A narrative passage tells a story: things happen, in an order, to people who want something. CUET asks what happened and why, what a character is like, what the story suggests without saying, and what its tone is. This lesson gives a method for each, with worked examples and the traps in the options.
A story is a chain: someone wants something, something gets in the way, something changes. Read for that chain. Most questions on a narrative ask about one link in it: what happened, why it happened, or what it shows about the people involved.
A story also leaves things unsaid on purpose. When a character looks at something "for a long moment", the writer wants you to work out why. Those gaps are where the harder questions come from.
Follow three things: who wants what, what stands in the way, and what has changed by the end. If you can say those in one sentence each when you finish, you can answer most of the questions without reading the story again.
Watch the time words: "that morning", "for a minute", "that evening", "years later". Stories do not always tell events in the order they happened; a writer may open at the end and go back. A question that asks "what happened first" is testing exactly this, so note any jump in time.
Exam shortcut
Say the story to yourself in three short parts: the start, the problem, the end. It takes ten seconds and settles most sequence and main-idea questions.
Find the moment in the story, then look just before it for the cause. Writers usually set up a reason in the sentence or two before the event. The right answer names that reason; wrong answers name something else that happened nearby, or a reason the story never gives.
Example 1 · The reason is set up just before
Asha had practised the speech every night for a week. On the stage, she looked out at the hall, saw her grandmother in the front row wearing her best sari, and forgot every word. Then she smiled, and began to speak without her notes.
Why did Asha forget her speech? Options: she had not practised; the hall was too noisy; seeing her grandmother there overwhelmed her; she had lost her notes.
The sentence before the forgetting gives the moment: she saw her grandmother in the front row, dressed in her best.
The first sentence rules out "she had not practised", and the story never mentions noise or lost notes.
Answer
Seeing her grandmother there overwhelmed her.
"She had lost her notes" is tempting because notes are mentioned, but she speaks "without her notes" by choice, after she smiles.
Use what the character does and says, not what the story tells you about them. A person who lends a stranger a bicycle without asking a question is generous and trusting, even if the word "generous" never appears. Choose the option that every action in the story supports, and reject one that fits a single moment but not the rest.
It means something the story does not state but leaves you to work out from a detail, usually near the end. Read the detail again and ask what it would take for it to make sense. The right answer is the explanation that fits the detail and everything before it; the wrong answers add events the story never tells.
Example 2 · Reading a detail at the end
For years the old man had fed the stray dog at his gate. After he moved to his daughter's flat in the city, the neighbours found the dog still lying by the gate each evening, at exactly the hour he used to come out.
What does the story suggest? Options: the dog was waiting for the old man; the neighbours fed the dog; the dog belonged to the daughter; the gate had been left open.
The detail is the hour: the dog comes at "exactly the hour he used to come out".
The one explanation that fits that detail is that the dog was still waiting for him.
Answer
The dog was waiting for the old man.
"The neighbours fed the dog" might be true, but nothing in the story says so, and it would not explain the hour.
Look at how the events are described, not at the events themselves. A missed bus can be told as a tragedy or as a small comedy; the words decide which. "The chain complained on every slope" is a light, playful way of saying the bicycle was old. Pick the tone that fits the whole story, not its first lines.
Who wants what, what stands in the way, what changes
Watch the time words for jumps in order
Say it in three parts: start, problem, end
Questions
Why: the reason is set up just before
Character: what they do and say
Suggests: the explanation a detail needs
Tone: how it is told, not what happens
Traps
The right moment, the wrong cause
Events the story never tells
One moment standing for the whole
The same questions about tone and hidden meaning come back, in older and richer language, in literary passages. For facts rather than stories, see factual passages.
330 questions on 66 passages, each passage printed once above its questions, easier passages first. Pick an answer and check it; the worked solution opens only when you ask for it.
The borrowed bicycleQ1 of 330Q1
The borrowed bicycle
Narrative · 227 words · 5 questions
The borrowed bicycle
The bus to the exam centre was supposed to leave at seven. Ravi reached the stop at five to seven, just in time to see it turning the corner at the far end of the road. The , it turned out, had decided that morning to leave early.
For a minute he simply stood there, doing the of . The centre was eleven kilometres away. The exam began at nine. His father had taken the scooter to the market before dawn.
It was Mrs Kulkarni, who ran the tailoring shop beside the stop, who solved it. She did not ask a single question. She walked to the back of her shop, wheeled out a heavy black bicycle with a basket on the front, and held it out to him. "It was my husband's," she said. "Nobody has ridden it for two years, so do not expect it to be fast."
It was not fast. The chain on every slope, and the seat had been set for a much taller man. But it moved, and Ravi reached the gate at twenty to nine, with sweat and like a fool.
That evening he brought the bicycle back, cleaned, with its chain oiled and its seat lowered. Mrs Kulkarni looked at it for a long moment. Then she said that she might start riding it herself.
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Words in this passage (6)
conductor
the person on a bus who collects fares and looks after passengers
arithmetic
working with numbers; here, working out what the facts add up to
disaster
something very bad that happens and causes great trouble
complain
to say you are unhappy about something; here, to make a noise as if unhappy
"Doing the arithmetic of disaster" suggests that Ravi was
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AnswerD · working out that the facts added up to serious trouble
The sentences that follow list what he was working through: eleven kilometres, an exam at nine, and no scooter.
Put together, those facts added up to a disaster: he could not reach the centre in time. The word "arithmetic" is used loosely, for adding up the facts.
Worth noting
No actual sum is involved. The phrase borrows the idea of adding up and applies it to his situation.
Why does Mrs Kulkarni say she might start riding the bicycle herself?
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AnswerC · Ravi had brought it back in good order, with the seat lowered, so it now suited her
Ravi returned it cleaned, with the chain oiled and the seat lowered. Earlier the passage says the seat had been set "for a much taller man", her husband.
A bicycle that runs smoothly and has a lower seat is now one she could ride. She looks at it "for a long moment" before saying so.
Worth noting
The passage says nothing about selling it, about exercise or about other borrowers. Each of those answers adds a story the text does not tell.
Which of the following best describes the tone of the story?
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AnswerB · Warm and gently humorous
The story has a small crisis, but it is told lightly: the chain "complained", and Ravi arrives "grinning like a fool".
It ends with a kindness returned. The overall feeling is warm, with touches of humour.
Worth noting
The missed bus is a worry for a moment, but the story does not stay there. "Gloomy" fits only its first lines.
