouth. Nothing came out. For one terrible moment, the only thing in his head was the sound of four hundred words all shouting at once.

"V," he said at last. "A. R." He stopped. Somewhere in the hall, someone . "U," he said. "N." He paused again, as if waiting for more letters to arrive, and then added, very quietly, "I think."

The whole hall laughed, the judges too, and something strange happened: Varun laughed as well. The laughing something in his chest. By the time the judge gave him his first real word, "chrysanthemum", his hands had stopped shaking.

He spelt it perfectly. He spelt the next eleven words perfectly too, and came second in the whole district.

For years afterwards, his family introduced him at weddings as "Varun, V-A-R-U-N, I think."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
practise
to do something again and again to get better at it
record
an official written account of something
giggle
to laugh in a silly, high way
loosen
to make something less tight

What was Varun asked to do before the competition began?

Options for question 41

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AnswerD · Spell his own name

  1. The judge said, "please spell your name for the record."

Worth noting

"Rhythm" is one of the words he had practised, not what he was asked.

Why could Varun not answer at first?

Options for question 42

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AnswerA · He was so nervous that his mind went blank

  1. The story says the only thing in his head was "the sound of four hundred words all shouting at once".

  2. His nerves filled his mind so completely that even his own name would not come.

Worth noting

He does know how to spell his name; he spells it correctly, just slowly.

How did the laughter in the hall help Varun?

Options for question 43

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AnswerC · Laughing along with everyone relaxed him and calmed his nerves

  1. The story says "The laughing loosened something in his chest", and by his first real word "his hands had stopped shaking".

Worth noting

The judges gave him "chrysanthemum", a hard word, so they did not make it easier for him.

"The laughing loosened something in his chest." This suggests that the laughter

Options for question 44

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AnswerB · made him feel less tense

  1. Nervousness can feel like a tightness in the chest. Loosening it means relaxing.

  2. The next sentence confirms it: his hands stopped shaking.

Worth noting

The phrase describes a feeling, not a physical knot.

Why does the story end with the family's joke at weddings?

Options for question 45

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AnswerD · To show that the embarrassing moment became a fond family story

  1. Years later, his family repeats his nervous "I think" as an affectionate introduction.

  2. The ending turns a frightening moment into a funny, loving memory.

Worth noting

A joke told "for years" at family gatherings is a sign of affection, not shame.

Tree number three

Narrative · 203 words · 5 questions

Tree number three

In the school's of The Forest, Aarav had been given the part of Tree Number Three. Tree Number Three had no lines. He stood at the back of the stage in a brown with cardboard branches, and his only job was not to move.

Aarav was very good at not moving. He had practised in front of the mirror, arms out, until his shoulders ached.

On the night, halfway through the second act, the boy playing the Woodcutter forgot his lines. He stood in the middle of the stage with his wooden axe, staring at the audience, and the silence grew longer and longer.

Aarav knew every line in the play. He had heard them all at , night after night, with nothing to do but listen.

So Tree Number Three leaned forward, very slightly, and whispered: "I have walked for three days and found no water."

The Woodcutter blinked, repeated the line, and the play went on.

Nobody in the audience noticed. But at the end, when the actors took their , the Woodcutter took Aarav by his cardboard branch and pulled him to the front of the stage. And the teacher, who had noticed everything, clapped loudest of all.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
production
a play or show that is put on for an audience
costume
clothes worn by an actor to look like a character
rehearsal
a practice of a play or performance before it is shown
bow
the act of bending the head or body to thank an audience

What part did Aarav play?

Options for question 46

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AnswerD · Tree Number Three

  1. The first sentence says "Aarav had been given the part of Tree Number Three".

Worth noting

The Woodcutter was another boy, the one who forgot his lines.

How did Aarav know the Woodcutter's line?

Options for question 47

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AnswerC · He had listened to every line at rehearsals, with nothing else to do

  1. The story says "He had heard them all at rehearsal, night after night, with nothing to do but listen."

  2. Because his part had no lines, he had spent every rehearsal listening.

Worth noting

His small part turned out to be why he knew everyone else's lines.

Why did Aarav whisper rather than speak aloud?

Options for question 48

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AnswerD · He wanted to help without the audience noticing

  1. He leaned forward "very slightly" and whispered, and afterwards "Nobody in the audience noticed".

  2. He helped quietly so the play could carry on as if nothing had gone wrong.

Worth noting

Nothing suggests he was angry; he rescued the scene.

"He had heard them all at rehearsal." A rehearsal is

Options for question 49

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AnswerA · a practice before the show

  1. The story says the lines were heard "night after night" before the performance.

  2. Those were rehearsals, the practices before the real show.

Worth noting

The performance itself is called "the night" in the story.

What does the ending show?

Options for question 50

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AnswerB · Aarav's quiet help was recognised by the people who knew about it

  1. The Woodcutter pulled him to the front at the bows, and the teacher, "who had noticed everything, clapped loudest of all".

Worth noting

The story says the teacher "had noticed everything", the opposite of not seeing.

Counting birds

Narrative · 234 words · 5 questions

Counting birds

Kiran had imagined that birdwatching would be exciting. Instead, on the first morning at the lake, Dr Rao handed her a notebook, a pair of and a folding stool, and told her to sit still.

"For how long?" asked Kiran.

"Until the birds forget you are here," said Dr Rao.

Kiran sat. The mist lay on the water. Nothing happened. A dragonfly landed on her knee and left again. Her legs went to sleep. She counted her own breaths, then the , then the clouds.

After an hour, a grey heron stepped out of the reeds not ten metres away. It stood on one leg, looking at the water with enormous , and then struck so fast that Kiran almost missed it. When it lifted its head, there was a fish in its beak.

After that, the lake seemed to wake up. There were egrets, a kingfisher like a blue , a family of ducks paddling in a line. Kiran forgot her legs. She forgot to count her breaths. She filled three pages of the notebook without looking at the time.

When Dr Rao came back to fetch her, she was surprised to find that it was nearly noon.

"How was it?" asked Dr Rao.

Kiran thought about the heron standing so still for so long, waiting for exactly the right moment.

"I think," she said, "I was learning to be a heron."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
binoculars
an instrument with a glass for each eye that makes distant things look closer
reed
a tall grass that grows in or near water
patience
the ability to wait calmly for a long time
spark
a tiny bright flash of fire or light

What did Dr Rao tell Kiran to do on the first morning?

Options for question 51

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AnswerA · Sit still until the birds forgot she was there

  1. Dr Rao told her to sit still "Until the birds forget you are here."

Worth noting

The binoculars and notebook were for watching and writing, not photographs.

Why does the lake "seem to wake up" after the heron appears?

Options for question 52

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AnswerC · The birds had stopped noticing Kiran, so they came out

  1. Dr Rao had said to wait "until the birds forget you are here". After an hour of stillness, they did.

  2. Once they were used to her, the birds went about their lives around her.

Worth noting

It was morning and nearly noon later, so the sun had not set.

The heron looked at the water "with enormous patience". This means it

Options for question 53

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AnswerB · waited calmly for a long time

  1. It "stood on one leg, looking at the water", and only then "struck so fast".

  2. Patience is the ability to wait calmly, which is exactly what the heron shows before striking.

Worth noting

It does move fast, but only once, at the end of a long wait.

How does the writer describe the kingfisher?

Options for question 54

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AnswerA · As a blue spark

  1. The story calls it "a kingfisher like a blue spark", a quick, bright flash of colour.

Worth noting

The grey bird is the heron.

What does Kiran mean by "I was learning to be a heron"?

Options for question 55

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AnswerD · She was learning the heron's patient, still waiting, which had brought the birds to her

  1. She thinks about "the heron standing so still for so long, waiting for exactly the right moment".

  2. Her own long, still wait was what let her see the lake come alive, so she had been learning the heron's kind of patience.

Worth noting

She was surprised at how fast the morning went, so she had not been bored by the end.

The seed packet

Narrative · 214 words · 5 questions

The seed packet

On the first day of the holidays, Meena's aunt gave her a packet of sunflower seeds. "Plant them by the wall," she said, "and water them every evening."

Meena planted all twelve seeds in a neat row. The next morning she ran outside before breakfast. Nothing. She watered them again, though it was not evening. At lunch she checked. Still nothing. By the third day she was sure the seeds were dead, and she dug one up to see.

It had open, and a tiny white root was pushing down into the soil. Meena stared at it, . She pressed it gently back into the ground and patted the earth over it.

After that she made herself a rule: look only once a day, in the evening, with the watering can. On the eighth evening, a row of small green appeared, bent over like people bowing. By the end of the holidays the sunflowers were taller than the wall, and taller than Meena too.

Only one plant was shorter than the rest. It was the one she had dug up. It had lived, but it was always a little behind. Meena did not mind. Whenever she looked at it, it reminded her that some things grow best when you leave them alone.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
split
to break open or into parts
ashamed
feeling bad because you have done something wrong
loop
a curved shape, like a circle that is not closed

What lesson does Meena learn in the story?

Options for question 56

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AnswerD · That some things grow best when left alone

  1. The last sentence says the short plant reminded her "that some things grow best when you leave them alone".

Worth noting

Meena waters the seeds often, but the story does not say that more water made them grow.

Why did Meena dig up one of the seeds?

Options for question 57

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AnswerA · Because she thought the seeds were dead

  1. The second paragraph says "By the third day she was sure the seeds were dead, and she dug one up to see."

Worth noting

Her aunt told her only to plant and water them.

Why was Meena "ashamed" when she saw the root?

Options for question 58

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AnswerB · Because the seed had been growing all along, and she had disturbed it

  1. The seed had split and grown a root, so it was alive and growing underground.

  2. Meena realised her impatience had harmed it.

Worth noting

The root shows the seed was alive, not dead.

"A row of small green loops appeared, bent over like people bowing." The "loops" are

Options for question 59

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AnswerA · the young stems of the plants, curved over as they came up

  1. This is the first sign of the plants coming up. The young stems are bent in a curve, "like people bowing".

Worth noting

The picture of people bowing tells you the loops are bent shoots.

What was different about the plant Meena had dug up?

Options for question 60

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AnswerB · It lived, but was always shorter than the rest

  1. The last paragraph says "It had lived, but it was always a little behind."

Worth noting

The passage says plainly that the plant lived.

Grandmother's phone

Narrative · 218 words · 5 questions

Grandmother's phone

When Dadi got her first smartphone, she held it the way you would hold a hot plate: with two fingers, at arm's length.

"You just touch the picture," said Kabir, who was twelve and had been touching pictures all his life.

"Which picture?"

"The green one. No, not that green. The other green."

By the end of the first week, Dadi could answer a call, but only if Kabir was in the room to tell her which way to . By the end of the second, she could send a voice message, although most of them began with ten seconds of her asking, "Is it recording?"

Kabir grew . He had explained the same things again and again. One evening he said, more sharply than he meant to, "Dadi, it's easy. Why don't you remember?"

Dadi looked at him for a moment. "When you were four," she said, "I taught you to tie your shoes. It took three months. Every morning I showed you again."

Kabir said nothing. The next morning he wrote the steps on a card in large letters: GREEN BUTTON. SWIPE UP. SPEAK. Then he the card to the back of her phone.

By the end of the month, Dadi was sending him photographs of her garden. Most of them were of her thumb.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
swipe
to move your finger across a touch screen
impatient
annoyed because something is taking too long
tape
to fix something in place with sticky tape

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 61

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AnswerB · A boy who learns patience while teaching his grandmother to use a phone

  1. Kabir becomes impatient, but his grandmother reminds him how patiently she once taught him, and he finds a better way to help her.

Worth noting

The shoelaces are part of Dadi's reminder, not the subject of the story.

What does holding the phone "the way you would hold a hot plate" show about Dadi?

Options for question 62

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AnswerA · She was nervous about the new phone

  1. People hold something hot carefully, at a distance. The comparison shows how uneasy she felt with the new phone.

Worth noting

It is a comparison; the phone was not actually hot.

Why does Dadi mention teaching Kabir to tie his shoes?

Options for question 63

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AnswerC · To remind him that he too once needed patient teaching

  1. Kabir asks why she cannot remember. She answers that it took him three months to learn his shoelaces, and she showed him every morning.

Worth noting

The point is patience, not who is the better teacher.

What did Kabir do the morning after the conversation?

Options for question 64

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AnswerD · He wrote the steps on a card and taped it to her phone

  1. The story says "he wrote the steps on a card in large letters" and "taped the card to the back of her phone".

Worth noting

The photographs come at the end of the month, not the next morning.

What is the effect of the last line, "Most of them were of her thumb"?

Options for question 65

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AnswerC · It ends the story with gentle humour, showing she is still learning

  1. Dadi is now confident enough to send photographs, but her thumb keeps getting in the way.

  2. The ending is affectionate and funny.

Worth noting

Sending photographs shows progress, not giving up.

The school bell

Narrative · 207 words · 5 questions

The school bell

For thirty-one years, Ramu Kaka rang the bell at the government school in our village. He rang it at nine for , every forty minutes for the next lesson, and at four for home. He rang it through rain and heat, and once, the story goes, with a fever so high that the headmaster sent him home straight after.

He never needed a clock. The children said he could feel the time in his arms.

On his last day, the headmaster announced that a new electric bell would be fitted. It would ring on its own, at exactly the right moments, forever.

At four o'clock, everyone waited for the new bell. It rang, loud and perfect. Nobody moved.

Then, from the end of the , came the old sound: the brass bell in Ramu Kaka's hand, slightly late, as it always was on Fridays, because he liked to give the smallest children time to finish their drawings.

The whole school came out to the yard to clap for him. He went pink, rang the bell once more, and then handed it to the headmaster.

The electric bell still rings at our school. But on Fridays, the teachers say, it always seems to ring a minute too early.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (2)
assembly
a meeting of the whole school, usually at the start of the day
corridor
a long passage in a building with rooms on each side

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 66

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AnswerC · A school's affection for the man who rang its bell for thirty-one years

  1. The story describes Ramu Kaka's years of service, his last day, and how the school clapped for him.

Worth noting

The electric bell matters only because it replaces Ramu Kaka.

Why was Ramu Kaka's bell slightly late on Fridays?

Options for question 67

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AnswerB · He gave the smallest children time to finish their drawings

  1. The story says it was late "because he liked to give the smallest children time to finish their drawings".

Worth noting

The story says he never needed a clock.

"Nobody moved" when the new electric bell rang. What does this suggest?

Options for question 68

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AnswerD · The school was waiting for Ramu Kaka's bell, not the new one

  1. The bell rang "loud and perfect", but everyone stayed still.

  2. Then Ramu Kaka's bell sounded, and the whole school came out. They had been waiting for his.

Worth noting

The story says the bell was perfect, so it was not broken.

What does the last sentence suggest?

Options for question 69

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AnswerA · People miss Ramu Kaka's kindness, which a machine cannot copy

  1. The electric bell is exactly on time. It only "seems" early on Fridays because the school remembers his few extra minutes.

Worth noting

"Seems" shows that the bell is not really early; it is a feeling.

What does "he could feel the time in his arms" show?

Options for question 70

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AnswerA · He had rung the bell so long that he knew the times without a clock

  1. The sentence before says "He never needed a clock."

  2. After thirty-one years, he could sense when to ring.

Worth noting

The sentence says he never needed a clock, so he did not wear a watch.

The wrong answer

Narrative · 206 words · 5 questions

The wrong answer

Mr Iyer wrote the sum on the board, worked it out, and drew a box around the answer: 48.

Priya looked at her notebook. She had got 42. She worked it again. Still 42. She looked at the board and followed each line, and there it was: in the third line, Mr Iyer had written 7 × 6 as 48.

Her hand went halfway up and stopped. Mr Iyer had taught for twenty years. Nobody corrected Mr Iyer.

She put her hand down. Then she thought of Rahul in the back row, who copied everything from the board and never checked, and who would learn the wrong answer. Her hand went up again, all the way this time.

"Sir," she said, "I think in the third line, seven sixes might be forty-two."

The class went silent. Mr Iyer turned to the board and looked at it for a long moment. Then he picked up the and the 48.

"Forty-two," he said. He wrote it in. "Thank you, Priya." And then, to the class, "Checking is not rude. Not checking is."

After that, whenever he finished a sum on the board, he would turn around and ask, "Well? Who is going to check me?"

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (2)
duster
a cloth or pad used for rubbing chalk off a board
rub out
to remove writing by rubbing it

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 71

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AnswerC · A girl who politely corrects her teacher's mistake, and a teacher who welcomes it

  1. Priya finds the error and points it out politely. Mr Iyer thanks her and begins to invite checking.

Worth noting

Mr Iyer makes one mistake; the story does not say he is often wrong.

What was Mr Iyer's mistake?

Options for question 72

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AnswerC · He wrote 7 × 6 as 48

  1. The second paragraph says "Mr Iyer had written 7 × 6 as 48."

Worth noting

The sum itself was right; one step in the working was wrong.

Why did Priya's hand go up "halfway" and stop?

Options for question 73

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AnswerA · She was afraid to correct an experienced teacher

  1. The next lines explain: "Mr Iyer had taught for twenty years. Nobody corrected Mr Iyer."

  2. She hesitated out of fear, not doubt; she had checked her working twice.

Worth noting

She had worked the sum twice and got 42 both times, so she was sure of her answer.

Why did Priya finally raise her hand all the way?

Options for question 74

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AnswerD · She thought of Rahul, who would learn the wrong answer

  1. The passage says she "thought of Rahul in the back row, who copied everything from the board and never checked".

Worth noting

She acts for someone else's sake, not to show off.

"Checking is not rude. Not checking is." What does Mr Iyer mean?

Options for question 75

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AnswerB · It is right to check someone's work; letting a mistake pass is the real fault

  1. He thanks Priya and turns her correction into a class rule: checking is good, and failing to check is the fault.

  2. Afterwards he asks the class to check him after every sum.

Worth noting

He thanks Priya, so he does not think she was rude.

The stopped watch

Narrative · 219 words · 5 questions

The stopped watch

Halfway through her first board exam, Meera looked at her watch and froze. It said 10:15, exactly what it had said the last time she looked. The battery had died.

There was no clock on the wall of the exam hall, and the was busy at the far end of the room. Meera felt her heart race. How much time was left? An hour? Twenty minutes? She began to write faster and faster, until her handwriting was hard to read even for herself.

Then she stopped and took a breath. , she realised, was wasting more time than the broken watch. She had this paper at home many times, and she knew that each long answer took her about fifteen minutes. So she would use the answers themselves as a clock. Three long answers were left: about forty-five minutes of work.

She wrote , one answer at a time, without looking at her wrist again. She had just finished the last line of the last answer when the bell rang.

Outside, her friends were complaining that the paper had been too long. Meera only smiled and slipped the dead watch into her pocket. That evening she bought a new battery, but she never forgot the lesson. A watch could stop; what she had practised could not.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
invigilator
a person who watches students during an exam
panic
to feel sudden strong fear so that you cannot think clearly
steadily
at an even, regular speed
practise
to do something again and again to get better at it

What went wrong during Meera's exam?

Options for question 76

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AnswerB · Her watch stopped because the battery died

  1. Her watch showed the same time twice: "The battery had died."

Worth noting

Her friends complained the paper was long, but nothing was wrong with the paper itself.

Why did Meera stop writing faster and faster?

Options for question 77

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AnswerC · She realised that panicking was wasting more time than the broken watch

  1. "Panicking, she realised, was wasting more time than the broken watch."

Worth noting

The invigilator was "busy at the far end of the room" and did not speak to her.

How did Meera use "the answers themselves as a clock"?

Options for question 78

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AnswerB · She knew each long answer took about fifteen minutes, so three answers meant about forty-five minutes

  1. From practice she knew "each long answer took her about fifteen minutes", so three answers were "about forty-five minutes of work".