The video call
Narrative · 207 words · 5 questions
The video call
Every Sunday at six, Nani's phone rang, and every Sunday it rang for a long time before anyone answered. By the time she had found her glasses, found the phone and found the green button, the call had usually stopped.
"Just press it, Nani," Priya said, for perhaps the hundredth time. "Green is yes. Red is no. That's all."
Nani looked at the phone the way she might have looked at a snake. "Your uncle's face comes into it," she said. "How does his face come into it? He is in Dubai."
Priya opened her mouth to explain, and then closed it. She had been about to say something about signals and satellites, but she she did not really know either. She only knew which button to press.
So she tried a different way. She sat beside Nani and pressed nothing at all. When the phone rang at six, she waited. Nani's hand over the screen, pulled back, came forward again, and pressed green. Her son's face filled the screen, laughing.
"You answered it yourself!" he said.
Nani did not look at him. She looked at Priya, and for the first time Priya saw that her grandmother had not been slow. She had been .
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Words in this passage (3)
hover
to stay in the air in one place; here, to wait just above something without touching it
What does Priya understand at the end of the story?
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AnswerD · That her grandmother's trouble with the phone came from fear, not slowness
The last sentence says Priya saw "for the first time" that her grandmother "had not been slow. She had been afraid."
This is the change in understanding the whole story leads to.
Worth noting
Nani has just answered the call herself, so she is clearly able to learn. The ending is about why she struggled before.
The broken window
Narrative · 200 words · 5 questions
The broken window
The ball went higher than any of them had ever hit it, over the neem tree, over Sharma-ji's wall, and through his kitchen window with a crash that stopped the game at once.
For a second nobody moved. Then eight boys discovered that they all had somewhere to be. Within a minute the lane was empty except for Kabir, who had hit the ball, and his little sister Tara, who had been watching from the steps.
"Run," she . "Nobody saw."
"You saw," said Kabir.
He walked to Sharma-ji's gate and rang the bell. His heart was beating so hard he was sure the old man could hear it. Sharma-ji came out holding the ball in one hand and a piece of glass in the other, and looked at him for a long time.
"I hit it," Kabir said. "I'll pay for the glass. It might take a few months."
Sharma-ji turned the ball over in his fingers. "Thirty years I have lived in this lane," he said , "and every summer at least one window. You are the first to ring the bell." He handed back the ball. "Pay for half. The other half is for ringing."
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Words in this passage (3)
urgent
needing to be done or dealt with immediately
whisper
to speak very softly, using the breath and not the voice
AnswerA · A boy who chooses to own up, and the kindness it earns
The story turns on Kabir's choice to ring the bell when he could have run, and ends with Sharma-ji's generous response.
Worth noting
Sharma-ji complains about windows broken "every summer", but he treats Kabir kindly. He does not dislike children.
The extra fifty
Narrative · 208 words · 5 questions
The extra fifty
Mr Kapoor had run the shop outside the bus stand for twenty-two years, and he could count change faster than any machine. So when the girl in the blue uniform came back ten minutes after buying her notebooks, he she wanted to return something.
"You gave me too much," she said, and put a fifty-rupee note on the counter. "I gave you two hundred. You gave me change for five hundred."
Mr Kapoor looked at the note. He looked at his . It was true. Twenty-two years, and he had made a mistake, and this child, whose shoes were at the toe, had walked all the way back to give him money he would never have missed.
"What's your name?" he asked.
"Lakshmi."
He pushed the note back across the counter. She pushed it back to him. They did this twice more, and then Mr Kapoor laughed, took the note and put it in his till.
The next Monday, when Lakshmi came in for a new pen, she found that it had already been paid for. A card was taped to the counter beside the pens. In Mr Kapoor's careful handwriting, it said: Lakshmi, one pen a month, for as long as this shop stands.
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Words in this passage (4)
stationery
paper, pens and other things used for writing
assume
to think something is true without checking
till
the drawer or machine where a shop keeps its money
AnswerB · An honest act answered with a generous one
Lakshmi returns money she could have kept, and Mr Kapoor answers with a lasting gift: one pen a month.
The story is built on that exchange of honesty and generosity.
Worth noting
The story says it was his first mistake in twenty-two years, so he is not a man who makes many.
The volcano that would not erupt
Narrative · 230 words · 5 questions
The volcano that would not erupt
The science fair was at ten, and at a quarter to ten Irfan's volcano was a very cone of clay that did absolutely nothing.
He had tested it twice at home. Both times, when he poured vinegar into the baking soda, red foam had come rushing out of the top and down the sides, and his little brother had screamed with . Now, with the judges two tables away, he poured, and waited, and the volcano gave a small, sad bubble and stopped.
His friend Neha leaned over. "Did you use the same baking soda?"
He had not. At home, his mother had given him a fresh packet. This morning, in a hurry, he had taken the old tin from the back of the cupboard.
There was no time to buy more. So when the judges arrived, Irfan did not show them an . He showed them the sad bubble, and then he told them why it was sad: that the old baking soda had lost most of its power, that the needed fresh powder to make enough gas, and that he had learnt more about it in the last fifteen minutes than in the whole of the week before.
He did not win. But one of the judges wrote something on her sheet, and at the end of the day she came back to shake his hand.
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Words in this passage (4)
ordinary
normal; not special or different in any way
delight
great pleasure
eruption
the sudden bursting out of something, such as lava from a volcano
reaction
in science, a change that happens when two substances meet
AnswerC · It can teach you more than success, if you understand why it happened
Irfan says he learnt more in fifteen minutes of failure than in the whole week before, and the judge respects his explanation.
The story suggests that understanding a failure can be worth more than a success you do not think about.
Worth noting
He did test twice, and it still failed at the fair. The story shows that testing alone did not prevent failure.
The lost dog
Narrative · 229 words · 5 questions
The lost dog
The dog at the tea stall on a Tuesday, a brown dog with one white ear and a red collar that said Bruno. It was somebody's dog. It sat politely, refused biscuits from strangers, and looked up the road every time a scooter went past.
Gopal, who ran the stall, tied a string to the collar and asked everyone who stopped for tea whether they knew a Bruno. Nobody did. On Wednesday he wrote BRUNO FOUND on a piece of cardboard in large letters and hung it on the stall. On Thursday he asked his nephew to put a photo of the dog on his phone and send it round.
On Friday evening a scooter stopped so suddenly that the rider nearly fell off. A girl of about twelve jumped from the back seat, and the dog made a noise Gopal had never heard a dog make, half bark and half cry.
The girl's father tried to give Gopal five hundred rupees. Gopal would not take it. "He drank my milk for four days," he said. "That was only fair. He was good ."
"Then at least let us buy tea," said the father.
That, Gopal agreed, was a different thing . They had eight cups between them, and the father paid for every one, and Bruno had his milk from a saucer at their feet.
The dog is home, the family and Gopal share eight cups of tea, and Bruno drinks milk at their feet.
Worth noting
The only tense moment, the scooter stopping suddenly, is quickly turned into joy.
The power cut
Narrative · 213 words · 5 questions
The power cut
The lights went out at eight, in the middle of the news, and the fan to a stop like a tired dancer.
For the first few minutes everyone in the Joshi family did the same thing: they picked up their phones. Then, one by one, they noticed the batteries. Papa's was at twelve per cent. Maya's was at five. Grandmother's phone, which she used only to call the vegetable seller, had been dead since Sunday.
So Grandmother lit a candle. And because there was nothing else to do, she began to tell a story about the year the river and her father the whole family to the temple on the hill in a boat made from the doors of their house.
Maya had never heard the story. Neither, it turned out, had Papa.
"You never told me that," he said.
"You never asked," said Grandmother. "You were always doing your homework. Then you were always doing your work."
The candle burned down. Grandmother told three more stories, and one of them was about Papa as a small boy, which made him put his face in his hands while Maya laughed until she could not breathe.
The lights came back at half past ten. Nobody moved to switch on the television.
What does the last sentence, "Nobody moved to switch on the television", suggest?
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AnswerA · The family had enjoyed being together so much that they did not want the evening to end
The power cut had given them an evening of stories and laughter they would not otherwise have had.
Not switching on the television shows they preferred to stay together.
Worth noting
The lights had come back, so the television could be used. The choice not to use it is the point.
The umbrella
Narrative · 216 words · 5 questions
The umbrella
It began to rain just as the school bell rang, and within a minute the gate was full of children waiting for the rain to stop.
Nikhil had an umbrella. It was large and black and had been his father's, and it had one broken that made it lean to one side like a tired bird. He was about to open it when he saw the small boy from the first standard standing at the edge of the crowd, holding his school bag over his head.
"Where do you live?" Nikhil asked.
The boy pointed down the road, towards the market, which was the opposite way from Nikhil's house.
Nikhil thought about his mother, who would be waiting, and about the long walk back. Then he opened the umbrella.
They walked together to the market, the small boy talking the whole way about a frog he had once found in his shoe. The umbrella leaned. The rain came in on Nikhil's side. By the time he had delivered the boy to a mother at a sweet shop, his left shoulder was through.
The mother pressed a paper bag into his hand. Inside were two warm jalebis.
He walked home in the rain, eating them, and decided that it had been an excellent .
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Words in this passage (4)
spoke
one of the thin rods that hold out the cloth of an umbrella, or run from the centre of a wheel
relieved
happy because a worry has ended
soak
to make something completely wet
bargain
an agreement or exchange that turns out well for you
What does Nikhil mean when he decides "it had been an excellent bargain"?
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AnswerC · He jokingly weighs a wet shoulder against two warm jalebis and a kind deed, and feels he came out ahead
He gave up a dry walk home and got soaked, and in return received two warm jalebis and the good feeling of having helped.
Calling it a "bargain" is a light-hearted way of saying he did not mind at all.
Worth noting
Nothing was bought or sold. The word "bargain" is used playfully.
The spelling bee
Narrative · 193 words · 5 questions
The spelling bee
Varun had four hundred words for the district spelling bee. He could spell "rhythm" without thinking, "necessary" in his sleep, and "onomatopoeia" faster than his teacher could say it.
On the day, he stood at the microphone, and the judge smiled at him. "Before we begin," she said, "please spell your name for the ."
Varun opened his mouth. Nothing came out. For one terrible moment, the only thing in his head was the sound of four hundred words all shouting at once.
"V," he said at last. "A. R." He stopped. Somewhere in the hall, someone . "U," he said. "N." He paused again, as if waiting for more letters to arrive, and then added, very quietly, "I think."
The whole hall laughed, the judges too, and something strange happened: Varun laughed as well. The laughing something in his chest. By the time the judge gave him his first real word, "chrysanthemum", his hands had stopped shaking.
He spelt it perfectly. He spelt the next eleven words perfectly too, and came second in the whole district.
For years afterwards, his family introduced him at weddings as "Varun, V-A-R-U-N, I think."
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Words in this passage (4)
practise
to do something again and again to get better at it
Why does the story end with the family's joke at weddings?
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AnswerD · To show that the embarrassing moment became a fond family story
Years later, his family repeats his nervous "I think" as an affectionate introduction.
The ending turns a frightening moment into a funny, loving memory.
Worth noting
A joke told "for years" at family gatherings is a sign of affection, not shame.
Tree number three
Narrative · 203 words · 5 questions
Tree number three
In the school's of The Forest, Aarav had been given the part of Tree Number Three. Tree Number Three had no lines. He stood at the back of the stage in a brown with cardboard branches, and his only job was not to move.
Aarav was very good at not moving. He had practised in front of the mirror, arms out, until his shoulders ached.
On the night, halfway through the second act, the boy playing the Woodcutter forgot his lines. He stood in the middle of the stage with his wooden axe, staring at the audience, and the silence grew longer and longer.
Aarav knew every line in the play. He had heard them all at , night after night, with nothing to do but listen.
So Tree Number Three leaned forward, very slightly, and whispered: "I have walked for three days and found no water."
The Woodcutter blinked, repeated the line, and the play went on.
Nobody in the audience noticed. But at the end, when the actors took their , the Woodcutter took Aarav by his cardboard branch and pulled him to the front of the stage. And the teacher, who had noticed everything, clapped loudest of all.
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Words in this passage (4)
production
a play or show that is put on for an audience
costume
clothes worn by an actor to look like a character
rehearsal
a practice of a play or performance before it is shown
bow
the act of bending the head or body to thank an audience
AnswerB · Aarav's quiet help was recognised by the people who knew about it
The Woodcutter pulled him to the front at the bows, and the teacher, "who had noticed everything, clapped loudest of all".
Worth noting
The story says the teacher "had noticed everything", the opposite of not seeing.
Counting birds
Narrative · 234 words · 5 questions
Counting birds
Kiran had imagined that birdwatching would be exciting. Instead, on the first morning at the lake, Dr Rao handed her a notebook, a pair of and a folding stool, and told her to sit still.