Worth noting

She did not ask anyone; she worked it out from what she knew.

"The invigilator was busy at the far end of the room." An invigilator is

Options for question 79

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AnswerD · a person who supervises an exam

  1. The invigilator is in the exam hall, watching over the room while students write.

Worth noting

Meera and her friends are the students; the invigilator is in charge of the room.

What lesson does Meera take from the experience?

Options for question 80

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AnswerA · Steady practice and calm thinking are more reliable than any watch

  1. The story ends: "A watch could stop; what she had practised could not."

Worth noting

She does buy a new battery, but the lesson is about practice and calm, not equipment.

The window seat

Narrative · 245 words · 5 questions

The window seat

Rohan had booked the window seat on the train to Jaipur three weeks earlier. It was his first journey alone, and he had planned it carefully: the window, his headphones, a packet of chips and six hours of fields rushing past.

When he reached his seat, an old woman was sitting in it. She had a cloth bag on her lap and a look, as if she expected to be told off.

"Excuse me," Rohan began, holding out his ticket. "I think this is—"

"I know, beta," she said. "My seat is the middle one. But I feel sick if I cannot see outside. I will move if you want."

Rohan looked at the middle seat, between a large man reading a newspaper and a family eating parathas. He thought of his three weeks of planning. Then he looked at the old woman's hands, which were holding the bag very tightly.

"It's all right," he said. "Keep it."

The journey was not the one he had planned. The large man's newspaper kept hitting his ear, and the parathas smelled so good it was almost painful. But somewhere after Ajmer, the old woman a cloth and offered him two laddoos she had made herself, and told him about her grandson, who was also going to Jaipur, to study, just like Rohan.

By the time the train stopped, Rohan had not seen many fields. He did not mind as much as he had expected.

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Words in this passage (3)
nervous
worried and a little afraid
squeeze
to press something firmly into a small space
unwrap
to take off the paper or cloth around something

Why did the old woman want the window seat?

Options for question 81

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AnswerA · She felt sick if she could not see outside

  1. "I feel sick if I cannot see outside."

Worth noting

She says her own seat is the middle one, so the window seat was not hers.

What made Rohan decide to let her keep the seat?

Options for question 82

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · He noticed how anxious she was, holding her bag very tightly

  1. Just before he decides, he looks at "the old woman's hands, which were holding the bag very tightly", a sign of her worry.

Worth noting

He had planned for weeks to sit by the window, so he gave it up only out of kindness.

What did the old woman offer Rohan during the journey?

Options for question 83

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AnswerD · Two laddoos she had made herself

  1. She "offered him two laddoos she had made herself".

Worth noting

The parathas belonged to the family next to him.

"The parathas smelled so good it was almost painful." This means

Options for question 84

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AnswerC · Rohan badly wanted to eat them but could not

  1. The smell was so tempting that not being able to eat them felt almost like pain.

Worth noting

The phrase is an exaggeration for strong desire, not real pain.

What does the last line, "He did not mind as much as he had expected", suggest?

Options for question 85

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AnswerA · The kindness he showed, and received, made up for the journey he had planned

  1. He lost his view, but gained the old woman's company, her laddoos and her story.

Worth noting

The line is quietly positive; it does not suggest regret.

The tea stall reader

Narrative · 240 words · 5 questions

The tea stall reader

Every morning at six, Babu opened his father's tea at the corner of the bus stand. By the time the first bus came in, the water was boiling, the glasses were washed, and the newspapers that the stall kept for customers were folded on the bench.

Babu was fourteen and had left school two years earlier, when his father's knee went bad. But he had made a rule for himself. Between customers, he read the newspapers before anyone else did: one Hindi and one English. The English paper was slow work. He kept a small notebook in his pocket and wrote down every word he did not know, to ask about later.

Most customers paid no attention. But one, a schoolteacher who caught the 7:20 bus, began to notice the notebook. One day she asked to see it. She turned the pages for a long time.

"Who explains these words to you?" she asked.

"Nobody," said Babu. "I guess them. Sometimes I am wrong."

The next morning she came with an old and a form for the open school, where students could study at home and sit the exams later. "You will have to read even more," she warned.

Babu looked at the dictionary, then at the stove. "Tea first," he said, and poured her a glass. "Then reading."

She laughed, and from that day she paid for her tea and stayed until the 7:40.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
stall
a small open shop, often by the roadside
neatly
in a tidy, careful way
dictionary
a book that lists words and explains their meanings

Why had Babu left school?

Options for question 86

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · His father's knee went bad and he had to run the stall

  1. He "had left school two years earlier, when his father's knee went bad", and now opens his father's stall.

Worth noting

Nothing suggests he disliked school; he still studies on his own.

What did Babu use his small notebook for?

Options for question 87

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AnswerA · To write down English words he did not know

  1. "He kept a small notebook in his pocket and wrote down every word he did not know."

Worth noting

It was for learning, not for the stall's business.

Why did the teacher bring a dictionary and a form for the open school?

Options for question 88

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · She was impressed by his effort and wanted to help him continue his studies

  1. She looked through his notebook "for a long time" and learned that nobody helped him; the next day she brought the means to study and sit exams.

Worth noting

The open school lets students study at home, so it does not require him to leave the stall.

"Tea first," he said. "Then reading." What does this show about Babu?

Options for question 89

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AnswerA · He accepts the help but still takes his responsibility to the stall seriously

  1. He pours her tea before turning to the dictionary: his duty to the stall comes first, but the reading will follow.

Worth noting

The teacher laughs, so the remark is friendly, not rude.

From that day the teacher "stayed until the 7:40". What does this suggest?

Options for question 90

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AnswerB · She was staying longer to help Babu with his reading

  1. She used to catch the 7:20 bus. Waiting for the next one gives her twenty minutes, which follows straight after her offer of help.

Worth noting

The change comes "from that day", the day of the dictionary, which links it to Babu.

The wallet on the seat

Narrative · 239 words · 5 questions

The wallet on the seat

When Imran got off the bus at Shivaji Nagar, he noticed a brown lying on the seat beside the door. Inside were four thousand rupees, an Aadhaar card, a bank card and a photograph of a small girl in a school uniform.

Four thousand rupees was more than Imran earned in two weeks at the . For a moment he thought about how many things it could buy. Then he looked at the photograph again.

The address on the card was across the city, an hour away. Imran had planned to watch the cricket match at his friend's house that evening. Instead he took two more buses.

The house was a small one in a lane. A thin man in a vest opened the door, and when he saw the wallet his face went pale and then red.

"I have been looking for it all afternoon," he said. "That money is my daughter's school . The last date is tomorrow."

He tried to give Imran five hundred rupees. Imran shook his head. The man then tried to give him two hundred for the bus. Imran shook his head again, and the man's daughter, the girl from the photograph, came out to see who was at the door.

On the way home Imran missed the whole match. His friend told him India had won by six wickets. Imran said he knew, and that he had been somewhere better.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
wallet
a small flat case for money and cards
garage
a place where cars and bikes are repaired
crowded
full of people
fee
money paid for a service, such as school

What was inside the wallet?

Options for question 91

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AnswerA · Four thousand rupees, an Aadhaar card, a bank card and a photograph

  1. "Inside were four thousand rupees, an Aadhaar card, a bank card and a photograph of a small girl in a school uniform."

Worth noting

The photograph is a key detail, because it makes Imran think of the owner's family.

What seems to make Imran decide to return the wallet?

Options for question 92

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Looking again at the photograph of the girl

  1. After thinking of what the money could buy, "he looked at the photograph again" and set off.

Worth noting

The house was "across the city, an hour away", far from where he was going.

Why was the money so important to its owner?

Options for question 93

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AnswerB · It was his daughter's school fees, due the next day

  1. "That money is my daughter's school fees. The last date is tomorrow."

Worth noting

The photograph of a girl in uniform connects to this reason.

Why does Imran refuse even two hundred rupees for the bus?

Options for question 94

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AnswerD · He wants no reward for doing what is right, and knows the family needs the money

  1. He had just heard the money was for school fees, and he shakes his head at every offer.

Worth noting

Imran earns little, so it is not that he has plenty; he chooses not to take it.

"He had been somewhere better." What does Imran mean?

Options for question 95

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AnswerA · Returning the wallet and seeing the family's relief meant more to him than the match

  1. He missed the match he had planned to watch, but he saw the father's relief and the girl from the photograph.

Worth noting

He did not see the match at all; "better" refers to what he did instead.

The first night in the hostel

Narrative · 239 words · 5 questions

The first night in the hostel

The hostel room had two iron beds, two cupboards, one window and one fan that turned slowly and made a ticking sound. Pooja's had not arrived yet. When her parents left at six, after her mother had made the bed twice and her father had checked the window lock three times, the room felt very large and very quiet.

She . She ate the theplas her mother had packed. She tried to read, and found that she had read the same paragraph four times. At nine she called home. Her mother answered on the first ring, and Pooja realised her mother had been holding the phone, waiting.

They talked about nothing for ten minutes: the food, the fan, the weather in Ahmedabad. Neither of them said they were sad. After the call, Pooja felt a little better and a little worse.

At ten there was a knock at the door. A girl stood there with a steel in each hand.

"I'm from the room next door," she said. "My name is Farah. I heard your fan ticking and thought you must be new. Mine ticks too. Do you want some hot milk? My mother says it helps on the first night."

They sat on Pooja's bed and drank the milk and compared their mothers' , which were almost exactly the same. By eleven they were laughing. Pooja did not notice when the fan stopped sounding so loud.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
roommate
a person who shares a room with you
unpack
to take things out of a bag or box
tumbler
a drinking glass or cup without a handle
instruction
advice about how to do something

How do we know Pooja's parents were worried as they left?

Options for question 96

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AnswerC · Her mother made the bed twice and her father checked the window lock three times

  1. The repeated bed-making and lock-checking show their worry.

Worth noting

The story never says they cried; it shows their feelings through their actions.

Pooja "read the same paragraph four times". What does this suggest?

Options for question 97

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AnswerD · She was too homesick and unsettled to concentrate

  1. The room "felt very large and very quiet" after her parents left; her mind was elsewhere.

Worth noting

The book is not described at all; the point is her state of mind.

"Her mother answered on the first ring." What does this tell Pooja?

Options for question 98

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AnswerB · Her mother had been holding the phone, waiting for her call

  1. The story says Pooja "realised her mother had been holding the phone, waiting".

Worth noting

Answering at once shows how much her mother was thinking of her too.

After the call, Pooja "felt a little better and a little worse". Why might she feel both?

Options for question 99

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AnswerB · Hearing her mother comforted her, but also reminded her how far from home she was

  1. They talked "about nothing", and "Neither of them said they were sad", which suggests both were hiding the same feeling.

Worth noting

The call had no bad news; the mixed feeling comes from missing home.

What finally makes Pooja feel at home?

Options for question 100

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AnswerD · A friendly visit from Farah, a new girl next door going through the same thing

  1. Farah brings hot milk, and they compare their mothers' "almost exactly the same" instructions until they are laughing.

Worth noting

The roommate still "had not arrived", and the fan is not fixed; Pooja simply stops noticing it.

The nest on the air-conditioner

Narrative · 232 words · 5 questions

The nest on the air-conditioner

In April, two pigeons began to build a nest on the air-conditioner outside the Mehtas' kitchen window. Mr Mehta wanted to clear it away at once. "They make a mess," he said, "and the noise starts at five in the morning."

But his younger daughter, Riya, who was nine, him to wait. She had already given the pigeons names: Laddoo and Jalebi.

Mr Mehta gave in, . Within a week there were two white eggs in the untidy nest of twigs. Riya checked them every morning before school. She made a chart and stuck it on the fridge: "Day 1", "Day 2", "Day 3".

Then came a problem. The summer was very hot, and the family could not run the air-conditioner without blowing hot air straight onto the nest. For eighteen days, the Mehtas slept with the windows open and the ceiling fan on high, and complained about the heat at breakfast.

On the eighteenth day Riya screamed so loudly that her father dropped his tea. Two small, ugly, yellow-feathered chicks had . Two weeks later they were their wings on the edge of the air-conditioner, and one morning they were gone.

Mr Mehta turned the air-conditioner on that night and said it was a great relief. But the next morning, Riya found him at the kitchen window, looking at the empty nest, and he did not clear it away.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
beg
to ask for something very strongly and anxiously
grumble
to complain in a low, unhappy voice
hatch
(of a young bird) to come out of its egg
flap
to move wings up and down

Why did Mr Mehta first want to remove the nest?

Options for question 101

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · He said the pigeons made a mess and noise early in the morning

  1. "They make a mess," he said, "and the noise starts at five in the morning."

Worth noting

He gives two reasons, mess and noise; no landlord is mentioned.

What does Riya's chart on the fridge show about her?

Options for question 102

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AnswerC · She was excited and was eagerly counting the days until the eggs hatched

  1. She checked the eggs "every morning before school" and recorded "Day 1", "Day 2", "Day 3".

Worth noting

She had named the birds and begged to keep them, so she did not want them gone.

Why could the family not use the air-conditioner for eighteen days?

Options for question 103

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AnswerA · It would have blown hot air straight onto the nest

  1. The family "could not run the air-conditioner without blowing hot air straight onto the nest".

Worth noting

The weather was "very hot", which is why the sacrifice was hard.

"Mr Mehta gave in, grumbling." This means he agreed

Options for question 104

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AnswerD · while complaining in a low, unhappy voice

  1. Grumbling is quiet complaining; he agreed to wait, but not cheerfully.

Worth noting

Shouting would be louder than grumbling.

At the end, Mr Mehta looks at the empty nest and "did not clear it away". What does this suggest?

Options for question 105

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AnswerA · In spite of his complaints, he had grown fond of the birds

  1. He called the birds' leaving "a great relief", yet the next morning he stands looking at the nest and leaves it there.

Worth noting

His words and his actions do not match; the action shows his real feeling.

Four lines

Narrative · 251 words · 5 questions

Four lines

Tanvi had only four lines in the school play. She was the who ran onto the stage in the second act, shouted that the king's army was coming, and ran off again. She had practised the lines so often that her little brother could say them in his sleep.

But when the curtain opened on the night of the play, and she saw the hall full of parents and teachers and the bright lights shining in her face, her mind went completely empty. She could not remember the first word. She could not remember anything.

From the side of the stage, she watched the king and queen talking. Her turn was coming closer. Her hands were wet. She thought about running out of the back door of the hall and going home.

Then she noticed Mr D'Souza, the drama teacher, sitting on a stool in the dark corner beside the curtain with the on his knees. He looked up, saw her face and smiled. He did not say anything. He just pointed at his own chest and then at the stage, as if to say: you know this. It is in here.

Her came. Tanvi ran onto the stage. She opened her mouth, and the four lines came out, loud and clear, as if they had been waiting for her all along.

Afterwards, her brother told her she had shouted so loudly that a baby in the third row had cried. Tanvi decided to take that as .

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
messenger
a person who carries a message
script
the written words of a play or film
cue
a signal, such as a word, for an actor to speak or act
praise
words that show you admire someone

What was Tanvi's part in the play?

Options for question 106

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · A messenger with four lines

  1. "She was the messenger who ran onto the stage in the second act, shouted that the king's army was coming, and ran off again."

Worth noting

The king and queen were other characters on stage.

Why did Tanvi's mind go "completely empty"?

Options for question 107

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Seeing the full hall and bright lights filled her with stage fright

  1. The blankness came when "she saw the hall full of parents and teachers and the bright lights shining in her face".

Worth noting

She had practised so often that her brother knew the lines, so she had learnt them.

What did Mr D'Souza mean by pointing at his chest and then at the stage?

Options for question 108

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AnswerA · The lines were already inside her, and she could go on and say them

  1. The story explains the gesture: "as if to say: you know this. It is in here."

Worth noting

He says nothing aloud, but his smile and gesture give her confidence.

"Her cue came." A "cue" is

Options for question 109

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AnswerD · the signal for an actor to begin speaking or acting

  1. Right after her cue comes, "Tanvi ran onto the stage": the cue told her it was her turn.

Worth noting

The curtain had already opened at the start of the play.

"Tanvi decided to take that as praise." What is the tone of this last line?

Options for question 110

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AnswerD · Light and humorous

  1. Making a baby cry is not usually a compliment, but Tanvi chooses to treat it as proof of how well she performed.

Worth noting

The story ends happily, with a gentle joke, after her fear on stage.

The moving room

Narrative · 269 words · 5 questions

The moving room

Somu had come to the city from his village for an interview at a bank. The bank was on the eleventh floor of a glass building, and in the a guard pointed him towards a steel door with buttons beside it.

Somu had never been in a lift. He had seen them in films, where people stepped in and out without thinking. But when the doors opened and he saw the small bright box, with a mirror on one wall and four strangers already standing inside, his feet would not move.

The doors began to close. A woman in a blue saree put her hand out and held them open.

"Coming?" she asked.

Somu stepped in. The doors shut, and the floor pushed gently up under his feet. His stomach seemed to stay behind on the ground floor. He held the rail so tightly that his went pale, and stared at the numbers changing above the door: 3, 4, 5.

The woman in the blue saree seemed to understand. "My first time, I closed my eyes," she said quietly. "It helps. Eleven floors is not far."

At the eleventh floor the doors opened, and Somu stepped out onto the as carefully as if it might move too.

The interview went well. When it ended, the manager shook his hand, and Somu saw that she was the woman in the blue saree. "You were nervous in the lift," she said, "but you came in anyway. That is what I look for."

That evening, he took the stairs down. All eleven floors. He was smiling the whole way.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
lobby
the entrance hall of a large building
knuckle
one of the joints of the fingers
carpet
a thick floor covering made of wool or other material

Why had Somu come to the city?

Options for question 111

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AnswerA · For an interview at a bank

  1. "Somu had come to the city from his village for an interview at a bank."

Worth noting

He had seen lifts in films, but he had come for an interview.

Why did Somu's feet "not move" when the lift doors opened?

Options for question 112

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AnswerC · He was frightened of entering a lift for the first time

  1. "Somu had never been in a lift", and the small box full of strangers made him freeze.

Worth noting

There were four people inside, but there was room, since the woman invited him in.

"His stomach seemed to stay behind on the ground floor." This describes

Options for question 113

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AnswerB · the strange feeling in the body when a lift starts moving up

  1. As the lift rose, he felt as if part of him had not moved with it, a common feeling the first time in a lift.

Worth noting

The phrase is a figure of speech; nothing was actually left behind.

Who was the woman in the blue saree?

Options for question 114

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AnswerD · The manager who interviewed him

  1. "The manager shook his hand, and Somu saw that she was the woman in the blue saree."

Worth noting

The guard was a different person, in the lobby.

What does the manager mean by "You were nervous in the lift, but you came in anyway. That is what I look for"?

Options for question 115

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AnswerA · She values people who face their fears instead of letting fear stop them

  1. He was afraid, yet he stepped in when she held the door. She sees that courage as a quality worth hiring.

Worth noting

She admires acting in spite of fear, not having no fear at all.

The vegetable seller's sums

Narrative · 240 words · 5 questions

The vegetable seller's sums

Every evening, Kamla sold vegetables from a at the corner of Gandhi Road. She had never been to school, but she could add up a bill for six kinds of vegetables, take a five-hundred-rupee note and count out the change faster than any customer could check it on a phone.

One evening a college boy bought two kilos of onions, one kilo of tomatoes and half a kilo of beans. Kamla said, "One hundred and forty," before he had even put his wallet away.

The boy took out his phone and did the sum. "How did you do that so fast?" he asked.

Kamla laughed. "Onions are forty, so two kilos are eighty. Tomatoes are forty. Beans are forty a kilo, so half is twenty. Eighty and forty and twenty." She shrugged. "I have been doing this since I was ten."

The boy studied . He told her that in his class they were learning about and margins, and that he found it difficult. Kamla asked what a was. He explained: the difference between what you pay for something and what you sell it for.

She thought for a moment. "I buy tomatoes at the mandi for twenty-eight and sell them for forty," she said. "But one kilo in every ten goes bad. So my real margin is less."

The boy stared at her. "That," he said, "is exactly what our professor took an hour to explain."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
cart
a small vehicle pushed by hand, used for selling goods
commerce
the study or activity of buying and selling
profit
money gained after paying all costs
margin
the difference between the cost of something and the price it is sold for

How much did the boy's vegetables cost?

Options for question 116

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AnswerB · 140 rupees

  1. Two kilos of onions at forty are eighty, tomatoes are forty and half a kilo of beans is twenty: "Eighty and forty and twenty", which is 140.

Worth noting

Kamla gives the total at once: "One hundred and forty."

How did Kamla learn to do sums so quickly?

Options for question 117

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AnswerA · She had been doing it every day since she was ten

  1. "I have been doing this since I was ten."

Worth noting

The story says she "had never been to school".

According to the passage, what is a "margin"?

Options for question 118

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AnswerD · The difference between what you pay for something and what you sell it for

  1. The boy explains it: "the difference between what you pay for something and what you sell it for."

Worth noting

"Margin" can mean the edge of a page, but here the passage defines it for trade.

Why does Kamla say her "real margin is less" than the difference between 28 and 40?

Options for question 119

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AnswerA · Some tomatoes go bad and cannot be sold, which reduces what she really earns

  1. "One kilo in every ten goes bad", so she pays for tomatoes she cannot sell, and her actual gain is smaller.

Worth noting

The reason she gives is waste, not discounts or rising prices.

What is the point of the boy's final remark?

Options for question 120

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AnswerD · Kamla understands from experience what he is struggling to learn in college

  1. She explains "real margin" in a few sentences, which "our professor took an hour to explain."

Worth noting

The remark praises Kamla's practical knowledge; it is not mainly a complaint about the professor.

The river that came to school

Narrative · 238 words · 5 questions

The river that came to school

The water arrived at the school a day before it was expected, which was the only reason anyone was still there to see it. Mrs Baruah had come in on the Sunday to move the library books to the upper floor, and she had brought her son Dipen to carry the heavy boxes.

By noon the playground was a brown lake. By two, it was at the second step. Dipen, who was fourteen and had spent the morning complaining about the boxes, stopped complaining.

They carried everything they could reach: the books, the new computer, the that held forty years of names. When the stairs to the ground floor had disappeared under the water, they sat on the upper landing and watched it , slowly and quite calmly, into the classroom where Dipen had learnt to read.

"We saved the books," his mother said. It was not quite a question.

"Not the benches," said Dipen. "Not the blackboards." He was quiet for a while. "Not the drawings on the wall."

The rescue boat came at . Dipen climbed in last. From the water he looked back at the upper windows, where rows of books stood safe and dry behind the glass, and found that he was not sure whether he wanted to laugh or to cry.

A month later, when the school opened again in borrowed rooms, the library was the first thing to be unpacked.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
lap
for water to touch something gently, again and again
register
an official book with a list of names or records
creep
to move slowly and quietly
dusk
the time of evening when it is getting dark

Why were Mrs Baruah and Dipen at the school on a Sunday?

Options for question 121

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AnswerB · To move the library books to the upper floor

  1. The first paragraph says she had come in "to move the library books to the upper floor", and brought Dipen "to carry the heavy boxes".

Worth noting

The rescue boat came later, at dusk. They were not there waiting for it.

Why did Dipen stop complaining?

Options for question 122

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AnswerB · The rising water made the danger real, and his small complaint no longer mattered

  1. The sentence comes straight after the water reaches the second step.

  2. Faced with a flood entering his school, a complaint about heavy boxes suddenly seemed small, so he stopped.

Worth noting

The story does not say anyone told him to stop. The placing of the sentence, right after the rising water, shows the reason.

"It was not quite a question." This suggests that Mrs Baruah's words "We saved the books"

Options for question 123

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AnswerA · were a statement she partly wanted Dipen to agree with

  1. "Not quite a question" means she was stating it, but also half asking for reassurance that it was true and that it mattered.

  2. Dipen's reply, listing what they had not saved, answers that unspoken question.

Worth noting

Nothing in the scene is angry or joking. It is a quiet moment of loss.

Why was Dipen "not sure whether he wanted to laugh or to cry"?

Options for question 124

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AnswerD · He felt both relief at what was saved and sadness at what was lost

  1. He sees the books "safe and dry behind the glass", which is a relief, while the classroom where he learnt to read is under water.

  2. Mixed feelings, relief and grief together, are what make him unsure whether to laugh or cry.

Worth noting

Nothing suggests he was frightened of the boat or angry with his mother. The feeling comes from what he is looking at.

Why does the story end with the library being "the first thing to be unpacked"?

Options for question 125

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AnswerC · To show that the effort to save the books had been worth it, and that the school's life went on

  1. The story's work was saving the books. Ending with them unpacked first shows that the effort mattered and that the school was starting again.

Worth noting

The ending is about what the books meant to the school, not their price. "Most valuable" in money is not what the story is saying.

A lunchbox of two halves

Narrative · 218 words · 5 questions

A lunchbox of two halves

On her first day at the new school in Pune, Anjali ate lunch alone, because she did not know anyone and because her lunchbox smelled of fish curry. She had noticed the girl beside her when she opened it.

On the second day, she asked her mother for sandwiches.

Her mother looked at her for a moment and then, without a word, packed the fish curry again, with extra rice.

Anjali was all morning. At lunch she opened the box as little as she could, holding the lid half-closed like a . That was when a voice behind her said, "Is that macher jhol?"

It was a tall boy from the back row, Rohan, whom she had heard the teacher twice already. He was holding a steel box of his own. "My dadi makes it," he said, "but hers is always too spicy. Swap you half for half?"

His box held poha, bright yellow and dotted with peanuts. Anjali, who had eaten poha every week of her life in Kolkata and never once liked it, found that it was the best thing she had tasted in a month.

By Friday, four of them were sharing. Nobody asked for sandwiches again. Anjali never told her mother what had happened; she her mother had guessed.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (5)
edge away
to move slowly away from someone or something, a little at a time
furious
extremely angry
shield
something held up to protect you
scold
to speak angrily to someone because they have done something wrong
suspect
to think that something is probably true, without being sure

Why did Anjali ask her mother for sandwiches on the second day?

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AnswerB · She felt embarrassed because her lunch had made a classmate move away

  1. On the first day, she noticed the girl beside her "edge away" when she opened her lunchbox, which smelled of fish curry.

  2. She wanted a lunch that would not make her stand out.

Worth noting

She never says she dislikes fish curry. Her reason is how others reacted to it.

Anjali held the lid "half-closed like a shield". The comparison shows that she was

Options for question 127

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AnswerA · trying to hide her food from the others

  1. A shield is held up for protection. She holds the lid so that as little of her lunch as possible can be seen or smelt.

  2. The comparison shows she was hiding her food, as if protecting herself from the others' reactions.

Worth noting

"Proudly" is the opposite: she opened the box "as little as she could".

What does the story suggest about why Anjali's mother packed the fish curry again?

Options for question 128

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AnswerC · She did not want Anjali to hide who she was

  1. She "looked at her for a moment" before packing it, which shows she heard and thought about the request.

  2. The last line, that Anjali "suspected her mother had guessed", suggests the mother understood more than she said, and chose not to let her daughter hide her home food.

Worth noting

She clearly heard the request; the pause before packing shows a choice, not a mistake.

Why did Anjali find the poha "the best thing she had tasted in a month", though she had never liked it before?

Options for question 129

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AnswerD · Sharing it was her first friendly moment at the new school

  1. Until then she had eaten alone and felt judged for her food. Rohan's offer to swap was the first act of friendship in the new school.

  2. The poha tastes wonderful because of what the moment means to her, not because the food has changed.

Worth noting

Nothing in the story says the poha was made differently. The change is in Anjali's situation.

Which title would best suit the story?

Options for question 130

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AnswerD · Sharing Makes a Stranger a Friend

  1. The story moves from Anjali eating alone to four children sharing lunch. The sharing is what turns her from a stranger into a friend.

Worth noting

Rohan matters, but the story is about Anjali's change. A title naming him alone is too narrow.

The tree man of the highway

Narrative · 239 words · 5 questions

The tree man of the highway

Nobody in the village could remember exactly when Hari Prasad started planting trees along the highway. Some said it was the year his son left for the city; others said it was after the long , when the bare road so fiercely in the heat that the buses would not stop.

What everybody remembered was the watering. Every evening for thirty years, he walked the four kilometres to the last with two buckets on a pole across his shoulders, and walked back in the dark. People laughed at first. Then they stopped laughing and started giving him directions to places where a tree would grow.

The trees grew slowly, as trees do. A tree planted by a man of forty gives its best shade to a man of seventy. By the time Hari Prasad's neem and peepal trees had met over the road, he walked with a stick, and a boy from the school carried the buckets.

Last summer a came from the city to ask him why he had done it. He thought about the question for a long time.

"I was hot," he said at last. "The road was hot. I thought, somebody should do something."

"But why you?"

He looked up at the green roof over the road, where a lorry had stopped in the shade and its driver was asleep in the cab.

"I was the somebody who was there," he said.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
drought
a long period with little or no rain
shimmer
to shine with a soft light that seems to shake
sapling
a young tree
journalist
a person who writes news for newspapers, websites or television

How did Hari Prasad carry water to the trees?

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AnswerA · In two buckets on a pole across his shoulders

  1. The second paragraph says he walked "with two buckets on a pole across his shoulders".

Worth noting

A lorry appears only at the end, stopped in the shade. It had nothing to do with the watering.

What does the change from "People laughed at first" to "started giving him directions" show?

Options for question 132

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AnswerC · The villagers began to respect and help his work

  1. At first the villagers laughed at him. Later they "stopped laughing" and suggested places where trees would grow.

  2. Mockery turned into support as they saw what he was doing.

Worth noting

"Giving him directions" means telling him where to plant, not that he was lost.

"A tree planted by a man of forty gives its best shade to a man of seventy." What does this sentence suggest?

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AnswerB · The rewards of planting trees come slowly, many years later

  1. The sentence follows "The trees grew slowly, as trees do". It measures that slowness in a human life: thirty years between planting and the best shade.

  2. So planting a tree is work whose reward comes much later, often to others.

Worth noting

Hari Prasad started at around forty, not seventy. The sentence is about time passing, not his age at the start.

The road "shimmered so fiercely in the heat" means it

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AnswerD · seemed to shake and shine because it was so hot

  1. In great heat, the air above a road makes it seem to wobble and shine. That is what "shimmered" describes.

  2. The sentence connects it to the heat, and to buses that would not stop on the bare road.

Worth noting

A shimmering road can look wet from far away, but the passage is describing heat, not water.

What does Hari Prasad mean by "I was the somebody who was there"?

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AnswerA · Instead of waiting for someone else to act, he acted because he could

  1. He first says, "somebody should do something". When asked "why you?", he answers that he was the somebody who was there.

  2. He means that the need was in front of him, so the job was his, rather than something to leave to others.

Worth noting

A journalist came to see him, but nothing he says suggests he wanted fame. His answer is modest.

The library card

Narrative · 245 words · 5 questions

The library card

Rohit went into the library the first time only because it was raining and the bus shelter had no roof. He stood by the door, hoping nobody would ask him to leave.

The , a thin man with glasses pushed up on his forehead, looked at him over the counter. "You'll need a card," he said, "if you want to stay."

"I don't want to read anything," said Rohit. "I'm waiting for the rain to stop."

"Then you'll need a card to wait," said the librarian, and began filling in a form without asking whether Rohit agreed.

The card cost nothing. It had Rohit's name spelt wrongly on it, and a stamp that said MEMBER. Rohit put it in his pocket and forgot it.

He found it again a week later, and because it was raining again, he went back. The librarian nodded at him as if he had been expected. That day Rohit took down a book about volcanoes, only to have something to hold. He read it standing up, then sitting down, and when he looked up the rain had stopped and the lights had been switched on.

He came back the next day, when it was not raining at all.

Years later, when he had his own name on the of a book, he sent the first copy to the district library. Inside, he wrote only one line: "For the man who said I needed a card to wait."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
district
an area of a country or state, often with its own offices
drip
to let drops of liquid fall
librarian
a person who works in or looks after a library
spine
the back of the body; here, the narrow back edge of a book that shows its title

Why did Rohit first go into the library?

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AnswerB · It was raining and the bus shelter had no roof

  1. The first sentence says he went in "only because it was raining and the bus shelter had no roof".

Worth noting

The book on volcanoes comes later, on his second visit.

Why did the librarian say "Then you'll need a card to wait"?

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AnswerA · He was kindly finding a way to draw Rohit into the library

  1. Rohit says he does not want to read, only to wait. The librarian turns this into another reason for a card, and fills in the form without asking.

  2. It is a gentle trick to make Rohit a member, not a real rule.

Worth noting

The card "cost nothing", so the librarian was not after money.

What does the librarian nodding "as if he had been expected" suggest?

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AnswerD · The librarian had been hoping Rohit would come back

  1. Rohit had come only once before, by chance. The nod suggests the librarian had quietly hoped he would return.

Worth noting

There was no appointment; Rohit came back only because it was raining again.

What is the importance of "He came back the next day, when it was not raining at all"?

Options for question 139

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AnswerD · It shows that Rohit now came to the library because he wanted to, not for shelter

  1. Until then, rain was his only reason for going in.

  2. Coming back on a dry day shows that the library itself, and reading, had become his reason.

Worth noting

The sentence is short and set apart for a reason: it marks the moment Rohit changes.

What does the ending show?

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AnswerC · Rohit became a writer, and never forgot the librarian's small kindness

  1. Rohit had his "own name on the spine of a book", so he became a writer.

  2. He sent the first copy to the library, with a line thanking "the man who said I needed a card to wait".

Worth noting

The note uses the librarian's own words, which shows how clearly Rohit remembered them.

The fisherwoman and the radio

Narrative · 213 words · 5 questions

The fisherwoman and the radio

The radio said the weather would be fine. It said so in two languages, and then played a film song, as if to prove it.

Old Janaki, who had been mending nets on the beach since before the radio was invented, looked at the sky and did not agree. The sea was too flat. The gulls had gone . There was a in the air that she could feel in her knees.

"Tell the boys not to go far out," she said to her grandson.

"The radio says it's fine, Aaji."

"The radio lives in a box in Mumbai. I live here."

The boys went out anyway, but not far. Most of them stayed within sight of the shore, , and came back early with a poor catch and a good deal of bad temper.

At four o'clock the wind came. It came all at once, the way a slap comes, and turned the flat sea into a field of white. The boats that had stayed near the shore were pulled up on the sand in twenty minutes. The radio, a little later, announced that there might be strong winds along the coast.

That evening the boys brought Janaki the best fish from their poor catch, and did not grumble at all.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
inland
away from the coast, towards the middle of a country
heaviness
a feeling of weight or of the air being thick and still
grumble
to complain in a low, unhappy voice

What signs made Janaki believe bad weather was coming?

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AnswerC · The flat sea, the gulls flying inland and a heaviness in the air

  1. The second paragraph lists them: "The sea was too flat. The gulls had gone inland. There was a heaviness in the air."

Worth noting

The radio said the weather would be fine. Janaki trusted the signs, not the radio.

What does Janaki mean by "The radio lives in a box in Mumbai. I live here"?

Options for question 142

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AnswerA · She trusts her own experience of this place more than a distant forecast

  1. She has watched this sea all her life. The radio's forecast comes from far away.

  2. She means that she knows the local signs better than a voice that does not live here.

Worth noting

She is not saying the radio is broken, only that it does not know this beach as she does.

"It came all at once, the way a slap comes." The comparison suggests that the wind arrived

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AnswerB · suddenly and sharply

  1. A slap is sudden and stinging, with no warning.

  2. The comparison shows that the wind struck all at once, turning the flat sea white.

Worth noting

The sea had been "too flat" before, which makes the sudden change more striking.

Why is the radio's later announcement mentioned?

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AnswerD · To show, with irony, that the forecast came too late to help

  1. The radio warns of strong winds only "a little later", after the wind has already come and the boats are safe.

  2. The detail is ironic: the official warning arrives after it is needed.

Worth noting

The story shows Janaki was right and the radio was wrong, so it does not suggest the radio was more reliable.

What does the boys' behaviour that evening show?

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AnswerB · They had come to see that Janaki was right, and were grateful

  1. They bring her "the best fish from their poor catch" and do not grumble "at all", after grumbling all morning.

  2. The change shows gratitude and new respect for her warning.

Worth noting

Their catch was poor, which makes giving her the best of it more meaningful.

The first bus of the morning

Narrative · 238 words · 5 questions

The first bus of the morning

Every morning at five forty, the first bus from the stopped at the corner of Station Road, and every morning the same old woman got on with a steel and a folded umbrella, whatever the weather.

Harish, the driver, had been on the route for nine years. He knew that she worked in the kitchen of a hospital across the river, that she sat in the second seat on the left, and that she said "Ram Ram" when she got on and "Jai Shri Krishna" when she got off. He did not know her name.

One Monday she was not at the corner.

Harish waited, which he was not supposed to do. He waited one minute, then two. A passenger in the back began to complain. Harish pulled away, but he drove the rest of the route more slowly than usual, looking at every stop as if she might be at the wrong one.

On Tuesday she was back, with a on her wrist.

"I slipped," she said, before he could ask. "Only a ."

Harish nodded, and took her tiffin carrier and put it on the seat for her, which in nine years he had never done.

"You waited yesterday," she said. "The conductor on the second bus told me. You made them all late."

"Only two minutes," said Harish.

"Two minutes," she said, sitting down, "is a long time to be missed."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
depot
a place where buses or trains are kept, or goods are stored
tiffin carrier
a set of metal food boxes stacked together, with a handle
bandage
a strip of cloth wrapped round an injury
sprain
an injury to a joint caused by twisting it

What did Harish NOT know about the old woman?

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AnswerD · Her name

  1. The second paragraph lists what he knew, then ends: "He did not know her name."

Worth noting

He knew she worked in a hospital kitchen, sat in the second seat on the left, and said "Ram Ram" when she got on.

Why did Harish drive the rest of the route "more slowly than usual"?

Options for question 147

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AnswerC · He was looking out for her at every stop, worried about her

  1. The story says he looked "at every stop as if she might be at the wrong one".

  2. He was concerned about her, though they had never really spoken.

Worth noting

A passenger was complaining about the delay, so nobody asked him to go slower.

Why is it important that Harish took her tiffin carrier, "which in nine years he had never done"?

Options for question 148

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AnswerB · It shows that her absence made him realise how much he cared

  1. Her bandaged wrist gives a reason, but the story stresses that he had never done it in nine years.

  2. Missing her for a day had changed how he treated her.

Worth noting

The wrist is part of the reason, but the phrase "in nine years he had never done" points to a change in him.

"Only a sprain" suggests that her injury was

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AnswerD · not very serious

  1. "Only" plays it down; a sprain is a twisted joint, painful but minor.

Worth noting

The bandage is on her wrist, not her ankle.

What does the old woman mean by "Two minutes is a long time to be missed"?

Options for question 150

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AnswerA · Being waited for, even briefly, showed her that she mattered to someone

  1. Harish said he waited "only two minutes". She turns his words around: to be missed at all, for two minutes, means a great deal.

  2. She is thanking him for noticing her absence.

Worth noting

She does not scold him for making others late; she is touched that he waited.

The unfinished painting

Narrative · 224 words · 5 questions

The unfinished painting

Leela's grandfather had been painting the same picture for eleven years: a view of the hills from the window of his room, with the river at the bottom and the temple on the .