"For how long?" asked Kiran.
"Until the birds forget you are here," said Dr Rao.
Kiran sat. The mist lay on the water. Nothing happened. A dragonfly landed on her knee and left again. Her legs went to sleep. She counted her own breaths, then the , then the clouds.
After an hour, a grey heron stepped out of the reeds not ten metres away. It stood on one leg, looking at the water with enormous , and then struck so fast that Kiran almost missed it. When it lifted its head, there was a fish in its beak.
After that, the lake seemed to wake up. There were egrets, a kingfisher like a blue , a family of ducks paddling in a line. Kiran forgot her legs. She forgot to count her breaths. She filled three pages of the notebook without looking at the time.
When Dr Rao came back to fetch her, she was surprised to find that it was nearly noon.
"How was it?" asked Dr Rao.
Kiran thought about the heron standing so still for so long, waiting for exactly the right moment.
"I think," she said, "I was learning to be a heron."
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Words in this passage (4)
binoculars
an instrument with a glass for each eye that makes distant things look closer
What does Kiran mean by "I was learning to be a heron"?
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AnswerD · She was learning the heron's patient, still waiting, which had brought the birds to her
She thinks about "the heron standing so still for so long, waiting for exactly the right moment".
Her own long, still wait was what let her see the lake come alive, so she had been learning the heron's kind of patience.
Worth noting
She was surprised at how fast the morning went, so she had not been bored by the end.
The seed packet
Narrative · 214 words · 5 questions
The seed packet
On the first day of the holidays, Meena's aunt gave her a packet of sunflower seeds. "Plant them by the wall," she said, "and water them every evening."
Meena planted all twelve seeds in a neat row. The next morning she ran outside before breakfast. Nothing. She watered them again, though it was not evening. At lunch she checked. Still nothing. By the third day she was sure the seeds were dead, and she dug one up to see.
It had open, and a tiny white root was pushing down into the soil. Meena stared at it, . She pressed it gently back into the ground and patted the earth over it.
After that she made herself a rule: look only once a day, in the evening, with the watering can. On the eighth evening, a row of small green appeared, bent over like people bowing. By the end of the holidays the sunflowers were taller than the wall, and taller than Meena too.
Only one plant was shorter than the rest. It was the one she had dug up. It had lived, but it was always a little behind. Meena did not mind. Whenever she looked at it, it reminded her that some things grow best when you leave them alone.
What was different about the plant Meena had dug up?
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AnswerB · It lived, but was always shorter than the rest
The last paragraph says "It had lived, but it was always a little behind."
Worth noting
The passage says plainly that the plant lived.
Grandmother's phone
Narrative · 218 words · 5 questions
Grandmother's phone
When Dadi got her first smartphone, she held it the way you would hold a hot plate: with two fingers, at arm's length.
"You just touch the picture," said Kabir, who was twelve and had been touching pictures all his life.
"Which picture?"
"The green one. No, not that green. The other green."
By the end of the first week, Dadi could answer a call, but only if Kabir was in the room to tell her which way to . By the end of the second, she could send a voice message, although most of them began with ten seconds of her asking, "Is it recording?"
Kabir grew . He had explained the same things again and again. One evening he said, more sharply than he meant to, "Dadi, it's easy. Why don't you remember?"
Dadi looked at him for a moment. "When you were four," she said, "I taught you to tie your shoes. It took three months. Every morning I showed you again."
Kabir said nothing. The next morning he wrote the steps on a card in large letters: GREEN BUTTON. SWIPE UP. SPEAK. Then he the card to the back of her phone.
By the end of the month, Dadi was sending him photographs of her garden. Most of them were of her thumb.
What is the effect of the last line, "Most of them were of her thumb"?
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AnswerC · It ends the story with gentle humour, showing she is still learning
Dadi is now confident enough to send photographs, but her thumb keeps getting in the way.
The ending is affectionate and funny.
Worth noting
Sending photographs shows progress, not giving up.
The school bell
Narrative · 207 words · 5 questions
The school bell
For thirty-one years, Ramu Kaka rang the bell at the government school in our village. He rang it at nine for , every forty minutes for the next lesson, and at four for home. He rang it through rain and heat, and once, the story goes, with a fever so high that the headmaster sent him home straight after.
He never needed a clock. The children said he could feel the time in his arms.
On his last day, the headmaster announced that a new electric bell would be fitted. It would ring on its own, at exactly the right moments, forever.
At four o'clock, everyone waited for the new bell. It rang, loud and perfect. Nobody moved.
Then, from the end of the , came the old sound: the brass bell in Ramu Kaka's hand, slightly late, as it always was on Fridays, because he liked to give the smallest children time to finish their drawings.
The whole school came out to the yard to clap for him. He went pink, rang the bell once more, and then handed it to the headmaster.
The electric bell still rings at our school. But on Fridays, the teachers say, it always seems to ring a minute too early.
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Words in this passage (2)
assembly
a meeting of the whole school, usually at the start of the day
corridor
a long passage in a building with rooms on each side
What does "he could feel the time in his arms" show?
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AnswerA · He had rung the bell so long that he knew the times without a clock
The sentence before says "He never needed a clock."
After thirty-one years, he could sense when to ring.
Worth noting
The sentence says he never needed a clock, so he did not wear a watch.
The wrong answer
Narrative · 206 words · 5 questions
The wrong answer
Mr Iyer wrote the sum on the board, worked it out, and drew a box around the answer: 48.
Priya looked at her notebook. She had got 42. She worked it again. Still 42. She looked at the board and followed each line, and there it was: in the third line, Mr Iyer had written 7 × 6 as 48.
Her hand went halfway up and stopped. Mr Iyer had taught for twenty years. Nobody corrected Mr Iyer.
She put her hand down. Then she thought of Rahul in the back row, who copied everything from the board and never checked, and who would learn the wrong answer. Her hand went up again, all the way this time.
"Sir," she said, "I think in the third line, seven sixes might be forty-two."
The class went silent. Mr Iyer turned to the board and looked at it for a long moment. Then he picked up the and the 48.
"Forty-two," he said. He wrote it in. "Thank you, Priya." And then, to the class, "Checking is not rude. Not checking is."
After that, whenever he finished a sum on the board, he would turn around and ask, "Well? Who is going to check me?"
"Checking is not rude. Not checking is." What does Mr Iyer mean?
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AnswerB · It is right to check someone's work; letting a mistake pass is the real fault
He thanks Priya and turns her correction into a class rule: checking is good, and failing to check is the fault.
Afterwards he asks the class to check him after every sum.
Worth noting
He thanks Priya, so he does not think she was rude.
The stopped watch
Narrative · 219 words · 5 questions
The stopped watch
Halfway through her first board exam, Meera looked at her watch and froze. It said 10:15, exactly what it had said the last time she looked. The battery had died.
There was no clock on the wall of the exam hall, and the was busy at the far end of the room. Meera felt her heart race. How much time was left? An hour? Twenty minutes? She began to write faster and faster, until her handwriting was hard to read even for herself.
Then she stopped and took a breath. , she realised, was wasting more time than the broken watch. She had this paper at home many times, and she knew that each long answer took her about fifteen minutes. So she would use the answers themselves as a clock. Three long answers were left: about forty-five minutes of work.
She wrote , one answer at a time, without looking at her wrist again. She had just finished the last line of the last answer when the bell rang.
Outside, her friends were complaining that the paper had been too long. Meera only smiled and slipped the dead watch into her pocket. That evening she bought a new battery, but she never forgot the lesson. A watch could stop; what she had practised could not.
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Words in this passage (4)
invigilator
a person who watches students during an exam
panic
to feel sudden strong fear so that you cannot think clearly
steadily
at an even, regular speed
practise
to do something again and again to get better at it
AnswerA · Steady practice and calm thinking are more reliable than any watch
The story ends: "A watch could stop; what she had practised could not."
Worth noting
She does buy a new battery, but the lesson is about practice and calm, not equipment.
The window seat
Narrative · 245 words · 5 questions
The window seat
Rohan had booked the window seat on the train to Jaipur three weeks earlier. It was his first journey alone, and he had planned it carefully: the window, his headphones, a packet of chips and six hours of fields rushing past.
When he reached his seat, an old woman was sitting in it. She had a cloth bag on her lap and a look, as if she expected to be told off.
"Excuse me," Rohan began, holding out his ticket. "I think this is—"
"I know, beta," she said. "My seat is the middle one. But I feel sick if I cannot see outside. I will move if you want."
Rohan looked at the middle seat, between a large man reading a newspaper and a family eating parathas. He thought of his three weeks of planning. Then he looked at the old woman's hands, which were holding the bag very tightly.
"It's all right," he said. "Keep it."
The journey was not the one he had planned. The large man's newspaper kept hitting his ear, and the parathas smelled so good it was almost painful. But somewhere after Ajmer, the old woman a cloth and offered him two laddoos she had made herself, and told him about her grandson, who was also going to Jaipur, to study, just like Rohan.
By the time the train stopped, Rohan had not seen many fields. He did not mind as much as he had expected.
What does the last line, "He did not mind as much as he had expected", suggest?
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AnswerA · The kindness he showed, and received, made up for the journey he had planned
He lost his view, but gained the old woman's company, her laddoos and her story.
Worth noting
The line is quietly positive; it does not suggest regret.
The tea stall reader
Narrative · 240 words · 5 questions
The tea stall reader
Every morning at six, Babu opened his father's tea at the corner of the bus stand. By the time the first bus came in, the water was boiling, the glasses were washed, and the newspapers that the stall kept for customers were folded on the bench.
Babu was fourteen and had left school two years earlier, when his father's knee went bad. But he had made a rule for himself. Between customers, he read the newspapers before anyone else did: one Hindi and one English. The English paper was slow work. He kept a small notebook in his pocket and wrote down every word he did not know, to ask about later.
Most customers paid no attention. But one, a schoolteacher who caught the 7:20 bus, began to notice the notebook. One day she asked to see it. She turned the pages for a long time.
"Who explains these words to you?" she asked.
"Nobody," said Babu. "I guess them. Sometimes I am wrong."
The next morning she came with an old and a form for the open school, where students could study at home and sit the exams later. "You will have to read even more," she warned.
Babu looked at the dictionary, then at the stove. "Tea first," he said, and poured her a glass. "Then reading."
She laughed, and from that day she paid for her tea and stayed until the 7:40.
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Words in this passage (3)
stall
a small open shop, often by the roadside
neatly
in a tidy, careful way
dictionary
a book that lists words and explains their meanings
From that day the teacher "stayed until the 7:40". What does this suggest?
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AnswerB · She was staying longer to help Babu with his reading
She used to catch the 7:20 bus. Waiting for the next one gives her twenty minutes, which follows straight after her offer of help.
Worth noting
The change comes "from that day", the day of the dictionary, which links it to Babu.
The wallet on the seat
Narrative · 239 words · 5 questions
The wallet on the seat
When Imran got off the bus at Shivaji Nagar, he noticed a brown lying on the seat beside the door. Inside were four thousand rupees, an Aadhaar card, a bank card and a photograph of a small girl in a school uniform.
Four thousand rupees was more than Imran earned in two weeks at the . For a moment he thought about how many things it could buy. Then he looked at the photograph again.
The address on the card was across the city, an hour away. Imran had planned to watch the cricket match at his friend's house that evening. Instead he took two more buses.
The house was a small one in a lane. A thin man in a vest opened the door, and when he saw the wallet his face went pale and then red.
"I have been looking for it all afternoon," he said. "That money is my daughter's school . The last date is tomorrow."
He tried to give Imran five hundred rupees. Imran shook his head. The man then tried to give him two hundred for the bus. Imran shook his head again, and the man's daughter, the girl from the photograph, came out to see who was at the door.
On the way home Imran missed the whole match. His friend told him India had won by six wickets. Imran said he knew, and that he had been somewhere better.
"He had been somewhere better." What does Imran mean?
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AnswerA · Returning the wallet and seeing the family's relief meant more to him than the match
He missed the match he had planned to watch, but he saw the father's relief and the girl from the photograph.
Worth noting
He did not see the match at all; "better" refers to what he did instead.
The first night in the hostel
Narrative · 239 words · 5 questions
The first night in the hostel
The hostel room had two iron beds, two cupboards, one window and one fan that turned slowly and made a ticking sound. Pooja's had not arrived yet. When her parents left at six, after her mother had made the bed twice and her father had checked the window lock three times, the room felt very large and very quiet.
She . She ate the theplas her mother had packed. She tried to read, and found that she had read the same paragraph four times. At nine she called home. Her mother answered on the first ring, and Pooja realised her mother had been holding the phone, waiting.
They talked about nothing for ten minutes: the food, the fan, the weather in Ahmedabad. Neither of them said they were sad. After the call, Pooja felt a little better and a little worse.