It was never finished. Every few months he would add a tree, or a cloud, or change the colour of the river from blue to grey and then, after the , back to blue. When visitors asked when it would be done, he said, "When the hills stop changing."

After he died, the family decided to sell the house. Leela's uncle wanted to throw the painting away, since it was unfinished and nobody would buy it. Leela asked if she could keep it.

She hung it in her room in the city, which had a window that looked out on a car park and a water tank. For a long time she did not touch it.

Then, one evening, she noticed that the light in the painting was wrong. It was morning light, the light of the old room, and it was evening where she was. She took out the old man's paints, which she had kept in a shoebox, and very carefully, with the smallest brush, she painted the sky a little warmer.

It was the first thing she had added. It would not be the last.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
ridge
a long, narrow high piece of land along the top of a hill
monsoon
the season of heavy rain in South Asia, roughly June to September
paint out
to cover something in a picture with paint so it can no longer be seen

How long had the grandfather been painting the picture?

Options for question 151

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AnswerB · Eleven years

  1. The first sentence says he "had been painting the same picture for eleven years".

Worth noting

The monsoon is when he changed the river's colour, not how long he painted.

What does the grandfather mean by "When the hills stop changing"?

Options for question 152

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AnswerA · The painting would never be finished, because the view kept changing with time and seasons

  1. The hills, river and sky change with the seasons, and he kept changing the painting to match: adding trees, changing the river from blue to grey and back.

  2. Since the hills never stop changing, the painting would never be done.

Worth noting

The answer is a gentle joke with a serious meaning: he enjoyed the work more than finishing it.

Why did Leela ask to keep the painting?

Options for question 153

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AnswerC · It meant a great deal to her, because her grandfather had worked on it for years

  1. Her uncle wanted to throw it away "since it was unfinished and nobody would buy it". She keeps it because of what it meant, not its value.

Worth noting

The story says nobody would buy it, which rules out a good price as her reason.

Why did Leela paint the sky "a little warmer"?

Options for question 154

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AnswerD · She began changing the painting to match the light around her now, as he had done with his view

  1. She notices the painting shows morning light, while in her room it is evening. She changes the sky to fit the light where she lives now.

  2. In doing so she continues her grandfather's way of painting: always changing the picture as the world changes.

Worth noting

She paints "very carefully, with the smallest brush", which shows respect for his work, not dislike.

What does the final line, "It would not be the last", suggest?

Options for question 155

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AnswerB · Leela will go on adding to the painting, carrying on her grandfather's work

  1. The first change is described as "the first thing she had added"; "not the last" shows she will keep adding.

  2. The painting stays unfinished, now carried on by her, just as her grandfather intended it never to be finished.

Worth noting

The line looks forward to more changes to the painting, not to anything about the old house.

A pinch of this

Narrative · 211 words · 5 questions

A pinch of this

When Ananya decided to write down her grandmother's recipe for sambar, she came a notebook, a measuring cup and a set of spoons.

"How much toor dal?" she asked.

"Enough," said Paati.

"Enough is not a measurement, Paati."

Paati this. She up the dal in her cupped hand, looked at it, poured a little back into the tin, and tipped the rest into the pot. "That much," she said.

Ananya measured what was left in the tin, it from what had been there before, and wrote down "three-quarters of a cup". She felt quite pleased with herself.

It went on like that all morning. The tamarind was "the size of a small lemon". The salt was "until it tastes right". The sambar powder was "a good spoonful, not a greedy one". Ananya measured, weighed and wrote, and by lunchtime she had two full pages of notes.

The next Sunday, she followed her notes exactly. The sambar was fine. It was, everyone agreed, perfectly good sambar.

It was not Paati's sambar.

When she told her grandmother, Paati laughed and took her hand. "You wrote down my hands," she said. "You did not write down my tongue. That, you will have to cook for twenty years to learn."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
armed with
carrying something useful for a task
consider
to think carefully about something
scoop
to pick something up with a curved hand or spoon
subtract
to take one number away from another

What did Ananya bring to write down the recipe?

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AnswerB · A notebook, a measuring cup and a set of spoons

  1. The first sentence says she came "armed with a notebook, a measuring cup and a set of spoons".

Worth noting

"Armed with" does not mean weapons here; it means carrying useful tools.

Why did Ananya find it hard to write down the recipe?

Options for question 157

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AnswerD · Her grandmother cooked by feel and judgement, not by exact measurements

  1. Paati's answers were "Enough", "the size of a small lemon" and "until it tastes right".

  2. She measured by eye, hand and taste, which Ananya had to turn into numbers.

Worth noting

Paati answered every question; she simply did not think in measurements.

What does "It was not Paati's sambar" suggest?

Options for question 158

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AnswerA · Something in her grandmother's cooking could not be captured by measurements

  1. The sambar was "perfectly good", so nothing was wrong with it; yet it was not the same.

  2. The short, separate sentence stresses that something important was missing that the notes could not hold.

Worth noting

Everyone agreed the sambar was good, so it did not taste bad.

What does Paati mean by "You wrote down my hands. You did not write down my tongue"?

Options for question 159

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AnswerC · Ananya recorded the quantities but not the tasting and judgement that only experience brings

  1. "Hands" stands for the amounts Paati scooped and poured. "Tongue" stands for her sense of taste, adjusting "until it tastes right".

  2. She adds that learning it takes twenty years of cooking, which shows it comes only with experience.

Worth noting

Paati laughs and takes Ananya's hand, so she is not unhappy that the recipe was written down.

The tone of the story is best described as

Options for question 160

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AnswerC · warm and gently humorous

  1. The dialogue is playful ("Enough is not a measurement, Paati") and Paati's descriptions are funny ("a good spoonful, not a greedy one").

  2. It ends with a laugh and a loving gesture.

Worth noting

Ananya's disappointment is brief, and her grandmother turns it into a warm lesson.

The signboard scholar

Narrative · 232 words · 5 questions

The signboard scholar

Salim had driven an auto-rickshaw in the city for eleven years before he decided to learn English, and he learnt it from the signboards.

He started with the ones he passed every day. NO PARKING. KEEP LEFT. SCHOOL AHEAD, DRIVE SLOWLY. He did not know the words, but he knew what they meant, because he had watched what people did when they saw them. So he , from the meaning to the letters.

At red lights he copied words into a notebook he kept in the . In the evenings his daughter, who was in the eighth standard, checked them and taught him how to say them. She was a teacher. She made him repeat "pharmacy" twelve times, because he kept wanting to say it with a P.

By the second year he could read the headlines of the newspaper his passengers left behind. By the third, he could talk to the foreign tourists who waved him down near the museum, and they tipped better when he could tell them the way.

One evening a passenger in a suit, hurrying to the airport, asked if he could help with a word on a form. Salim read it, explained it, and waited while the man wrote.

"Where did you study?" the man asked.

Salim looked out at the lit-up signs of the city past the window.

"Here," he said.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
work backwards
to start from the result and work out how it was reached
glove box
a small cupboard in the front of a vehicle
strict
expecting rules to be obeyed exactly
stream
to move continuously in one direction

How did Salim first begin learning English?

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AnswerD · From the signboards he passed every day

  1. The first paragraph says "he learnt it from the signboards", and the second lists the ones he started with.

Worth noting

His daughter checked his words later, but the signboards were where he began.

How could Salim understand the signs before he could read the words?

Options for question 162

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AnswerA · He had watched how people behaved when they saw them

  1. The story says "he knew what they meant, because he had watched what people did when they saw them".

  2. He then "worked backwards, from the meaning to the letters".

Worth noting

The story says nothing about pictures on the signs; the meaning came from watching people.

Why did his daughter make him repeat "pharmacy" twelve times?

Options for question 163

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AnswerB · He kept wanting to pronounce it with a P sound instead of an F

  1. The story says "he kept wanting to say it with a P", since the word begins with the letters P-H.

  2. Repeating it helped him learn that "ph" sounds like "f".

Worth noting

The problem was pronunciation, not spelling.

His daughter "was a strict teacher". This means she

Options for question 164

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AnswerB · expected him to get things exactly right

  1. The next sentence shows her strictness: she made him repeat a word twelve times until it was right.

Worth noting

Strict does not mean unkind; she checked his words every evening to help him.

What does Salim mean by "Here" at the end?

Options for question 165

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AnswerA · He learnt from the city itself, its signs and streets, not from a school

  1. He looks out at "the lit-up signs of the city" before answering.

  2. The signs of the city had been his classroom, so "Here" is a proud, simple answer.

Worth noting

The glance at the signs just before he speaks tells you what "here" means.

The new bicycle

Narrative · 222 words · 5 questions

The new bicycle

When Diya's little brother got a new bicycle for his birthday, Diya decided to hate it.

It was red, with a bell and a basket and on the handles, and it had been bought new, from the shop. Diya's own bicycle had belonged to a cousin, and before that to another cousin, and before that, her father claimed, to somebody in the Mughal army. Its bell had been silent for years.

For a week she did not look at the red bicycle. She did not say it was nice. When Kabir rode it round the , ringing the bell, she went inside and shut the door.

On the eighth day, Kabir came to find her. He had fallen off twice that morning, and his knee was .

"It goes too fast," he said, near tears. "And it . Yours doesn't wobble."

Diya looked at him. She thought of all the things she could say. Then she went out to the courtyard, held the back of his seat, and ran beside him up and down until her legs hurt and he stopped wobbling.

That evening her father found the two of them oiling the chain of the old bicycle together.

"I thought you hated his bicycle," he said.

"I did," said Diya. "It's hard to hate something when you're holding it up."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
streamer
a long, narrow strip of coloured paper or cloth used for decoration
courtyard
an open space surrounded by walls or buildings
scrape
to damage the skin by rubbing it against something rough
wobble
to move unsteadily from side to side

Why did Diya decide to hate the red bicycle at first?

Options for question 166

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AnswerC · Her brother got a new one, while hers was an old hand-me-down

  1. The story contrasts the new red bicycle "bought new, from the shop" with Diya's, which "had belonged to a cousin, and before that to another cousin".

  2. She was jealous that he had something new while she had an old one.

Worth noting

The story never says Kabir refused to share. Her feeling came from comparing the two bicycles.

Why does the writer say the old bicycle may once have belonged to "somebody in the Mughal army"?

Options for question 167

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · It is the father's joke, exaggerating how old the bicycle was

  1. "Her father claimed" shows this is his playful exaggeration: the bicycle has been passed down so often it seems ancient.

Worth noting

Bicycles did not exist in Mughal times; the line is a joke.

What did Diya decide to do when Kabir came to her crying?

Options for question 168

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · Help him learn to ride by holding his seat and running beside him

  1. "She thought of all the things she could say", but instead she held the back of his seat and ran beside him until he stopped wobbling.

Worth noting

The story suggests she thought of unkind things to say, and chose not to say them.

"It wobbles. Yours doesn't wobble." Here "wobbles" means

Options for question 169

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · moves unsteadily from side to side

  1. Kabir has fallen off twice, and he stops falling once he stops wobbling.

  2. To wobble is to move unsteadily from side to side.

Worth noting

The problem is balance, not noise or breaking.

What does Diya mean by "It's hard to hate something when you're holding it up"?

Options for question 170

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · Helping her brother had made her jealousy disappear

  1. While she held the seat and ran beside Kabir, she was helping him, not resenting him.

  2. The act of helping left no room for jealousy, which is why she and Kabir are later working on her old bicycle together.

Worth noting

"I did" is in the past tense: she hated it once, but no longer does.

The night the lights came

Narrative · 233 words · 5 questions

The night the lights came

Electricity came to Kolhewadi on a Thursday in the monsoon, and for the first week nobody in the village slept properly.

It was not the noise. It was the light. Houses that had gone dark at sunset for as long as anyone could remember now until ten, eleven, even midnight. People stood in their doorways and looked at one another's windows as if they had never seen them before.

Old Tukaram refused to have the bulb switched on at all. He said he had lived seventy-two years by and did not intend to change for a machine. His grandson Ganesh, who was studying for his tenth-standard exams, said nothing, but he took his books to his aunt's house every night to read.

On the fifth night, Tukaram walked over to his sister's house to see what the was about. He found Ganesh at the table, bent over his mathematics, working out a problem in the bright white light. There was no smoke in his eyes. There was no flame to . There was only the boy, and the numbers, and the long quiet hours of the evening ahead of him.

Tukaram watched for a long time without speaking.

The next evening, when Ganesh came home, he found the bulb in his grandfather's house already switched on, and the old man sitting beneath it, pretending to read the newspaper upside down.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
glow
to give out a steady, soft light
lamplight
the light from an oil lamp
fuss
unnecessary excitement or attention about something
trim
to cut a little off something to make it neat; here, to cut the burnt part of a lamp's wick

Why did nobody sleep properly during the first week?

Options for question 171

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · The houses stayed lit late into the night

  1. The second paragraph says "It was not the noise. It was the light." Houses now "glowed until ten, eleven, even midnight".

Worth noting

The story rules out noise in so many words.

Why did Ganesh take his books to his aunt's house every night?

Options for question 172

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · His grandfather would not switch on the light, and he needed it to study

  1. Tukaram "refused to have the bulb switched on at all", and Ganesh was studying for exams.

  2. So Ganesh went where there was electric light to read.

Worth noting

Ganesh "said nothing" about his grandfather's decision; he quietly found a way round it.

What did Tukaram come to understand while watching Ganesh study?

Options for question 173

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AnswerA · That the electric light made his grandson's studying far easier and better

  1. He sees "no smoke in his eyes", "no flame to trim", only the boy and "the long quiet hours of the evening ahead of him".

  2. The contrast with lamplight shows him what the light gives his grandson.

Worth noting

The description is peaceful and full of possibility, so nothing suggests danger.

Tukaram went "to see what the fuss was about". Here "fuss" suggests

Options for question 174

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · the excitement and attention everyone was giving the new light

  1. The whole village had been staring at the lights and staying up late. To Tukaram, who disapproved, it looked like a lot of unnecessary excitement.

Worth noting

"Fuss" often carries a hint of disapproval, which fits Tukaram's attitude.

What does the final image of Tukaram "pretending to read the newspaper upside down" suggest?

Options for question 175

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · He had changed his mind, but was too proud to admit it openly

  1. He has switched on the bulb, which he refused to do before, but he pretends to be busy with a newspaper.

  2. Reading it upside down gives him away: he is only pretending, to save face. The image is gently comic.

Worth noting

The story does not tell us whether Tukaram can read; the upside-down paper shows pretence, not inability.

The wrong train

Narrative · 246 words · 5 questions

The wrong train

Rohan had checked the platform number three times. He had checked the train number twice. He had even asked a . So when the ticket collector looked at his ticket and said, "This is for the Karnataka Express, sir. This is the Kerala Express," Rohan did not believe him.

"But they left from the same platform," he said.

"Twenty minutes apart," said the ticket collector kindly. "It happens more than you would think."

The next station was three hours away. Rohan sat down heavily on his bag in the doorway and began to how late he would be for his cousin's wedding. The answer was: very.

The old woman in the seat beside the door, who had been watching the whole thing over her glasses, patted the space next to her. "Sit," she said. "You look like you need tea."

It turned out she had been making the same journey every month for thirty years to see her daughter. She knew which stations had the best vadas, which chaiwala added cardamom, and exactly where Rohan should get off to catch a bus back the way he had come.

He reached the wedding four hours late, just in time for the dinner. His cousin laughed at him for weeks.

But when Rohan told the story afterwards, it was never about the wedding. It was about the woman who had given him her vadas, her tea and her timetable, and had refused, , to let him pay.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
porter
a person whose job is to carry luggage at a station
calculate
to work out an amount using numbers
absolutely
completely

What mistake had Rohan made?

Options for question 176

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · He had boarded the Kerala Express instead of the Karnataka Express

  1. The ticket collector says, "This is for the Karnataka Express, sir. This is the Kerala Express."

Worth noting

He reached the wedding, four hours late, so he did not miss it completely.

Why did Rohan not believe the ticket collector at first?

Options for question 177

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · He had checked the platform, the train number and even asked a porter

  1. The first paragraph lists how carefully he had checked, so it seemed impossible that he was on the wrong train.

Worth noting

The collector says it "happens more than you would think", because the two trains leave the same platform twenty minutes apart.

"The answer was: very." What is the effect of this short sentence?

Options for question 178

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · It makes the bad news sharp and funny by putting it in one word

  1. After a sentence about working out how late he would be, the one-word answer lands like a punchline.

  2. The shortness is humorous, while still making clear he would be badly late.

Worth noting

Rohan sits down "heavily", so he is clearly worried.

How did the old woman help Rohan?

Options for question 179

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · She gave him tea and food, and told him exactly where to get off to get back

  1. She knew the stations, the best vadas and the tea stalls, and "exactly where Rohan should get off to catch a bus back".

  2. The last paragraph adds that she gave him "her vadas, her tea and her timetable".

Worth noting

She refused to let him pay her; she did not pay for his ticket.

Why was the story Rohan told "never about the wedding"?

Options for question 180

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AnswerC · The stranger's kindness mattered more to him than the event he was late for

  1. The last paragraph says the story was always about "the woman who had given him her vadas, her tea and her timetable".

  2. The unexpected kindness of a stranger became the part of the day he valued.

Worth noting

His cousin laughed at him, but nothing suggests he disliked his cousin.

The ticket checker

Narrative · 218 words · 5 questions

The ticket checker

Arjun had spent his last ten rupees on a samosa at Nashik station, and only when the train began to move did he remember that his ticket was in his brother's bag, and his brother was in the next coach.

He sat very still. Every time the door opened, his heart jumped. After an hour, it opened for the ticket checker: a tall man with a grey moustache and a notebook.

"Ticket?"

Arjun explained. He heard his voice go high and fast. The man listened without a word, then wrote something in his notebook.

"Your brother's name?"

"Rohan. Rohan Deshpande. Coach S4, I think."

The checker walked off. Arjun sat for twenty long minutes, sure he would be put off at the next station. Then the door opened, and Rohan came through it, grinning, with the ticket in his hand. Behind him came the checker.

"Next time," said the checker, "keep your own ticket in your own pocket." He it, handed it back, and moved on down the coach.

"He came and found me," Rohan said. "He walked through three coaches calling our name."

Arjun looked down the . The checker was bent over another passenger's ticket, as if nothing had happened. He had not smiled once, and Arjun realised that he had not needed to.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
connecting
joining two things or places
punch
to make a hole in something with a tool
aisle
a narrow passage between rows of seats

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 181

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · A strict-looking ticket checker who quietly helps a frightened boy

  1. Arjun fears the stern checker will punish him. Instead, the checker walks through three coaches to find his brother and the ticket.

Worth noting

Arjun did have a ticket; it was only in the wrong bag. He was not cheating.

Why did Arjun not have his ticket?

Options for question 182

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · It was in his brother's bag, and his brother was in another coach

  1. The first sentence says the ticket "was in his brother's bag, and his brother was in the next coach".

Worth noting

He spent his last ten rupees on a samosa, but the ticket had already been bought.

What does "He heard his voice go high and fast" suggest about Arjun?

Options for question 183

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · He was nervous

  1. Arjun has been sitting "very still", and his heart jumps each time the door opens.

  2. A high, fast voice is a sign of nerves.

Worth noting

Nothing in the story suggests anger; he is afraid of being put off the train.

What does the last sentence, "He had not smiled once, and Arjun realised that he had not needed to", mean?

Options for question 184

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · The checker's actions showed his kindness, so a smile was unnecessary

  1. The checker looked stern, but he walked through three coaches to help.

  2. What he did said more than a smile would have.

Worth noting

The checker's actions show kindness, which rules out "an unkind man".

"Arjun looked down the aisle." An aisle is

Options for question 185

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · the passage between rows of seats

  1. Arjun looks along the coach and sees the checker bent over another passenger's ticket.

  2. That means he is looking along the passage between the seats.

Worth noting

The checker is "moving on down the coach", along the passage.