At ten there was a knock at the door. A girl stood there with a steel in each hand.
"I'm from the room next door," she said. "My name is Farah. I heard your fan ticking and thought you must be new. Mine ticks too. Do you want some hot milk? My mother says it helps on the first night."
They sat on Pooja's bed and drank the milk and compared their mothers' , which were almost exactly the same. By eleven they were laughing. Pooja did not notice when the fan stopped sounding so loud.
AnswerD · A friendly visit from Farah, a new girl next door going through the same thing
Farah brings hot milk, and they compare their mothers' "almost exactly the same" instructions until they are laughing.
Worth noting
The roommate still "had not arrived", and the fan is not fixed; Pooja simply stops noticing it.
The nest on the air-conditioner
Narrative · 232 words · 5 questions
The nest on the air-conditioner
In April, two pigeons began to build a nest on the air-conditioner outside the Mehtas' kitchen window. Mr Mehta wanted to clear it away at once. "They make a mess," he said, "and the noise starts at five in the morning."
But his younger daughter, Riya, who was nine, him to wait. She had already given the pigeons names: Laddoo and Jalebi.
Mr Mehta gave in, . Within a week there were two white eggs in the untidy nest of twigs. Riya checked them every morning before school. She made a chart and stuck it on the fridge: "Day 1", "Day 2", "Day 3".
Then came a problem. The summer was very hot, and the family could not run the air-conditioner without blowing hot air straight onto the nest. For eighteen days, the Mehtas slept with the windows open and the ceiling fan on high, and complained about the heat at breakfast.
On the eighteenth day Riya screamed so loudly that her father dropped his tea. Two small, ugly, yellow-feathered chicks had . Two weeks later they were their wings on the edge of the air-conditioner, and one morning they were gone.
Mr Mehta turned the air-conditioner on that night and said it was a great relief. But the next morning, Riya found him at the kitchen window, looking at the empty nest, and he did not clear it away.
At the end, Mr Mehta looks at the empty nest and "did not clear it away". What does this suggest?
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AnswerA · In spite of his complaints, he had grown fond of the birds
He called the birds' leaving "a great relief", yet the next morning he stands looking at the nest and leaves it there.
Worth noting
His words and his actions do not match; the action shows his real feeling.
Four lines
Narrative · 251 words · 5 questions
Four lines
Tanvi had only four lines in the school play. She was the who ran onto the stage in the second act, shouted that the king's army was coming, and ran off again. She had practised the lines so often that her little brother could say them in his sleep.
But when the curtain opened on the night of the play, and she saw the hall full of parents and teachers and the bright lights shining in her face, her mind went completely empty. She could not remember the first word. She could not remember anything.
From the side of the stage, she watched the king and queen talking. Her turn was coming closer. Her hands were wet. She thought about running out of the back door of the hall and going home.
Then she noticed Mr D'Souza, the drama teacher, sitting on a stool in the dark corner beside the curtain with the on his knees. He looked up, saw her face and smiled. He did not say anything. He just pointed at his own chest and then at the stage, as if to say: you know this. It is in here.
Her came. Tanvi ran onto the stage. She opened her mouth, and the four lines came out, loud and clear, as if they had been waiting for her all along.
Afterwards, her brother told her she had shouted so loudly that a baby in the third row had cried. Tanvi decided to take that as .
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Words in this passage (4)
messenger
a person who carries a message
script
the written words of a play or film
cue
a signal, such as a word, for an actor to speak or act
"Tanvi decided to take that as praise." What is the tone of this last line?
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AnswerD · Light and humorous
Making a baby cry is not usually a compliment, but Tanvi chooses to treat it as proof of how well she performed.
Worth noting
The story ends happily, with a gentle joke, after her fear on stage.
The moving room
Narrative · 269 words · 5 questions
The moving room
Somu had come to the city from his village for an interview at a bank. The bank was on the eleventh floor of a glass building, and in the a guard pointed him towards a steel door with buttons beside it.
Somu had never been in a lift. He had seen them in films, where people stepped in and out without thinking. But when the doors opened and he saw the small bright box, with a mirror on one wall and four strangers already standing inside, his feet would not move.
The doors began to close. A woman in a blue saree put her hand out and held them open.
"Coming?" she asked.
Somu stepped in. The doors shut, and the floor pushed gently up under his feet. His stomach seemed to stay behind on the ground floor. He held the rail so tightly that his went pale, and stared at the numbers changing above the door: 3, 4, 5.
The woman in the blue saree seemed to understand. "My first time, I closed my eyes," she said quietly. "It helps. Eleven floors is not far."
At the eleventh floor the doors opened, and Somu stepped out onto the as carefully as if it might move too.
The interview went well. When it ended, the manager shook his hand, and Somu saw that she was the woman in the blue saree. "You were nervous in the lift," she said, "but you came in anyway. That is what I look for."
That evening, he took the stairs down. All eleven floors. He was smiling the whole way.
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Words in this passage (3)
lobby
the entrance hall of a large building
knuckle
one of the joints of the fingers
carpet
a thick floor covering made of wool or other material
What does the manager mean by "You were nervous in the lift, but you came in anyway. That is what I look for"?
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AnswerA · She values people who face their fears instead of letting fear stop them
He was afraid, yet he stepped in when she held the door. She sees that courage as a quality worth hiring.
Worth noting
She admires acting in spite of fear, not having no fear at all.
The vegetable seller's sums
Narrative · 240 words · 5 questions
The vegetable seller's sums
Every evening, Kamla sold vegetables from a at the corner of Gandhi Road. She had never been to school, but she could add up a bill for six kinds of vegetables, take a five-hundred-rupee note and count out the change faster than any customer could check it on a phone.
One evening a college boy bought two kilos of onions, one kilo of tomatoes and half a kilo of beans. Kamla said, "One hundred and forty," before he had even put his wallet away.
The boy took out his phone and did the sum. "How did you do that so fast?" he asked.
Kamla laughed. "Onions are forty, so two kilos are eighty. Tomatoes are forty. Beans are forty a kilo, so half is twenty. Eighty and forty and twenty." She shrugged. "I have been doing this since I was ten."
The boy studied . He told her that in his class they were learning about and margins, and that he found it difficult. Kamla asked what a was. He explained: the difference between what you pay for something and what you sell it for.
She thought for a moment. "I buy tomatoes at the mandi for twenty-eight and sell them for forty," she said. "But one kilo in every ten goes bad. So my real margin is less."
The boy stared at her. "That," he said, "is exactly what our professor took an hour to explain."