The cricket ball

Narrative · 238 words · 5 questions

The cricket ball

The ball went higher than any ball Sameer had ever hit. For one second the whole lane watched it climb. Then it came down, as balls do, straight into Mrs Fernandes's balcony, and they heard the crash of a clay pot.

The other boys . It was a skill they had, like bowling. Sameer stood alone in the lane with the bat in his hand.

He could have run too. The bat was his, but nobody had seen who was holding it. Instead he climbed the stairs, very slowly, and knocked.

Mrs Fernandes opened the door with the ball in one hand and a broken piece of pot in the other. Behind her, on the balcony, soil and a small green plant lay across the tiles.

"I'm sorry," said Sameer. "It was me. I will pay for the pot."

She looked at him for a long moment. Then she held out the ball. "The pot was twenty rupees," she said. "The plant is a curry leaf. It will live if you help me it."

So he spent the evening on her balcony with his hands in the soil, while she told him about the village in Goa where the plant's mother had grown. When he went home, she gave him a bag of curry leaves for his mother.

The next Sunday, the ball went into her balcony again. This time Mrs Fernandes threw it back herself.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
glorious
wonderful and exciting
vanish
to disappear suddenly
repot
to move a plant into a new pot

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 186

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AnswerA · A boy who owns up to his mistake and makes a friend

  1. Sameer admits breaking the pot instead of running away, helps repot the plant, and ends up on friendly terms with Mrs Fernandes.

Worth noting

Mrs Fernandes turns out to be kind; she even throws the ball back the next Sunday.

What does "It was a skill they had, like bowling" suggest, humorously, about the other boys?

Options for question 187

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · They were very practised at disappearing whenever trouble came

  1. The boys "vanished" the moment the pot broke. Calling this "a skill", like bowling, jokes that they have done it many times before.

Worth noting

The sentence is a joke about running away, not about cricket.

Why is it important that "nobody had seen who was holding it"?

Options for question 188

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · It shows that Sameer could have escaped blame, so owning up was his own choice

  1. No one could have proved that Sameer hit the ball.

  2. So when he climbs the stairs and says "It was me", he is choosing honesty freely.

Worth noting

The passage says the bat was his, which rules out the idea that it belonged to someone else.

What did Mrs Fernandes ask Sameer to do?

Options for question 189

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Help her repot the plant

  1. She says the plant "will live if you help me repot it", and he spends the evening doing so.

Worth noting

She mentions the pot's price but asks for help with the plant.

What does the last sentence show?

Options for question 190

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · That the quarrel had turned into friendship, so a ball on her balcony was no longer a problem

  1. The first time, the ball brought trouble. This time she throws it back herself, cheerfully.

  2. The change shows how their relationship has changed.

Worth noting

The ending is warm, not a criticism of Sameer.

The tailor's apprentice

Narrative · 212 words · 5 questions

The tailor's apprentice

On his first day as an in the tailoring shop, Imran expected to sew. Instead, Ustad Karim gave him a box of buttons and told him to sort them.

On the second day, he sorted thread. On the third day, he swept the floor, and on the fourth he sorted the buttons again, because a customer's child had knocked the box over.

By the end of the second week, Imran was angry. "When will I learn to sew?" he asked.

The old tailor did not look up from his machine. "Tell me," he said, "how many kinds of white thread do we have?"

"Four," said Imran at once. "Cotton, silk, the thick one for buttons, and the cheap one for ."

"And where are the small pearl buttons?"

"Third drawer, left side, behind the ones."

Ustad Karim stopped the machine. "A tailor who does not know his own shop," he said, "spends half his day looking for things. You have learnt the shop. Tomorrow, you will learn to use the measuring tape."

On the next day, Imran measured his first customer. His hands shook a little, but he knew exactly where everything was, and when the old man asked for chalk, he had it ready before the sentence was finished.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
apprentice
a young person learning a skill by working for an expert
tack
to sew with long, loose stitches to hold cloth in place for a short time
brass
a yellow metal made from copper and zinc

What is the main idea of the story?

Options for question 191

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · The simple tasks Imran resented had been teaching him something he needed

  1. Imran thought he was learning nothing, but sorting and sweeping taught him where everything in the shop was.

  2. The tailor says a tailor who does not know his shop wastes half his day.

Worth noting

The ending shows the tasks were useful, so they were not a waste of time.

Why did Imran sort the buttons a second time?

Options for question 192

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AnswerA · A customer's child had knocked the box over

  1. The second paragraph says he sorted them again "because a customer's child had knocked the box over".

Worth noting

The story gives only this reason.

Why does Ustad Karim ask Imran about the thread and the buttons?

Options for question 193

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · To show Imran how much he has already learnt

  1. Imran answers both questions instantly and exactly.

  2. The tailor then explains that knowing the shop is a real skill: "You have learnt the shop."

Worth noting

The tailor already knows the answers. His questions are meant to teach Imran.

Imran starts work "as an apprentice in the tailoring shop". An apprentice is

Options for question 194

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AnswerC · a young person learning a skill from an expert

  1. Imran works in the shop to learn tailoring from Ustad Karim, an expert.

Worth noting

Imran is the learner, and the tailor is the expert who owns the shop.

What does the last paragraph show about Imran?

Options for question 195

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AnswerB · He is nervous but well prepared, because he knows the shop

  1. "His hands shook a little", but "he knew exactly where everything was" and had the chalk ready before being asked.

Worth noting

One day of measuring does not mean he is ready to open his own shop.

Results day

Narrative · 198 words · 5 questions

Results day

The results were due at noon. By eleven, Farhan had the page so often that his thumb hurt.

His friend Nikhil had already rung twice. Nikhil was sure he had done well, and he wanted to compare. Farhan was not sure of anything. The physics paper had gone badly, and he had spent the weeks since telling himself that it did not matter, which is what you say about things that matter very much.

At noon the website . At twelve-fifteen it came back. At twelve-twenty, Farhan typed in his roll number with fingers that did not seem to belong to him.

He had passed. Physics was his lowest mark, lower than he had hoped, but not as low as he had feared. His other marks were good. His English mark was the best in his class.

His phone rang. It was Nikhil. His voice was small.

"I didn't maths," Nikhil said. "I'll have to take it again."

Farhan looked at his own screen, at the numbers he had wanted so badly to share. Then he closed the page.

"I'm coming over," he said. "Don't tell me your marks. Tell me what we're going to eat."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
refresh
to load a web page again to see the newest version
crash
of a computer or website, to suddenly stop working
clear
to pass an exam or test

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 196

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · A boy who puts his friend's disappointment before his own success

  1. Farhan has done well and wants to share, but when Nikhil fails maths, he closes the page and goes to comfort him.

Worth noting

The friends compare marks at first, but the story ends with Farhan choosing friendship over comparison.

What does "telling himself that it did not matter, which is what you say about things that matter very much" suggest?

Options for question 197

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Farhan was pretending not to care about something he was worried about

  1. The writer points out a common habit: people insist something does not matter when it matters a great deal.

  2. So Farhan was hiding his worry, even from himself.

Worth noting

The writer's comment turns the phrase around; it matters very much.

Which of Farhan's marks was the lowest?

Options for question 198

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AnswerB · Physics

  1. The fourth paragraph says "Physics was his lowest mark".

Worth noting

His English mark was the best in his class.

"I didn't clear maths." Here "clear" means

Options for question 199

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AnswerC · pass

  1. Nikhil will "have to take it again", which means he did not pass it.

Worth noting

"Clear" has many meanings. After exam results, it means to pass.

Why does Farhan say "Don't tell me your marks. Tell me what we're going to eat"?

Options for question 200

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · He wants to take Nikhil's mind off the result and show that marks don't matter between them

  1. Farhan has just closed his own results page. By changing the subject to food, he shows Nikhil that their friendship matters more than marks.

Worth noting

Going over at once shows that he cares.

Mother's first gift

Narrative · 252 words · 5 questions

Mother's first gift

When Anjali received her first , eleven thousand rupees for a month at the call centre, she knew at once what she would buy. Her mother had worn the same pair of thin gold bangles for as long as Anjali could remember, and one of them had a crack that she hid under her sleeve.

On Saturday Anjali went to the 's, chose a simple new bangle and paid for it with almost half her salary. All the way home on the bus she held the small red box in her lap.

Her mother opened it, looked at the bangle for a long moment, and then closed the box again.

"It's beautiful," she said quietly. "Now take it back."

Anjali stared at her. "Take it back? Why?"

"Because I know what you earn, and I know you need new shoes for your interviews. These bangles were my mother's. I don't need new ones. I need to see you walk into an office in good shoes."

Anjali , then cried a little, and finally went back to the shop. The jeweller, who had heard many such stories, returned the money without .

That evening she came home with a pair of black shoes, and a small bag of jalebis for her mother. Her mother ate one slowly and said it was the best gift anyone had ever bought her. Anjali was not sure whether to believe her, but she noticed that her mother was wearing the cracked bangle with her sleeve pushed back.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
salary
money a person is paid for work, usually every month
jeweller
a person who makes or sells jewellery
complaint
a statement that you are unhappy about something
argue
to give reasons for or against something, often angrily

What did Anjali buy with her first salary?

Options for question 201

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · A new gold bangle for her mother

  1. She "chose a simple new bangle and paid for it with almost half her salary".

Worth noting

She bought shoes and jalebis only later, after returning the bangle.

Why did her mother ask her to take the bangle back?

Options for question 202

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AnswerB · She wanted Anjali to spend the money on shoes she needed for interviews

  1. "I know you need new shoes for your interviews ... I need to see you walk into an office in good shoes."

Worth noting

She calls the bangle "beautiful", so she is not rejecting the design.

"The jeweller, who had heard many such stories, returned the money without complaint." What does this suggest about the jeweller?

Options for question 203

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AnswerA · He understood the situation and was kind about it

  1. Having "heard many such stories", he understood why the bangle came back, and he gave the money "without complaint".

Worth noting

Returning money willingly shows understanding, not anger.

At the end, Anjali's mother is "wearing the cracked bangle with her sleeve pushed back". What does this detail suggest?

Options for question 204

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AnswerD · She is no longer ashamed of the old bangle, because her daughter's love matters more

  1. Before, she "hid" the crack under her sleeve. Now she shows it openly, on the evening she says the jalebis were the best gift ever.

Worth noting

The change from hiding to showing is the clue; nothing suggests forgetting or selling.

What is the main idea of the story?

Options for question 205

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AnswerC · True care means thinking of what the other person really needs

  1. Anjali shows love with a costly gift; her mother shows love by refusing it so Anjali can buy what she needs.

Worth noting

The mother does accept a gift, the jalebis, so she does not refuse all gifts.

The kite that got away

Narrative · 237 words · 5 questions

The kite that got away

On the morning of Makar Sankranti, the roofs of the old city were crowded with people, and the sky above them was full of kites. Ishaan, who was eleven, had spent a week making his: a red kite with a long blue tail, and a of string he had with rice paste and powdered glass until it was sharp.

For an hour his kite danced higher than any other on the street. Then a green kite from the next roof crossed his line. Ishaan pulled; the other boy pulled harder. There was a soft snap, and the red kite floated free, slowly away over the rooftops.

Ishaan did not cry, though his throat felt tight. Below, a crowd of small children was already running through the lanes after the falling kite, shouting.

His grandfather, who had watched from a in the corner, called him over. "Do you know what I liked best about Sankranti when I was a boy?" he asked. "Not my own kites. I lost most of them. I liked running after other people's."

He gave Ishaan two rupees. "Go," he said. "There will be another one falling soon."

Ishaan ran down the stairs. An hour later he came back with a torn yellow kite, a knee and a grin as wide as the sky. He had not won anything, but he had caught something, and somehow that felt better.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (5)
coat
to cover something with a thin layer
reel
a round object on which string or thread is wound
drift
to be carried slowly by water or air
charpai
a simple Indian bed made of a wooden frame with woven string
scraped
with the skin rubbed off by something rough

How did Ishaan lose his kite?

Options for question 206

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AnswerC · A green kite from the next roof cut his string

  1. "A green kite from the next roof crossed his line. Ishaan pulled; the other boy pulled harder. There was a soft snap."

Worth noting

The kite "floated free" after the string was cut, not torn by the wind.

"Ishaan did not cry, though his throat felt tight." This shows that he

Options for question 207

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AnswerA · was upset but tried to control his feelings

  1. A tight throat is the feeling of holding back tears. He was sad, but he did not let himself cry.

Worth noting

He had spent a week making the kite, so he certainly cared.

Why does the grandfather tell Ishaan about running after other people's kites?

Options for question 208

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AnswerD · To help him see that there is still fun to be had, even after losing

  1. He says he "liked running after other people's" kites best, gives Ishaan two rupees and tells him another will fall soon.

Worth noting

He does not scold him; he offers comfort and a new way to enjoy the day.

"A grin as wide as the sky." This phrase shows that Ishaan was

Options for question 209

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AnswerB · extremely happy

  1. A grin is a broad smile; "as wide as the sky" exaggerates it to show great happiness.

Worth noting

He has a scraped knee, but the grin shows how little he minds.

What does Ishaan learn by the end?

Options for question 210

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · Joy can come from taking part, not only from winning

  1. "He had not won anything, but he had caught something, and somehow that felt better."

Worth noting

The ending is about how he feels, not about improving his string.

The postman's last round

Narrative · 230 words · 5 questions

The postman's last round

For thirty-one years, Raghunath had the letters in Shantinagar. He knew every gate, every dog and every family. He knew which house would give him water in May and which grandmother would ask him to read her letters aloud, because her eyes were weak.

On his last day before , his bag was lighter than it had ever been. Hardly anyone wrote letters now. There were a few bank statements, two parcels from online shops, a wedding card and a government envelope. He finished his round before eleven.

When he reached the post office, the door was closed, which was strange. He pushed it open and stopped. The small room was full of people: shopkeepers, children he had seen grow up, the grandmother with the weak eyes, now leaning on her grandson's arm.

On the counter lay a thick of envelopes, tied with string. "For you," said the postmaster. "We asked the whole to write."

Raghunath sat down and opened them one by one. Some were long, some were only a line. A boy who was now an engineer in Pune remembered the day Raghunath had brought his admission letter running. A thanked him for reading her husband's last letter to her, slowly, twice.

He had carried other people's words for thirty-one years. That afternoon, for the first time, a whole bag of letters was his.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (5)
deliver
to take something to a place; to give a speech
retirement
the time when a person stops working, usually because of age
colony
(in India) a residential area or neighbourhood
bundle
a number of things tied or held together
widow
a woman whose husband has died

Why was Raghunath's bag lighter than ever on his last day?

Options for question 211

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · Hardly anyone wrote letters any more

  1. "Hardly anyone wrote letters now."

Worth noting

The post office was closed only because of the surprise inside.

What do the details in the first paragraph show about Raghunath?

Options for question 212

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · He knew the people of Shantinagar well and cared about them

  1. He "knew every gate, every dog and every family", and read letters aloud for a grandmother with weak eyes.

Worth noting

Reading letters aloud was beyond his duty, which shows care, not boredom.

What was the surprise at the post office?

Options for question 213

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · A bundle of letters written to him by the people of the colony

  1. "On the counter lay a thick bundle of envelopes ... 'We asked the whole colony to write.'"

Worth noting

The surprise is letters, which fits a postman's life.

"He had carried other people's words for thirty-one years. That afternoon, for the first time, a whole bag of letters was his." What makes this ending moving?

Options for question 214

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · The man who always delivered others' letters at last receives letters of his own, full of thanks

  1. The ending turns his job around: after decades of carrying messages to others, the messages are now for him.

Worth noting

The point is the reversal of roles, not money or a new job.

What is the mood of the story?

Options for question 215

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Warm and touching

  1. The people of the colony gather to thank him, and their letters remember his kindness.

Worth noting

The light bag and the closed door create a moment of doubt, but the mood ends warm.

The girl in goal

Narrative · 224 words · 5 questions

The girl in goal

The boys of Kothapalli played football every evening on the dusty ground behind the school, and every evening Lakshmi watched from the wall. She knew the rules better than most of them. She had learnt them from her cousin's old phone, watching matches with the sound turned down.

One day the team's goalkeeper fell ill just before a match against the next village. "Let me play," Lakshmi said. The captain laughed. Then he looked at the other boys, none of whom wanted to stand in goal, and stopped laughing.

"Fine," he said. "But if we lose, it's your fault."

The other team scored in the first five minutes. Lakshmi had the wrong way. She heard someone on the wall , and her face burned. But she remembered something from the matches on the phone: good goalkeepers watched the hips of the player, not his eyes. After that she watched hips.

She saved a shot low to her left. She saved another with her . In the last minute she threw herself at the feet of their best and came up with the ball, her elbow bleeding.

Kothapalli won, two goals to one. Nobody carried Lakshmi on their shoulders. But the next evening, when she arrived at the ground, the captain did not look at the wall. He threw her the goalkeeper's gloves.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
jeer
to laugh at or shout rude things at someone
dive
to jump suddenly towards something, often to the ground
striker
a football player whose main job is to score goals
fingertip
the end of a finger

How had Lakshmi learnt the rules of football?

Options for question 216

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · By watching matches on her cousin's old phone

  1. "She had learnt them from her cousin's old phone, watching matches with the sound turned down."

Worth noting

She had only watched from the wall before this match; she had not played.

Why does the captain stop laughing?

Options for question 217

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · He realised none of the boys wanted to be goalkeeper

  1. He "looked at the other boys, none of whom wanted to stand in goal, and stopped laughing."

Worth noting

Nothing in the story shows Lakshmi shouting; the change comes from his own realisation.

What helped Lakshmi play better after the first goal?

Options for question 218

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · She remembered that good goalkeepers watch the player's hips, not his eyes

  1. "Good goalkeepers watched the hips of the player, not his eyes. After that she watched hips."

Worth noting

Someone jeered rather than cheered, which made her feel worse.

"She heard someone on the wall jeer." To "jeer" means to

Options for question 219

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · laugh at or shout rudely

  1. After her mistake, the jeer made "her face burned" with shame, so it was mocking.

Worth noting

A cheer would have made her feel better, not ashamed.

At the end, the captain "did not look at the wall. He threw her the goalkeeper's gloves." What does this show?

Options for question 220

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · He now accepted her as the team's goalkeeper, without needing to say it

  1. The wall is where she used to sit and watch. By not looking there and handing her the gloves, he shows she belongs on the field.

Worth noting

"Nobody carried Lakshmi on their shoulders": the acceptance is quiet, shown by an action rather than praise.

The experiment that failed

Narrative · 241 words · 5 questions

The experiment that failed

Kabir's project for the science fair was a small model that produced electricity from the of water. For two weeks he worked on it every evening, and on the night before the fair it lit a tiny bulb perfectly.

On the day, in front of the judges, it did nothing at all.

Kabir checked the wires and the little wheel. He poured the water again. Nothing. Across the hall, his , Dev, was showing a robotic arm that picked up a pencil, and a crowd had gathered round him.

One of the judges, a engineer with thick glasses, waited . "What do you think has gone wrong?" she asked.

Kabir's first wish was to say that it had worked yesterday, which was true, and to blame the water in the school tap. Instead he took a breath and thought aloud. Perhaps a wire had come loose on the bus. Perhaps the wheel was rubbing against the box. He opened the box. The wheel was rubbing against the box.

There was not time to mend it properly, so he explained to the judge exactly what should have happened, and why it had not, and how he would fix it.

Dev won the first prize. Kabir won nothing. But as the judges left, the engineer stopped at his table. "I have seen many machines work," she said. "I have seen very few students find out why one didn't. Keep that habit."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
motion
the act of moving
rival
a person you compete against
patiently
calmly, without getting annoyed at waiting
retired
no longer working because of age

What was Kabir's science project?

Options for question 221

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AnswerC · A model that made electricity from moving water

  1. His project was "a small model that produced electricity from the motion of water".

Worth noting

The robotic arm was Dev's project.

What was Kabir tempted to do when the judge asked what had gone wrong?

Options for question 222

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · Blame something else, such as the tap water, instead of looking for the real cause

  1. "Kabir's first wish was to say that it had worked yesterday ... and to blame the water in the school tap."

Worth noting

He overcame the wish; he "took a breath and thought aloud" instead.

What was actually wrong with the model?

Options for question 223

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · The wheel was rubbing against the box

  1. "He opened the box. The wheel was rubbing against the box."

Worth noting

A loose wire was only one of his guesses.

Why did the engineer praise Kabir although he won nothing?

Options for question 224

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · She valued his ability to find out calmly why something had failed

  1. "I have seen very few students find out why one didn't. Keep that habit."

Worth noting

She praises a habit of thinking, not the machine, and says nothing against Dev.

What is the message of the story?

Options for question 225

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · Honestly working out why something failed is a valuable skill

  1. Kabir resists blaming the tap water, finds the real fault and explains it, and the judge says this habit matters most.

Worth noting

Dev wins, but the story's focus is on what Kabir learns.

Grandfather's radio

Narrative · 242 words · 5 questions

Grandfather's radio

Grandfather's radio had stood on the shelf above his bed for forty years. It was a brown box with a cloth front and a that glowed orange. Every evening at seven he turned it on for the news, and every evening the family pretended not to mind the .

Then one evening it went silent. Grandfather turned the knob back and forth, tapped the side, and finally put it down without a word. For a week he sat in the evenings with nothing in his hands.

Neha, who was studying electronics at the , offered to look at it. Her father told her not to bother. "Buy him a new one," he said. "They are cheap now. You can get every station in the world on a phone."

But Neha had seen her grandfather's hands in the evenings. She took the radio to the college workshop. Inside, among the dust, she found a burnt-out part the size of her fingernail. It took her three days and four shops to find one like it.

When she brought the radio home, Grandfather turned it on. The orange dial glowed, and the old crackle filled the room, and then the voice of the newsreader came through, a little , as it always had been.

Her father said a new radio would have sounded better. Grandfather said nothing. He only turned up the volume, so that the crackle could be heard all over the house.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
dial
the part of a radio with numbers that shows which station is chosen
crackle
a series of short, sharp sounds
polytechnic
a college that teaches practical and technical subjects
faint
not strong or clear; hard to see or hear

What did Grandfather use the radio for every evening?

Options for question 226

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · Listening to the news at seven

  1. "Every evening at seven he turned it on for the news."

Worth noting

The story mentions only the news.

"For a week he sat in the evenings with nothing in his hands." What does this show?

Options for question 227

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · He missed the radio and felt lost without it

  1. The radio was part of every evening for forty years; without it he sits with "nothing in his hands", silent and idle.

Worth noting

He says nothing, but his empty evenings show how much he misses it.

Why does Neha mend the old radio instead of buying a new one?

Options for question 228

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · She understood that the old radio itself mattered to her grandfather

  1. Her father says new radios "are cheap now", but "Neha had seen her grandfather's hands in the evenings", empty without his old radio.

Worth noting

The story says new ones are cheap, so cost is not her reason.

"The family pretended not to mind the crackle." A "crackle" is

Options for question 229

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · a series of short, sharp noises

  1. The crackle is a sound from the old radio, heard with the newsreader's voice.

Worth noting

The orange glow is the dial's light; the crackle is a sound.

At the end, Grandfather "turned up the volume, so that the crackle could be heard all over the house". What does this suggest?

Options for question 230

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · The old crackle was part of what he loved, and he was glad to have it back

  1. His son says a new radio would sound better; Grandfather answers by making the familiar crackle louder, not by arguing.

Worth noting

The family once had to pretend not to mind the crackle; now he proudly fills the house with it.

The old well

Narrative · 229 words · 5 questions

The old well

In the third year of the , the hand pump in Bilaspur village gave nothing but air. The from the town came twice a week, and the women stood in line for hours with their pots.

At the village meeting, the men argued about digging a new borewell. The wanted two lakh rupees and could promise nothing. Then old Gangubai, who rarely spoke at meetings, raised her hand.

"There was a well behind the temple when I was a girl," she said. "My mother drew water from it. It was filled in with rubbish when the pumps came."

Some of the young men smiled. Nobody remembered any well behind the temple. But Gangubai's grandson, Suresh, believed her, and the next Sunday he and two friends began to dig where she pointed. Under a metre of plastic bags and broken bricks, they found a ring of old stones.

It took the village three weeks to clear it. The old well was deep and narrow, lined with stones that fitted together without . At the bottom, slowly, water began to gather, cold and clear.

It did not end the drought. But it gave the village drinking water until the rains came, and it cost nothing but work. At the next meeting, when the men began to argue, the headman turned first to Gangubai.

"What do you remember?" he asked.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
drought
a long period with little or no rain
tanker
a truck that carries water or oil in a large tank
contractor
a person or company paid to do building or other work
cement
a grey powder mixed with water and sand to build with

How did the village get water before the old well was found?

Options for question 231

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · From a tanker that came twice a week

  1. "The tanker from the town came twice a week, and the women stood in line for hours."

Worth noting

The hand pump "gave nothing but air".

Why did some of the young men smile when Gangubai spoke?

Options for question 232

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · They did not believe there had ever been a well behind the temple

  1. "Nobody remembered any well behind the temple", so they doubted her.

Worth noting

Only Suresh believed her; the smiles showed disbelief.

What was covering the old well?

Options for question 233

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · Plastic bags and broken bricks

  1. "Under a metre of plastic bags and broken bricks, they found a ring of old stones."

Worth noting

Gangubai said it had been "filled in with rubbish when the pumps came".

At the next meeting, the headman turns first to Gangubai and asks, "What do you remember?" What does this show?

Options for question 234

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · The village has learnt to value the knowledge of its old people

  1. Her memory found water when expensive plans could promise nothing. Now the headman asks her first, before the men argue.

Worth noting

His question is respectful; it reverses the smiles of the young men earlier.

What is the main idea of the story?

Options for question 235

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Old knowledge, ignored by others, can solve present problems

  1. Gangubai's memory leads to a well that gives water "until the rains came" and "cost nothing but work".

Worth noting

The story does not say borewells are bad; it shows the value of what the old remember.

The monitor's list

Narrative · 237 words · 5 questions

The monitor's list

Being class had seemed like an to Aditi until the day Mrs Sharma left the room for ten minutes and handed her a piece of chalk. "Write the names of anyone who talks," she said.

The class was quiet for exactly one minute. Then Vikram, at the back, began to tell a joke. Several boys laughed. Aditi wrote "Vikram" on the board, and the laughter stopped.

Then Kavya, her best friend, leaned across to the girl beside her and whispered something. Aditi heard it clearly. It was only a question about the homework, but it was talking.

Aditi stood with the chalk in her hand. Vikram was watching her. So was everyone else. If she did not write Kavya's name, the whole class would know why. If she did, Kavya might not speak to her for a week.

She wrote "Kavya" under "Vikram".

Kavya's face went red. When Mrs Sharma came back and read the board, Kavya explained about the homework, and Mrs Sharma rubbed out both names. "A question about work is not talking," she said. "And a joke is not a crime. But thank you, Aditi, for being ."

Kavya did not speak to Aditi at lunch. But on the way home she caught up with her at the gate and walked beside her in silence for a while.

"You were right," she said at last. "I would have written your name too."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
monitor
a student chosen to help a teacher keep order
honour
something that makes you feel proud and respected
fair
reasonable and right

What did Mrs Sharma ask Aditi to do?

Options for question 236

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Write the names of anyone who talked

  1. "Write the names of anyone who talks," she said.

Worth noting

Aditi was given chalk to write names, not to teach.

Why was it hard for Aditi to write Kavya's name?

Options for question 237

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · Kavya was her best friend, but leaving her out would be unfair and everyone would notice

  1. "If she did not write Kavya's name, the whole class would know why. If she did, Kavya might not speak to her for a week."

Worth noting

Aditi "heard it clearly", so Kavya did speak.

Why did Mrs Sharma rub out both names?

Options for question 238

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · She felt a question about work was not talking and a joke was not a crime

  1. "A question about work is not talking," she said. "And a joke is not a crime."

Worth noting

She still thanks Aditi for being fair, so she does not think Aditi was wrong.

Mrs Sharma thanks Aditi "for being fair". Here "fair" means

Options for question 239

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · treating everyone by the same rule

  1. Aditi wrote her best friend's name just as she wrote Vikram's: the same rule for everyone.

Worth noting

"Fair" has several meanings; the one about justice fits this situation.

"I would have written your name too." What does Kavya's remark at the end show?

Options for question 240

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · After thinking it over, she accepts that Aditi did the right thing

  1. She first says "You were right", then admits she would have done the same in Aditi's place.

Worth noting

Walking beside Aditi and speaking first shows the friendship has survived, not a threat.

The teacher from the city

Narrative · 235 words · 5 questions

The teacher from the city

Mr Bhatia arrived at the government school in Chandpur with three suitcases and a lot of plans. He had taught for five years in a private school in Delhi, and he was sure the village children would be behind.

On his first day he asked the Class 7 students to name the parts of a plant. They gave the answers in the book, slowly and shyly. He sighed. Then he asked them to name the plants they could see from the window.

The room changed. Hands went up everywhere. A girl named Rekha named eleven plants in two minutes, and told him which ones cured a stomach ache and which ones made goats sick. A boy explained how to tell from the colour of a neem leaf whether the rains would be early. Another described how his father mango trees, and drew it on the board, more clearly than the in the textbook.

Mr Bhatia had planned to teach them about plants. Instead he spent the taking notes.

That evening he wrote to a friend in Delhi. "I came here thinking I would bring knowledge to the village," he wrote. "I have been here one day, and I already know less than a twelve-year-old girl about the things growing outside my window."

He did not throw away his plans. But he added a new one. Every Friday, the class would teach him.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
graft
to join a piece of one plant onto another so that they grow together
diagram
a simple drawing that shows how something works
period
one of the times into which a school day is divided

Where had Mr Bhatia taught before coming to Chandpur?

Options for question 241

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · In a private school in Delhi

  1. "He had taught for five years in a private school in Delhi."

Worth noting

Chandpur is where he has just arrived.

What did Mr Bhatia expect of the village children at first?

Options for question 242

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · That they would be behind in their learning

  1. "He was sure the village children would be behind."

Worth noting

The story goes on to show his expectation was wrong.

Why did "the room change" when he asked about the plants outside the window?

Options for question 243

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · The children knew a great deal from their own lives, and could share it eagerly

  1. The answers from the book came "slowly and shyly", but about real plants "Hands went up everywhere", with knowledge of cures, rains and grafting.

Worth noting

The new question was not from the book; that is why it brought out what they really knew.

What did the boy draw on the board?

Options for question 244

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · How his father grafted mango trees

  1. "Another described how his father grafted mango trees, and drew it on the board."

Worth noting

Another boy talked about neem leaves, but did not draw.

What does Mr Bhatia learn on his first day?

Options for question 245

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AnswerA · That the village children have valuable knowledge he can learn from

  1. In his letter he writes that he knows "less than a twelve-year-old girl" about the plants outside, and he decides that "Every Friday, the class would teach him."

Worth noting

"He did not throw away his plans", so he does not think them useless.

Words on the way

Narrative · 249 words · 5 questions

Words on the way

When Selvi came from Madurai to study in Delhi, she spoke Tamil and good English, but almost no Hindi. In the first week, she ordered tea and got coffee, asked for the library and was sent to the canteen, and once nodded "yes" to a question she had not understood at all, and found she had agreed to join the dance club.

The worst part was not the mistakes. It was the moment, in every conversation, when people to English for her, slowly and kindly, and she felt like a guest who would never become a member of the family.

So she made a plan. Every morning on the metro she learnt five Hindi words from her phone, and every afternoon she used all five, even if the sentences came out wrong. The aunty who ran the photocopy shop became her teacher without knowing it. Selvi asked her the price of everything, and the aunty her grammar while she counted the change.

By November she could with an auto driver. By January she understood the jokes in the hostel common room, though she still did not find all of them funny.

At the end of the year the dance club held its show, and Selvi danced in it, badly, to a Hindi song. When she came off the stage, a girl from her class said something very fast in Hindi. Selvi understood every word, and answered in Hindi too, and neither of them switched to English.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
switch
to change from one thing to another
correct
to show or mark the mistakes in something
argue
to give reasons for or against something, often angrily

How did Selvi end up joining the dance club?

Options for question 246

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · She nodded "yes" to a question she had not understood

  1. She "once nodded 'yes' to a question she had not understood at all, and found she had agreed to join the dance club."

Worth noting

She did dance at the end of the year, but she joined by accident.

Why was the worst part not the mistakes but people switching to English for her?

Options for question 247

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · It made her feel like an outsider who would never truly belong

  1. When they switched, "she felt like a guest who would never become a member of the family".

Worth noting

The story calls their switching slow and "kind", so they were not rude; the feeling came from being treated as different.

What was Selvi's plan for learning Hindi?

Options for question 248

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · To learn five words every morning and use all five every afternoon

  1. "Every morning on the metro she learnt five Hindi words from her phone, and every afternoon she used all five."

Worth noting

The story mentions her phone and the photocopy shop, not classes or films.

The photocopy-shop aunty "became her teacher without knowing it". What does this mean?

Options for question 249

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · By correcting Selvi's Hindi during everyday chats, she taught her without planning to

  1. Selvi asked her the price of everything, "and the aunty corrected her grammar while she counted the change."

Worth noting

The aunty was running a shop, not giving lessons, which is why it was "without knowing it".

What is the importance of the final line, "neither of them switched to English"?

Options for question 250

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · It shows that Selvi is now treated as one of them, which was what she wanted most

  1. Earlier, people switching to English made her feel like a guest. Now the conversation stays in Hindi, as between equals.

Worth noting

The ending echoes the "worst part" from the beginning and shows it has been overcome.

The price of tomatoes

Narrative · 255 words · 5 questions

The price of tomatoes

For years, Ramesh had sold his tomatoes to the same , who came to the village in a truck at time and named the price. Ramesh had no way of knowing whether it was a fair one. The trader always said the market was bad.

His daughter Kavitha, who was in Class 11, had a phone with a cracked screen and a data pack her uncle paid for. One evening she sat beside her father and showed him a government app that listed the prices at mandis across the district.

Ramesh was not interested. "The app doesn't buy tomatoes," he said.

But the next morning, when the trader offered eight rupees a kilo, Kavitha checked the app. At the in the town, forty kilometres away, tomatoes were selling for nineteen.

Ramesh thought about the cost of hiring a , about the day he would lose, about the trader, whom he had known for twenty years. Then he looked at the number on his daughter's phone.

He did not go to the mandi. Instead, he told the trader what the app said. The trader laughed, then grumbled, then raised his price to fourteen. It was less than nineteen, but it was much more than eight, and Ramesh did not have to hire a tempo.

That night Ramesh asked Kavitha to show him how the app worked. He was slow with the screen, and he held the phone too far from his eyes. But he did not say again that the app didn't buy tomatoes.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
trader
a person who buys and sells goods
harvest
the time when crops are gathered
mandi
(in India) a market where farmers sell crops in bulk
tempo
(in India) a small three-wheeled goods vehicle

What did the app that Kavitha showed her father do?

Options for question 251

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · Listed crop prices at mandis across the district

  1. It was "a government app that listed the prices at mandis across the district".

Worth noting

Her father joked that "The app doesn't buy tomatoes", which is true: it only gives prices.

What price was the trader offering, and what was the mandi price?

Options for question 252

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · Eight and nineteen

  1. "When the trader offered eight rupees a kilo ... At the mandi in the town ... tomatoes were selling for nineteen."

Worth noting

Fourteen is the price the trader raised his offer to later.

Why did Ramesh not take his tomatoes to the mandi?

Options for question 253

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Hiring a tempo and losing a day had costs, and the information alone made the trader raise his price

  1. He thought about "the cost of hiring a tempo" and "the day he would lose", then used the app's price to bargain, and the trader offered fourteen.

Worth noting

The app's price was correct; it was what made the trader pay more.

"At the mandi in the town." A "mandi" is

Options for question 254

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AnswerD · a market where farmers sell crops

  1. The mandi is where "tomatoes were selling for nineteen", forty kilometres away.

Worth noting

Prices are listed "at mandis across the district", so a mandi is a selling place.

At the end, Ramesh "did not say again that the app didn't buy tomatoes". What does this show?

Options for question 255

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · He has come to see the value of the information his daughter showed him

  1. Once the information earned him six rupees more a kilo, he asks to learn the app himself and drops his doubting remark.

Worth noting

Asking to learn shows interest, not loss of it.

The wrong number

Narrative · 232 words · 5 questions

The wrong number

The first time the old man called, Arjun said, "Sorry, wrong number," and hung up. The second time, the next evening, the same tired voice asked for "Shyam", and Arjun explained that there was no Shyam at this number.

"Ah," said the voice. "Shyam was my son. This used to be his number. He moved to Canada and changed it. I forget sometimes."

Arjun did not know what to say, so he asked how the old man was. The old man, whose name was Mr Iyer, said he was well, and then talked for twenty minutes about his garden, his knees and the price of vegetables. Arjun, who was supposed to be studying for his exam, listened.

After that, Mr Iyer called every few days. He always began by for the wrong number, and Arjun always said it was all right. He learnt that Mr Iyer had been a teacher of mathematics for thirty-five years, and when Arjun mentioned a sum he was stuck on, Mr Iyer solved it on the phone in four minutes, faster than the .

In March, Arjun passed his exam. He called the number he now knew by heart to tell Mr Iyer.

A woman answered. She was Mr Iyer's , visiting from Canada. "He talks about you," she said. "He calls you his wrong number. He says it is the best number he has."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
apologise
to say that you are sorry for something
accountancy
the work of keeping or checking financial records
textbook
a book used for studying a subject
daughter-in-law
the wife of your son

Why did Mr Iyer keep calling Arjun's number?

Options for question 256

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · It used to be his son's number, and he sometimes forgot that it had changed

  1. "Shyam was my son. This used to be his number. He moved to Canada and changed it. I forget sometimes."

Worth noting

Later he calls on purpose, but the first calls were mistakes.

Why did Arjun listen for twenty minutes instead of hanging up?

Options for question 257

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · He sensed the old man was lonely and did not have the heart to cut him short

  1. After hearing that the man's son had moved away, "Arjun did not know what to say, so he asked how the old man was", and then listened though he should have been studying.

Worth noting

Help with maths came later; at first he listened out of kindness.

How did Mr Iyer help Arjun?

Options for question 258

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · He solved a sum Arjun was stuck on, over the phone

  1. "Mr Iyer solved it on the phone in four minutes, faster than the textbook."

Worth noting

He had been a mathematics teacher for thirty-five years.

"He always began by apologising for the wrong number." Why might Mr Iyer still apologise, even when he was calling on purpose?

Options for question 259

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · It had become a friendly joke and a way of beginning their talks

  1. The calls had become regular and planned, yet he kept the old opening, and Arjun "always said it was all right".

Worth noting

The calls are no longer mistakes, so the apology has become a kind of shared habit.

"He says it is the best number he has." What does this ending reveal?

Options for question 260

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · The accidental friendship has come to mean a great deal to the lonely old man

  1. Mr Iyer "talks about" Arjun and calls him "his wrong number", the number he values most.

Worth noting

The daughter-in-law shares this warmly; nothing suggests anger.