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Words in this passage (4)
cart
a small vehicle pushed by hand, used for selling goods
commerce
the study or activity of buying and selling
profit
money gained after paying all costs
margin
the difference between the cost of something and the price it is sold for
AnswerD · Kamla understands from experience what he is struggling to learn in college
She explains "real margin" in a few sentences, which "our professor took an hour to explain."
Worth noting
The remark praises Kamla's practical knowledge; it is not mainly a complaint about the professor.
The river that came to school
Narrative · 238 words · 5 questions
The river that came to school
The water arrived at the school a day before it was expected, which was the only reason anyone was still there to see it. Mrs Baruah had come in on the Sunday to move the library books to the upper floor, and she had brought her son Dipen to carry the heavy boxes.
By noon the playground was a brown lake. By two, it was at the second step. Dipen, who was fourteen and had spent the morning complaining about the boxes, stopped complaining.
They carried everything they could reach: the books, the new computer, the that held forty years of names. When the stairs to the ground floor had disappeared under the water, they sat on the upper landing and watched it , slowly and quite calmly, into the classroom where Dipen had learnt to read.
"We saved the books," his mother said. It was not quite a question.
"Not the benches," said Dipen. "Not the blackboards." He was quiet for a while. "Not the drawings on the wall."
The rescue boat came at . Dipen climbed in last. From the water he looked back at the upper windows, where rows of books stood safe and dry behind the glass, and found that he was not sure whether he wanted to laugh or to cry.
A month later, when the school opened again in borrowed rooms, the library was the first thing to be unpacked.
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Words in this passage (4)
lap
for water to touch something gently, again and again
Why does the story end with the library being "the first thing to be unpacked"?
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AnswerC · To show that the effort to save the books had been worth it, and that the school's life went on
The story's work was saving the books. Ending with them unpacked first shows that the effort mattered and that the school was starting again.
Worth noting
The ending is about what the books meant to the school, not their price. "Most valuable" in money is not what the story is saying.
A lunchbox of two halves
Narrative · 218 words · 5 questions
A lunchbox of two halves
On her first day at the new school in Pune, Anjali ate lunch alone, because she did not know anyone and because her lunchbox smelled of fish curry. She had noticed the girl beside her when she opened it.
On the second day, she asked her mother for sandwiches.
Her mother looked at her for a moment and then, without a word, packed the fish curry again, with extra rice.
Anjali was all morning. At lunch she opened the box as little as she could, holding the lid half-closed like a . That was when a voice behind her said, "Is that macher jhol?"
It was a tall boy from the back row, Rohan, whom she had heard the teacher twice already. He was holding a steel box of his own. "My dadi makes it," he said, "but hers is always too spicy. Swap you half for half?"
His box held poha, bright yellow and dotted with peanuts. Anjali, who had eaten poha every week of her life in Kolkata and never once liked it, found that it was the best thing she had tasted in a month.
By Friday, four of them were sharing. Nobody asked for sandwiches again. Anjali never told her mother what had happened; she her mother had guessed.
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Words in this passage (5)
edge away
to move slowly away from someone or something, a little at a time
furious
extremely angry
shield
something held up to protect you
scold
to speak angrily to someone because they have done something wrong
suspect
to think that something is probably true, without being sure
What does the story suggest about why Anjali's mother packed the fish curry again?
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AnswerC · She did not want Anjali to hide who she was
She "looked at her for a moment" before packing it, which shows she heard and thought about the request.
The last line, that Anjali "suspected her mother had guessed", suggests the mother understood more than she said, and chose not to let her daughter hide her home food.
Worth noting
She clearly heard the request; the pause before packing shows a choice, not a mistake.
The story moves from Anjali eating alone to four children sharing lunch. The sharing is what turns her from a stranger into a friend.
Worth noting
Rohan matters, but the story is about Anjali's change. A title naming him alone is too narrow.
The tree man of the highway
Narrative · 239 words · 5 questions
The tree man of the highway
Nobody in the village could remember exactly when Hari Prasad started planting trees along the highway. Some said it was the year his son left for the city; others said it was after the long , when the bare road so fiercely in the heat that the buses would not stop.
What everybody remembered was the watering. Every evening for thirty years, he walked the four kilometres to the last with two buckets on a pole across his shoulders, and walked back in the dark. People laughed at first. Then they stopped laughing and started giving him directions to places where a tree would grow.
The trees grew slowly, as trees do. A tree planted by a man of forty gives its best shade to a man of seventy. By the time Hari Prasad's neem and peepal trees had met over the road, he walked with a stick, and a boy from the school carried the buckets.
Last summer a came from the city to ask him why he had done it. He thought about the question for a long time.
"I was hot," he said at last. "The road was hot. I thought, somebody should do something."
"But why you?"
He looked up at the green roof over the road, where a lorry had stopped in the shade and its driver was asleep in the cab.
"I was the somebody who was there," he said.
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Words in this passage (4)
drought
a long period with little or no rain
shimmer
to shine with a soft light that seems to shake
sapling
a young tree
journalist
a person who writes news for newspapers, websites or television
"A tree planted by a man of forty gives its best shade to a man of seventy." What does this sentence suggest?
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AnswerB · The rewards of planting trees come slowly, many years later
The sentence follows "The trees grew slowly, as trees do". It measures that slowness in a human life: thirty years between planting and the best shade.
So planting a tree is work whose reward comes much later, often to others.
Worth noting
Hari Prasad started at around forty, not seventy. The sentence is about time passing, not his age at the start.
What does Hari Prasad mean by "I was the somebody who was there"?
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AnswerA · Instead of waiting for someone else to act, he acted because he could
He first says, "somebody should do something". When asked "why you?", he answers that he was the somebody who was there.
He means that the need was in front of him, so the job was his, rather than something to leave to others.
Worth noting
A journalist came to see him, but nothing he says suggests he wanted fame. His answer is modest.
The library card
Narrative · 245 words · 5 questions
The library card
Rohit went into the library the first time only because it was raining and the bus shelter had no roof. He stood by the door, hoping nobody would ask him to leave.
The , a thin man with glasses pushed up on his forehead, looked at him over the counter. "You'll need a card," he said, "if you want to stay."
"I don't want to read anything," said Rohit. "I'm waiting for the rain to stop."
"Then you'll need a card to wait," said the librarian, and began filling in a form without asking whether Rohit agreed.
The card cost nothing. It had Rohit's name spelt wrongly on it, and a stamp that said MEMBER. Rohit put it in his pocket and forgot it.