The puncture

Narrative · 252 words · 5 questions

The puncture

Every boy in the colony took his bicycle to Mohammed Chacha, who sat under the peepal tree near the bus stop with a tin box of tools and a bucket of water. He mended punctures for twenty rupees and never seemed to hurry.

When Arnav's tyre went flat on the morning of his maths exam, he ran to the tree. "Please, Chacha, quickly," he said. "I'm late."

Mohammed Chacha looked at him over his glasses. Then he did something strange. Instead of taking the tyre, he handed Arnav the tools.

"You do it," he said. "I will tell you how."

Arnav stared. "But I'll be late!"

"You will be faster next time," said the old man calmly.

So, with Mohammed Chacha's voice guiding him, Arnav took off the wheel, pulled out the tube and pushed it under the water in the bucket until a line of tiny bubbles showed where the hole was. He the rubber, spread the glue, pressed on the and counted to sixty. His hands were black and his heart was racing, but the patch held.

He was ten minutes late for the exam, and the teacher frowned. But he had done well, and that evening he went back to the peepal tree with twenty rupees.

Mohammed Chacha pushed the money away. "You did the work," he said. "Keep it. Buy a kit."

Arnav did. The next time his tyre went flat, he mended it himself in eight minutes, and he was not late at all.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
puncture
a small hole in a tyre that lets the air out
roughen
to make a surface rough
patch
a small piece of material used to cover a hole

Why was Arnav in a hurry?

Options for question 261

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · His tyre went flat on the morning of his maths exam

  1. "When Arnav's tyre went flat on the morning of his maths exam, he ran to the tree."

Worth noting

He says "I'm late" because of the exam.

Why did Mohammed Chacha make Arnav mend the puncture himself?

Options for question 262

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · He wanted Arnav to learn a skill that would make him faster in future

  1. When Arnav protests, the old man says, "You will be faster next time."

Worth noting

He had his tools and gave them to Arnav, so it was not a lack of tools.

How did Arnav find the hole in the tube?

Options for question 263

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · By pushing the tube under water until bubbles showed where it was

  1. He "pushed it under the water in the bucket until a line of tiny bubbles showed where the hole was."

Worth noting

The bucket of water was part of Mohammed Chacha's equipment from the start.

Why did Mohammed Chacha refuse the twenty rupees?

Options for question 264

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · Arnav had done the work, so the old man felt the money was not his

  1. "You did the work," he said. "Keep it. Buy a puncture kit."

Worth noting

He also tells Arnav how to use the money, which shows he wants him to be independent.

What is the lesson of the story?

Options for question 265

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Learning to do something yourself helps you more than having it done for you

  1. Arnav was late once, but next time he mended the tyre "in eight minutes, and he was not late at all".

Worth noting

The story admits the first delay cost him; the point is the long-term gain.

The notebook in the rain

Narrative · 249 words · 5 questions

The notebook in the rain

Farhan had written every chemistry note for two years in one thick blue notebook. It held every , every diagram and every trick his teacher had shown him, and his board exams were three weeks away.

On the way home from , the monsoon broke. Farhan ran, but the plastic bag around his books had a hole in it. By the time he reached home, the blue notebook was a soft, block, and the ink of the last forty pages had run into grey clouds.

He sat on the floor of his room and did not move for a long time.

His sister Nida found him there. She did not tell him it was all right, because it was not. She picked up the notebook, opened it gently, and began to lay the pages out one by one on the floor under the fan.

Some pages dried and could be read. Most of the last forty could not. That night, Farhan sat down at the table with a new notebook and began to write the lost pages again from memory, checking the textbook only when he was stuck.

It took him eight evenings. To his surprise, he remembered more than he had expected, and in rewriting the notes he understood several things he had only copied before.

Three weeks later, in the exam hall, a question came on a topic from those lost pages. Farhan smiled. He had not just written that answer. He had written it twice.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
formula
a short way of showing a rule or fact using letters and numbers
tuition
extra teaching, often given privately
swollen
larger than usual, especially with water or fluid

What happened to Farhan's notebook?

Options for question 266

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · It was soaked in the monsoon rain and much of the ink ran

  1. The plastic bag had a hole, and the notebook became "a soft, swollen block", with the ink of the last forty pages run into "grey clouds".

Worth noting

The damage came from rain, through the hole in the bag.

"He sat on the floor of his room and did not move for a long time." What does this show?

Options for question 267

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · He was shocked and upset by the loss

  1. Two years of notes were ruined three weeks before his exams; sitting still shows how stunned he was.

Worth noting

The story does not say he was tired; the stillness follows the discovery of the damage.

Why did Nida not tell Farhan it was all right?

Options for question 268

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · It was not all right, and she chose to help in a practical way instead

  1. The story says she did not, "because it was not". Instead she began to dry the pages.

Worth noting

Her action shows care, not indifference.

What did Farhan discover while rewriting the lost pages?

Options for question 269

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · That he remembered more than he expected and now understood things he had only copied before

  1. "He remembered more than he had expected, and in rewriting the notes he understood several things he had only copied before."

Worth noting

He checked the textbook only when stuck; it was not wrong.

"He had not just written that answer. He had written it twice." What is the point of this ending?

Options for question 270

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · The loss turned into an advantage, because rewriting the notes had fixed them in his mind

  1. The question came from "those lost pages", which he had written once in the old notebook and again from memory.

Worth noting

"Written it twice" refers to his two sets of notes, not to the exam paper.

The girl in the photograph

Narrative · 248 words · 5 questions

The girl in the photograph

While clearing out her grandmother's , Diya found a photograph she had never seen. It showed a young woman of about twenty in a white sari, standing on a cricket field with a bat on her shoulder. Behind her, a group of other young women were laughing.

"Who is this?" Diya asked.

Her grandmother took the photograph, held it close to her eyes and was silent for a while. "That is me," she said. "Nagpur, 1968. We had a women's team at the college."

Diya laughed, then stopped when she saw her grandmother's face. She had never seen her grandmother do anything more than walk to the temple. "You played cricket?"

"I opened the batting," said her grandmother. "I was quite good. We played other colleges. Once I scored sixty-two."

"Why did you stop?"

Her grandmother put the photograph down gently. "I got married the next year," she said. "In those days, that was the end of it. Nobody said I must stop. Nobody said I could go on."

Diya did not know what to say. That evening, she put the photograph in a frame and stood it on the shelf in the drawing room, where everyone would see it.

The next Sunday, she took her grandmother to watch her own college team play. Her grandmother sat at the for three hours, shouting advice that nobody had asked for, and on the way home she told Diya exactly what the opening batter had been doing wrong.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
trunk
a large strong box for storing or carrying things
energetic
full of energy and activity
boundary
the edge of a cricket field; a line that marks the edge of an area

What did the photograph show?

Options for question 271

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · Diya's grandmother as a young woman on a cricket field with a bat

  1. It showed "a young woman of about twenty in a white sari, standing on a cricket field with a bat on her shoulder", who turns out to be her grandmother.

Worth noting

The other women in the background were her teammates.

Why did Diya stop laughing?

Options for question 272

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · She saw from her grandmother's face that this mattered deeply to her

  1. "Diya laughed, then stopped when she saw her grandmother's face."

Worth noting

Her grandmother does not scold her; her expression alone is enough.

"Nobody said I must stop. Nobody said I could go on." What does the grandmother mean?

Options for question 273

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · No one forced her to stop, but no one supported her continuing, so in practice her playing ended

  1. After marriage, "In those days, that was the end of it". Without anyone saying she could go on, she simply stopped.

Worth noting

The point is that silence and custom ended it, not a direct order.

Why does Diya put the photograph in a frame in the drawing room?

Options for question 274

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · To honour her grandmother's forgotten achievement, so everyone would see it

  1. She places it "where everyone would see it", the opposite of being hidden in a trunk.

Worth noting

Moving it from the trunk to the shelf changes it from a hidden memory to something to be proud of.

What does the last paragraph show about the grandmother?

Options for question 275

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Her love and knowledge of the game are still very much alive

  1. She sits at the boundary for three hours "shouting advice that nobody had asked for" and explains what the opening batter did wrong.

Worth noting

"Advice that nobody had asked for" is a fond joke, not a sign that she dislikes the team.

The boat to school

Narrative · 246 words · 5 questions

The boat to school

The children of Majuli's eastern villages did not walk to school. They went by boat.

Every morning at seven, Hemanta's father eight of them across the to the school on the other bank. It took forty minutes in the dry season and over an hour when the Brahmaputra rose in the rains. The children sat in a row in the narrow boat with their schoolbags on their knees, and Hemanta, who was twelve, sat at the front and watched for floating branches.

One July morning the river was higher and faster than anyone could remember. Hemanta's father stood on the bank for a long time, watching the brown water, and then said there would be no crossing that day.

The younger children . Hemanta did not. His mathematics exam was that morning, and he had studied for it for a month.

His father looked at his face. Then he looked at the river again. "No," he said. "Not today. The exam will come again. You will not."

Hemanta was angry all day. He sat on the bank and watched the water carry whole trees past the village, and in the afternoon he saw part of the far bank slide into the river.

The next week the headmaster held the exam again for the children from across the channel. Hemanta did well. But he never forgot the trees in the brown water, or the way his father had looked at the river before he spoke.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
channel
a narrow stretch of water between two pieces of land
row
to move a boat through water using oars
cheer
to shout with joy

How did the children of the eastern villages get to school?

Options for question 276

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · By boat across the channel

  1. "They went by boat." Hemanta's father "rowed eight of them across the channel".

Worth noting

The school was "on the other bank", across the water.

What was Hemanta's job in the boat?

Options for question 277

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Sitting at the front and watching for floating branches

  1. He "sat at the front and watched for floating branches".

Worth noting

His father did the rowing.

Why did Hemanta not cheer with the younger children?

Options for question 278

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · His mathematics exam was that day, and he had studied for a month

  1. "His mathematics exam was that morning, and he had studied for it for a month."

Worth noting

The younger children were glad of a day off; Hemanta had a reason to want to go.

"The exam will come again. You will not." What does the father mean?

Options for question 279

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · An exam can be taken again, but a child lost to the river cannot be brought back

  1. The river was "higher and faster than anyone could remember"; crossing it risked the children's lives.

  2. Later Hemanta sees whole trees carried past and part of the far bank slide into the river.

Worth noting

The father is weighing a missed exam against a life, not predicting failure.

How does Hemanta's view of the day seem to change by the end?

Options for question 280

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · Seeing the river's power, he comes to understand his father's decision

  1. He "never forgot the trees in the brown water, or the way his father had looked at the river before he spoke".

Worth noting

His anger lasted "all day", but the ending shows the memory that taught him why his father was right.

The last raid

Narrative · 258 words · 5 questions

The last raid

The kabaddi final between Rampur and Kheri was level, twenty-eight points each, with one raid left. Rampur's was Gurpreet, the fastest boy in the district, and the whole village was on the edge of the field, shouting his name.

Gurpreet crossed the line, chanting "kabaddi, kabaddi" under his breath, and towards the Kheri defenders. One of them dived for his ankle. Gurpreet twisted, touched another player's shoulder with his fingertips and back to his own half. The raised his arm: one point to Rampur. The village roared.

But Gurpreet did not raise his arms. He was looking at his own foot. As he twisted, he had felt it touch the outside line, the line that put a raider out. The referee had not seen it. Nobody had seen it, except perhaps the Kheri boy who had dived.

For a moment Gurpreet stood still while his team ran towards him. Then he walked to the referee and said something. The referee frowned, spoke to the line judge, and lowered his arm.

The point was taken away. In the extra raid, Kheri scored and won.

The Rampur crowd was silent on the long walk home. Some of the older men would not look at Gurpreet. But the Kheri boy who had dived for his ankle came across the field afterwards, shook his hand and did not let go for a long moment. And the next season, when the district team was chosen, the , who had been watching from the crowd that day, picked Gurpreet first.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (5)
raider
(in kabaddi) the player who enters the other team's half to touch opponents
dart
to move suddenly and quickly
sprint
to run very fast for a short distance
referee
an official who makes sure players follow the rules
selector
a person who chooses the players for a team

What was the score before the last raid?

Options for question 281

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · The teams were level, twenty-eight points each

  1. The final "was level, twenty-eight points each, with one raid left."

Worth noting

The score was equal, which is why the last raid mattered so much.

Why did Gurpreet not raise his arms after the referee gave the point?

Options for question 282

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · He knew his foot had touched the outside line, so the point should not have counted

  1. "As he twisted, he had felt it touch the outside line, the line that put a raider out."

Worth noting

He was not hurt; he was looking at his foot because he knew what had happened.

What did Gurpreet most likely say to the referee?

Options for question 283

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · That his foot had touched the outside line

  1. After he spoke, the referee checked with the line judge and "lowered his arm", taking the point away.

Worth noting

The result, losing the point, matches an honest admission about his foot.

Why did the Kheri boy hold Gurpreet's hand "for a long moment"?

Options for question 284

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · He was showing deep respect for Gurpreet's honesty

  1. He was perhaps the only other person who had seen the foot touch the line, so he knew Gurpreet had given up victory to tell the truth.

Worth noting

A long handshake from an opponent shows respect, not gloating.

What is the main message of the story?

Options for question 285

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · Honesty can cost a victory but earns lasting respect

  1. Gurpreet loses the final by telling the truth, yet wins the respect of his opponent and is picked first for the district team.

Worth noting

The silent walk home shows the cost; the ending shows the reward.

The debate

Narrative · 253 words · 5 questions

The debate

Meenal had written her speech school uniforms, and she had written it well. She had practised it in front of the mirror, in front of her brother, and once, to his great , in front of her brother's friends. She knew it so well that she could have said it backwards.

Then the speaker, a quiet boy from the other school, stood up first and made every one of her points for her, and answered them.

He said that uniforms were meant to hide the difference between rich and poor, and then he pointed out, gently, that everyone could still tell whose uniform was new and whose had been worn by three older sisters. He said that uniforms saved time in the morning, and then he asked how much time his own mother had spent saving for a .

By the time Meenal walked to the microphone, her speech was a pile of arguments he had already knocked down. She looked at the first line, the one she had practised most, and could not make herself say it.

"I was going to tell you uniforms make us equal," she heard herself say. "I think I was wrong about why. They don't make us equal. They just make it harder to see when we're not. Maybe that's still worth something. I'm not sure."

She sat down to a silence she was certain was the worst she had ever caused. Then the quiet boy from the other school began to clap.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
in favour of
supporting or agreeing with something
embarrassment
the feeling of being uncomfortable or ashamed in front of others
opposing
on the other side of an argument or contest
blazer
a jacket, often part of a school uniform

Which side of the debate was Meenal on at the start?

Options for question 286

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · In favour of school uniforms

  1. The first sentence says she "had written her speech in favour of school uniforms".

Worth noting

The opposing speaker was against; Meenal was for.

Why could Meenal not say the first line of her speech?

Options for question 287

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · The other speaker's arguments had made her doubt it

  1. The first speaker had already answered all her points, so her speech had become "a pile of arguments he had already knocked down".

  2. She could not make herself say a line she no longer fully believed.

Worth noting

The story says she knew the speech so well she could say it backwards. Forgetting is not the reason.

"A pile of arguments he had already knocked down" suggests that her arguments

Options for question 288

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · had been answered and shown to be weak

  1. To knock down an argument is to show that it does not hold up.

  2. Because he had already answered each of her points, her speech was left as a heap of arguments that no longer stood.

Worth noting

Nothing physical has fallen. The phrase uses the picture of knocking something down to describe defeating an idea.

Why does the quiet boy begin to clap?

Options for question 289

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · He respects her for honestly changing her mind in public

  1. Meenal admits she was wrong about why uniforms matter and speaks her real thoughts instead of her prepared speech.

  2. Being the first to clap, especially as her opponent, shows respect for that honesty.

Worth noting

The story gives no sign he is mocking her. Clapping first, in a silence, is a gesture of support.

Which of the following best states what the story suggests?

Options for question 290

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · Being honest about a changed opinion can matter more than winning

  1. Meenal abandons the speech she practised and says what she now thinks, uncertainty included, and the story ends with her opponent's respect.

  2. The story values her honesty above her winning or losing.

Worth noting

The story does not take a side on uniforms. Meenal ends by saying she is "not sure", and the story leaves it there.

The letter home

Narrative · 204 words · 5 questions

The letter home

Dear Amma,

The city is very big and very loud, and I am well. The factory gives us two meals and a bed in a room with five other men. They are good men. One of them is from a village near ours, and he like Appa's old tractor, so I feel quite at home.

The work is not hard. I stand at a machine that cuts cloth, and I watch that it cuts straight. At the end of the month I will send the money for Chotu's school and for the roof. Do not let Chotu tell you he can leave school. He is cleverer than I was, and he should stay.

I have bought a small fan with my first money. It makes more noise than wind, but I have it Monsoon, and the other men laugh. In the evenings we sit on the roof, where it is cooler, and one of them plays songs on his phone.

Please do not worry about me. Please tell Chotu that he must study, and that I said so.

Your son, Suresh

P.S. The food is not like yours. Nothing is. But I am eating it all, as you told me.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
snore
to breathe noisily while sleeping
fee
money paid for a service, such as school
name
to give someone or something a name

What is Suresh's main purpose in writing the letter?

Options for question 291

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · To reassure his mother that he is well, and to make sure his brother stays in school

  1. He says "I am well", jokes to make his situation sound cheerful, and repeats twice that Chotu must stay in school.

  2. Reassuring his mother and protecting Chotu's education are what the letter keeps returning to.

Worth noting

He is sending money home, not asking for it.

Why does Suresh describe his roommate's snoring as "like Appa's old tractor, so I feel quite at home"?

Options for question 292

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · He uses a joke to make a hard situation sound comforting, so his mother will not worry

  1. Sharing a room with five men and a loud snorer is not easy, but he turns it into a joke about home.

  2. The humour is meant to comfort his mother, just as his line "Please do not worry about me" is.

Worth noting

A comparison with home is not a complaint. He makes the discomfort sound familiar and funny.

What does "He is cleverer than I was, and he should stay" suggest about Suresh?

Options for question 293

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerB · He left school himself, and wants his brother to have the chance he did not

  1. Suresh works in a factory and pays Chotu's school fees. Saying Chotu is "cleverer than I was" suggests Suresh gave up his own studies.

  2. He wants his brother to have the education he did not complete.

Worth noting

Nothing suggests jealousy. He insists twice that Chotu must study.

Why has Suresh named his fan "Monsoon"?

Options for question 294

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · As a joke, because it is noisy but gives little wind

  1. He says the fan "makes more noise than wind", and yet he calls it after the strongest wind and rain of the year.

  2. The name is a joke, and the other men laugh at it.

Worth noting

The fan is weak, so a name suggesting great power is ironic.

What does the P.S. reveal that the rest of the letter does not say directly?

Options for question 295

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerA · Suresh misses home, even though he says he is well

  1. "The food is not like yours. Nothing is." For a moment, he admits that nothing in the city is like home.

  2. The rest of the letter keeps a cheerful tone; the P.S. lets his homesickness show.

Worth noting

"I am eating it all, as you told me" shows he is obeying his mother, not refusing food.

Second place

Narrative · 240 words · 5 questions

Second place

Priyanka had won the district running race three years in a row, and everyone, including Priyanka, she would win it a fourth time.

The new girl from the government school ran . She was a head shorter than Priyanka and wore a T-shirt three sizes too big, and at the start she stood a little from the others, as if she was not sure she was allowed to be there.

For three hundred metres, Priyanka led, as she always did. Then she heard feet behind her that should not have been there, quick and light, and the barefoot girl went past her on the inside as if Priyanka were standing still.

Priyanka had imagined losing before, in the way people imagine things that will never happen. It had always been a disaster in her imagination: tears, silence in the car home, her coach looking away. What she had not imagined was how strange it would feel to be beaten fairly by someone better.

At the finishing line, the new girl bent over with her hands on her knees, breathing hard, and did not seem to know what to do next. Nobody had come to cheer for her.

Priyanka walked over. "Where did you learn to run like that?" she asked.

The girl looked up, . "Running to school," she said. "It's six kilometres."

"Then you've been training longer than I have," said Priyanka, and held out her hand.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
assume
to think something is true without checking
barefoot
without shoes or socks
apart
separated by a distance
startled
suddenly surprised or frightened

How many times had Priyanka won the race before?

Options for question 296

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AnswerA · Three times in a row

  1. The first sentence says she "had won the district running race three years in a row".

Worth noting

Everyone assumed she would win a fourth time, but she did not.

What does the new girl standing "a little apart from the others" suggest?

Options for question 297

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerC · She felt unsure whether she belonged among the other runners

  1. The story adds "as if she was not sure she was allowed to be there".

  2. Standing apart shows her shyness and sense of not belonging.

Worth noting

Nothing suggests she was unfriendly; she seems uncertain, not cold.

What surprised Priyanka about losing?

Options for question 298

Show the explanationHide the explanation

AnswerD · That losing fairly to someone better felt different from the disaster she had imagined

  1. She had always imagined losing as tears, silence and a coach looking away.

  2. What she had not imagined was "how strange it would feel to be beaten fairly by someone better". The real experience was not the disaster of her imagination.

Worth noting

The story does not say she did not care. It says the feeling was strange, not what she had expected.

What does "Then you've been training longer than I have" show about Priyanka?

Options for question 299

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AnswerA · She generously recognises the new girl's hard work and accepts defeat with grace

  1. The girl has run six kilometres to school every day. Priyanka sees that as serious training, perhaps more than her own.

  2. Saying so, and holding out her hand, shows respect and good sportsmanship.

Worth noting

She had just been beaten "fairly", in her own words, so she does not think the race was unfair.

Why does the writer mention that "Nobody had come to cheer for her"?

Options for question 300

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AnswerC · To show how alone the new girl was, which makes Priyanka's approach more meaningful

  1. The girl won, yet had no one to share it with and "did not seem to know what to do next".

  2. This makes Priyanka's walking over to her a real kindness, not just politeness.

Worth noting

She had just won the race, so the detail cannot be about her ability.

The chess set

Narrative · 222 words · 5 questions

The chess set

When Arjun's grandfather lost his sight, the family he would stop playing chess. He had played every evening for fifty years, first with his brother, then with his friends at the club, and in the last few years with Arjun, who almost always lost.

For a month the chess set stayed in its box. Then one evening his grandfather called Arjun and asked him to bring it.

"You'll have to tell me your moves," he said. "And tell me mine, when I make them, so I know I've put the piece where I meant to."

The first game was slow and . Arjun forgot to say his moves out loud, and twice his grandfather's hand knocked over a piece while searching for another. They gave up after twenty moves.

The second game went a little better. By the end of the week, his grandfather was holding the whole board in his head, asking "Is your bishop still on c4?" in a voice that suggested he knew perfectly well that it was.

On the tenth evening, Arjun won. He was so pleased that he said "!" before he remembered, and then felt terrible.

His grandfather laughed for a long time. "Fifty years I've been waiting for you to beat me," he said, "and you had to wait until I couldn't see it."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
assume
to think something is true without checking
confused
unable to think clearly or understand what is happening
checkmate
in chess, the position in which a king is trapped and the game is won

What did the grandfather ask Arjun to do so they could play?

Options for question 301

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AnswerB · Say every move out loud, his own and his grandfather's

  1. He says: "You'll have to tell me your moves. And tell me mine, when I make them".

Worth noting

The grandfather still moves his own pieces; he only needs to hear where they are.

What does "holding the whole board in his head" mean?

Options for question 302

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AnswerA · He could remember the position of every piece without seeing it

  1. He asks "Is your bishop still on c4?" as if he already knows. He is keeping the whole game in his memory.

Worth noting

The phrase is a picture of memory, not something physical.

How did the grandfather's question "Is your bishop still on c4?" sound?

Options for question 303

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AnswerD · As if he knew perfectly well the answer, and was asking only to confirm, or to tease

  1. The story says it came "in a voice that suggested he knew perfectly well that it was".

  2. By the end of the week, he no longer needed help; the question showed his confidence.

Worth noting

Early on he was confused, but this question comes when he has mastered the board.

Why did Arjun "feel terrible" after saying "Checkmate!"?

Options for question 304

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AnswerC · He worried that celebrating his win would hurt his blind grandfather's feelings

  1. He was so pleased he shouted it "before he remembered", that is, remembered his grandfather's blindness.

  2. He feared his joy might seem unkind to someone who had lost his sight.

Worth noting

His grandfather's laughter shows he was not angry at all.

What does the grandfather's final remark show about him?

Options for question 305

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AnswerA · He can laugh at his situation, and is warmly proud of his grandson

  1. He laughs "for a long time" and jokes that he waited fifty years for Arjun to win.

  2. The joke about not being able to see it shows humour about his blindness, and his waiting shows affection and pride.

Worth noting

The laughter and the joke are the opposite of bitterness.

The night bus

Narrative · 231 words · 5 questions

The night bus

The bus broke down at a quarter past midnight, on a of highway with no lights and no town for twenty kilometres. The driver climbed out, lifted the , looked inside for a long time, and climbed back in.

"Two hours," he announced. "Maybe three. A mechanic is coming from Hubli."

Meera, who was nineteen and travelling alone for the first time, pulled her bag closer and tried to look like someone who did this every week. The man across the aisle, who had been snoring since Dharwad, woke up, looked around, and began unwrapping a cloth parcel.

"Chakli?" he said, holding it out to her.

Every warning she had ever heard about strangers came back to her at once. She shook her head politely. The man shrugged and offered the parcel to the family in front instead, who took several.

Somewhere in the second hour, the family's baby began to cry, and would not stop. The mother was . It was the snoring man who took the baby, walked it slowly up and down the dark aisle, and sang to it in a low, voice until it fell asleep on his shoulder.

When he came back, Meera held out her hand.

"Is there any chakli left?" she asked.

He smiled, and gave her the last two pieces. They were, she decided, the best chakli she had ever eaten.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
stretch
a length or area of land, road or water
bonnet
the metal cover over the engine at the front of a vehicle
exhausted
extremely tired
tuneless
not having a pleasant tune; out of tune

Why did the bus stop?

Options for question 306

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AnswerB · It broke down

  1. The first sentence says "The bus broke down at a quarter past midnight", and a mechanic had to be called.

Worth noting

The driver checked the engine, which is what you would do after a breakdown.

Why did Meera refuse the chakli at first?

Options for question 307

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AnswerA · She remembered warnings about accepting things from strangers

  1. The story says "Every warning she had ever heard about strangers came back to her at once."

  2. Travelling alone for the first time, at night, she was being careful.

Worth noting

She later says the chakli is the best she has eaten, so dislike is not the reason.

What changed Meera's mind about the man?

Options for question 308

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AnswerD · She saw him gently calm the crying baby for the tired mother

  1. She asks for chakli only after watching him walk the baby "slowly up and down the dark aisle" and sing it to sleep.

  2. His kindness to the family showed her he could be trusted.

Worth noting

Nothing in the story involves money or identity cards. What she saw was his kindness.

Meera "tried to look like someone who did this every week". This shows that she was

Options for question 309

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AnswerC · nervous, but trying to appear confident

  1. She is nineteen and "travelling alone for the first time", and she pulls her bag closer.

  2. Trying to look experienced shows she wanted to hide her nervousness.

Worth noting

The story says it was her first time alone, so she was not a regular traveller.

What does the ending, "the best chakli she had ever eaten", suggest?

Options for question 310

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AnswerD · The chakli tasted special because of the trust and kindness it now stood for

  1. The chakli is the same food she refused earlier. What has changed is how she sees the man.

  2. Accepting it now means accepting his kindness, which is what makes it taste so good to her.

Worth noting

The word "decided" shows it is her feeling about the moment, not a judgement of the cooking.

The last lesson

Narrative · 232 words · 5 questions

The last lesson

Mr Fernandes had taught mathematics at St Joseph's for thirty-six years, and on his last day he taught the same lesson he taught every Friday: a problem on the board, and forty minutes to solve it.

The students had planned a . There was a card with everyone's names, a cake in the and a speech that Rhea had rewritten six times. But Mr Fernandes walked in, nodded at the class, and began writing numbers on the board as if it were any other Friday.

Rhea looked at the others. Nobody quite knew what to do. So they did what they always did: they opened their notebooks and started working.

The problem was harder than usual. For twenty minutes the only sound was on the board and pencils on paper. Then, one by one, the students began to see it. Rhea saw it last, and when she did, she looked up and found Mr Fernandes watching her, the way he always did, waiting for that exact moment.

When the bell rang, he put the chalk down.

"Every Friday for thirty-six years," he said, "I have watched somebody understand something they did not understand at the start of the lesson. It is the best thing I know." He paused. "I wanted to see it one more time."

Rhea never gave her speech. Nobody in the room thought it was needed.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
farewell
an act of saying goodbye
chalk
a soft white stick used for writing on a blackboard
staff room
a room in a school where teachers rest and work

What had the students planned for Mr Fernandes's last day?

Options for question 311

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AnswerC · A card, a cake and a speech

  1. The second paragraph lists them: "a card with everyone's names, a cake in the staff room and a speech".

Worth noting

The mathematics problem was Mr Fernandes's plan, not the students'.

Why did the students start working on the problem?

Options for question 312

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AnswerB · Unsure what to do, they did what they always did in his class

  1. The story says "Nobody quite knew what to do. So they did what they always did".

  2. His calm routine led them back into the usual habit of working.

Worth noting

The problem was "harder than usual", so it was not easy.

Why did Mr Fernandes teach an ordinary lesson on his last day?

Options for question 313

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AnswerC · He wanted to see one more time the moment a student understands something new

  1. He says that watching somebody understand something new "is the best thing I know", and "I wanted to see it one more time."

Worth noting

He clearly knew it was his last day; that is why he wanted to see it "one more time".

Why was Rhea's speech not needed?

Options for question 314

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AnswerD · The lesson itself had become a more meaningful farewell than any speech

  1. Mr Fernandes's words showed what teaching had meant to him, and the class had shared that moment with him.

  2. After that, a prepared speech would have added nothing, which is why "Nobody in the room thought it was needed."

Worth noting

The story gives no sign that she forgot it or that anyone was angry.

The mood of the story's ending is best described as

Options for question 315

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AnswerA · quiet and moving

  1. The ending is calm: chalk put down, a short speech about what mattered to him, and a room that understands.

  2. The feeling is gentle and deeply felt rather than loud.

Worth noting

There is no cake-and-celebration scene; the farewell happens quietly in the lesson.

The scholarship form

Narrative · 236 words · 5 questions

The scholarship form

The form had lain on the kitchen shelf for nine days, under the tea tin. Kavya could see its corner from where she sat.

It was for a at a college in Pune, three hundred kilometres away. Her teacher had filled in the parts she could and written, in the , "You must apply. Last date 30th." Today was the 28th.

Her father's shop had done badly since the new supermarket opened on the highway. Her mother now stitched blouses in the evenings, and Kavya did the for the shop after school, because she was better with numbers than anyone else in the house. If she went to Pune, who would do them?

She had not told her parents about the form. She had told herself it was because there was no point. Now she was not so sure. Perhaps she had not told them because she was afraid of what they would say. Or perhaps because she was afraid they would say yes.

In the evening, her father came in, took down the tea tin, and the form slid to the floor. He picked it up and read it slowly, all of it, including the margin. Kavya held her breath.

He put it on the table in front of her. Then he went to the drawer, took out a pen, and laid it beside the form.

"The accounts," he said, "I will learn."

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (3)
scholarship
money given to a student to help pay for their studies
margin
the empty space at the side of a written page
accounts
a record of the money a business earns and spends

What is the central conflict in the story?

Options for question 316

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AnswerB · Kavya wants to apply for the scholarship but feels her family needs her at home

  1. She has a chance to study in Pune, but she keeps the shop's accounts and worries about who would do them if she left.

Worth noting

Her father does not forbid anything; at the end he encourages her.

Why had the family's shop been doing badly?

Options for question 317

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AnswerB · A new supermarket had opened on the highway

  1. The third paragraph says "Her father's shop had done badly since the new supermarket opened on the highway."

Worth noting

The passage says Kavya was better with numbers than anyone else, not that she made mistakes.

Why might Kavya have been "afraid they would say yes"?

Options for question 318

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AnswerD · Because a yes would force her to choose, and leaving would mean leaving her family to manage alone

  1. As long as no one says yes, Kavya does not have to decide.

  2. A yes would make the choice real: she would have to go, and her family would lose her help with the accounts.

Worth noting

She clearly wants the scholarship. Her fear is of what going would cost her family, not of studying.

What does the father mean by "The accounts, I will learn"?

Options for question 319

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AnswerA · He wants her to apply, and will take over her work so that she can go

  1. He places a pen beside the form, encouraging her to fill it in.

  2. Then he answers the question that has been holding her back: who would do the accounts.

Worth noting

The pen laid beside the form shows he wants her to apply, which rules out a refusal.

Why does the writer have the father read the form "slowly, all of it, including the margin"?

Options for question 320

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AnswerC · To build suspense, and to show that he reads the teacher's words urging Kavya to apply

  1. Kavya "held her breath" while he read, which builds suspense.

  2. The margin holds the teacher's note, "You must apply", so the father sees how strongly she was urged to go.

Worth noting

The detail matters because of what the margin says, not because the form is long.

The interview

Narrative · 249 words · 5 questions

The interview

There were six of them on the bench outside the office, and Divya was the only one without a file. She had her certificates in a plastic bag from a sweet shop.

When her name was called, three people sat behind a long table. The man in the middle asked the usual questions, and she gave the answers she had practised in front of the mirror. Then the woman on the left, who had said nothing so far, put down her pen.

"Tell us about a time you failed."

Divya had not practised this. The honest answer came into her head before she could stop it: her first attempt at the bank exam, when she had studied every night for six months and missed the by two marks.

She could have something small and safe. Instead, she told them the truth: the six months, the two marks, the week she spent not speaking to anyone. Then she told them what came after. She had gone through the paper question by question and found that she had lost nine marks to errors. So she had practised checking her work until it became a habit.

"Did you pass the second time?" asked the woman.

"I have not taken it a second time," said Divya. "I am taking it in March."

There was a silence. Divya was sure she had ruined everything.

The woman picked up her pen again, and for the first time that morning, she smiled.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
laminated
covered in a thin layer of clear plastic for protection
invent
to make up a story that is not true
cut-off
the lowest mark needed to pass or be selected
careless
not paying enough attention, so that mistakes happen

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 321

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AnswerD · A young woman who answers a hard interview question honestly and impresses the interviewer

  1. Divya chooses to tell the truth about her failure and what she learnt, and the story ends with the interviewer smiling.

Worth noting

The story says she could have invented something but chose the truth.

What does the detail about the plastic bag from a sweet shop suggest?

Options for question 322

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AnswerD · Divya had fewer resources than the other candidates, and may have felt out of place

  1. Everyone else had a laminated file. Divya had only a plastic bag.

  2. The contrast hints that she had less money or preparation, and it makes her later confidence more striking.

Worth noting

The bag contains her certificates, so she has not forgotten them.

Why did Divya think she "had ruined everything"?

Options for question 323

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AnswerB · Because she had admitted to failing, and had not yet passed

  1. She told them about failing, and then admitted she had not yet passed. In the silence that followed, she feared that honesty had cost her the job.

Worth noting

Nothing in the story suggests rudeness or lateness.

What did Divya do after failing the bank exam?

Options for question 324

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AnswerA · She studied each question and practised checking her work

  1. She "found that she had lost nine marks to careless errors" and "practised checking her work until it became a habit".

Worth noting

She spent one week not speaking to anyone, but then went back to work; she did not give up.

What does the woman's smile at the end most likely suggest?

Options for question 325

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AnswerC · She valued Divya's honesty and how she learnt from failure

  1. The woman asked the hard question, heard an honest answer about learning from failure, and "for the first time that morning, she smiled".

  2. That suggests she was impressed.

Worth noting

The story gives no sign that the answer was funny.

The map

Narrative · 262 words · 5 questions

The map

When the team came to Belpada, they needed someone who knew every lane, well and field . The headman sent them Tulsi, who was fourteen and had delivered milk to every house since she was eight.

For three days she walked ahead of the young officer with his tablet and his GPS. She knew which lane flooded in August, and which well had gone salty after the cyclone. She knew that the old banyan was a boundary, though no paper said so, because two families had agreed it in her grandfather's time.

On the fourth day the officer showed her the map on his screen. There was her village, drawn in neat lines and labelled in English: roads, houses, plots.

Tulsi looked at it for a long time.

"Where is the banyan?" she asked.

"Trees are not on the map," he said. "Only boundaries."

"The banyan is a boundary."

He frowned, and checked his papers. Then he looked at her. It was a long look, as if he had not properly seen her until then. He opened a new on the tablet and asked her to show him again, slowly, every place that the paper did not know.

It took the rest of the week. When the final map came, the banyan was on it, a small green circle with a name in English beside it that Tulsi could not read. Her grandfather could, a little. He it with his finger and said it was the first time the village had been written down the way it really was.

Written for EduFarming

Words in this passage (4)
survey
a careful measuring and recording of land
boundary
a line that marks the edge of an area
layer
on a computer map or picture, one level of information laid over another
trace
to follow a line or shape with your finger or a pen

What is the story mainly about?

Options for question 326

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AnswerA · A girl whose local knowledge makes an official map truer to the village

  1. Tulsi guides the survey and shows the officer the banyan boundary that his papers do not record. The final map includes it.

Worth noting

The two families' agreement is part of Tulsi's knowledge, not the subject of the story.

Why was Tulsi chosen to guide the survey team?

Options for question 327

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AnswerB · She had delivered milk to every house since she was eight

  1. The first paragraph says she "had delivered milk to every house since she was eight".

  2. So she knew every lane, well and field.

Worth noting

The last paragraph says she could not read the English labels.

Why was the banyan a boundary even though "no paper said so"?

Options for question 328

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AnswerB · Two families had agreed it long ago, and the village still respected that agreement

  1. The second paragraph says it was a boundary "because two families had agreed it in her grandfather's time".

  2. The agreement was real, even though it was never written down.

Worth noting

"No paper said so" means the government had not recorded it.

What does the officer's "long look, as if he had not properly seen her until then" suggest?

Options for question 329

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AnswerD · He suddenly realised that she knew things his papers did not

  1. After checking his papers, he understood that she was right about something official records had missed.

  2. He then opened a new layer to record "every place that the paper did not know".

Worth noting

What he does next, asking her to show him everything, is respect, not anger.

What is the significance of the grandfather's words at the end?

Options for question 330

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AnswerA · The map now records the village as the people who live there know it

  1. He says it was "the first time the village had been written down the way it really was".

  2. Because of Tulsi, the map now includes what only the villagers knew.

Worth noting

Reading English "a little" is how he can read the label; it is not the point of his words.

NTA's English syllabus is one page. It names two skill areas: Reading Comprehension, with three kinds of passage of at most 300 words each (factual, narrative and literary), and Verbal Ability, with four item types (rearranging the parts, match the following, choosing the correct word, synonyms and antonyms). It says the questions are not limited to these, and prints no chapters and no split of the 50 questions. So the chapters here are ours. Reading is split by the kind of passage, because a poem is not read the way a report is. Verbal Ability is split into three areas of our own: Vocabulary, Sentence & paragraph order, and Grammar & usage. Where a chapter covers something past NTA's short list, it says so, and it is there because the papers since 2022 have asked it.