He found it again a week later, and because it was raining again, he went back. The librarian nodded at him as if he had been expected. That day Rohit took down a book about volcanoes, only to have something to hold. He read it standing up, then sitting down, and when he looked up the rain had stopped and the lights had been switched on.
He came back the next day, when it was not raining at all.
Years later, when he had his own name on the of a book, he sent the first copy to the district library. Inside, he wrote only one line: "For the man who said I needed a card to wait."
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Words in this passage (4)
district
an area of a country or state, often with its own offices
drip
to let drops of liquid fall
librarian
a person who works in or looks after a library
spine
the back of the body; here, the narrow back edge of a book that shows its title
AnswerC · Rohit became a writer, and never forgot the librarian's small kindness
Rohit had his "own name on the spine of a book", so he became a writer.
He sent the first copy to the library, with a line thanking "the man who said I needed a card to wait".
Worth noting
The note uses the librarian's own words, which shows how clearly Rohit remembered them.
The fisherwoman and the radio
Narrative · 213 words · 5 questions
The fisherwoman and the radio
The radio said the weather would be fine. It said so in two languages, and then played a film song, as if to prove it.
Old Janaki, who had been mending nets on the beach since before the radio was invented, looked at the sky and did not agree. The sea was too flat. The gulls had gone . There was a in the air that she could feel in her knees.
"Tell the boys not to go far out," she said to her grandson.
"The radio says it's fine, Aaji."
"The radio lives in a box in Mumbai. I live here."
The boys went out anyway, but not far. Most of them stayed within sight of the shore, , and came back early with a poor catch and a good deal of bad temper.
At four o'clock the wind came. It came all at once, the way a slap comes, and turned the flat sea into a field of white. The boats that had stayed near the shore were pulled up on the sand in twenty minutes. The radio, a little later, announced that there might be strong winds along the coast.
That evening the boys brought Janaki the best fish from their poor catch, and did not grumble at all.
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Words in this passage (3)
inland
away from the coast, towards the middle of a country
heaviness
a feeling of weight or of the air being thick and still
AnswerB · They had come to see that Janaki was right, and were grateful
They bring her "the best fish from their poor catch" and do not grumble "at all", after grumbling all morning.
The change shows gratitude and new respect for her warning.
Worth noting
Their catch was poor, which makes giving her the best of it more meaningful.
The first bus of the morning
Narrative · 238 words · 5 questions
The first bus of the morning
Every morning at five forty, the first bus from the stopped at the corner of Station Road, and every morning the same old woman got on with a steel and a folded umbrella, whatever the weather.
Harish, the driver, had been on the route for nine years. He knew that she worked in the kitchen of a hospital across the river, that she sat in the second seat on the left, and that she said "Ram Ram" when she got on and "Jai Shri Krishna" when she got off. He did not know her name.
One Monday she was not at the corner.
Harish waited, which he was not supposed to do. He waited one minute, then two. A passenger in the back began to complain. Harish pulled away, but he drove the rest of the route more slowly than usual, looking at every stop as if she might be at the wrong one.
On Tuesday she was back, with a on her wrist.
"I slipped," she said, before he could ask. "Only a ."
Harish nodded, and took her tiffin carrier and put it on the seat for her, which in nine years he had never done.
"You waited yesterday," she said. "The conductor on the second bus told me. You made them all late."
"Only two minutes," said Harish.
"Two minutes," she said, sitting down, "is a long time to be missed."
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Words in this passage (4)
depot
a place where buses or trains are kept, or goods are stored
tiffin carrier
a set of metal food boxes stacked together, with a handle
What does the old woman mean by "Two minutes is a long time to be missed"?
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AnswerA · Being waited for, even briefly, showed her that she mattered to someone
Harish said he waited "only two minutes". She turns his words around: to be missed at all, for two minutes, means a great deal.
She is thanking him for noticing her absence.
Worth noting
She does not scold him for making others late; she is touched that he waited.
The unfinished painting
Narrative · 224 words · 5 questions
The unfinished painting
Leela's grandfather had been painting the same picture for eleven years: a view of the hills from the window of his room, with the river at the bottom and the temple on the .
It was never finished. Every few months he would add a tree, or a cloud, or change the colour of the river from blue to grey and then, after the , back to blue. When visitors asked when it would be done, he said, "When the hills stop changing."
After he died, the family decided to sell the house. Leela's uncle wanted to throw the painting away, since it was unfinished and nobody would buy it. Leela asked if she could keep it.
She hung it in her room in the city, which had a window that looked out on a car park and a water tank. For a long time she did not touch it.
Then, one evening, she noticed that the light in the painting was wrong. It was morning light, the light of the old room, and it was evening where she was. She took out the old man's paints, which she had kept in a shoebox, and very carefully, with the smallest brush, she painted the sky a little warmer.
It was the first thing she had added. It would not be the last.
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Words in this passage (3)
ridge
a long, narrow high piece of land along the top of a hill
monsoon
the season of heavy rain in South Asia, roughly June to September
paint out
to cover something in a picture with paint so it can no longer be seen
What does the grandfather mean by "When the hills stop changing"?
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AnswerA · The painting would never be finished, because the view kept changing with time and seasons
The hills, river and sky change with the seasons, and he kept changing the painting to match: adding trees, changing the river from blue to grey and back.
Since the hills never stop changing, the painting would never be done.
Worth noting
The answer is a gentle joke with a serious meaning: he enjoyed the work more than finishing it.
What does the final line, "It would not be the last", suggest?
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AnswerB · Leela will go on adding to the painting, carrying on her grandfather's work
The first change is described as "the first thing she had added"; "not the last" shows she will keep adding.
The painting stays unfinished, now carried on by her, just as her grandfather intended it never to be finished.
Worth noting
The line looks forward to more changes to the painting, not to anything about the old house.
A pinch of this
Narrative · 211 words · 5 questions
A pinch of this
When Ananya decided to write down her grandmother's recipe for sambar, she came a notebook, a measuring cup and a set of spoons.
"How much toor dal?" she asked.
"Enough," said Paati.
"Enough is not a measurement, Paati."
Paati this. She up the dal in her cupped hand, looked at it, poured a little back into the tin, and tipped the rest into the pot. "That much," she said.
Ananya measured what was left in the tin, it from what had been there before, and wrote down "three-quarters of a cup". She felt quite pleased with herself.
It went on like that all morning. The tamarind was "the size of a small lemon". The salt was "until it tastes right". The sambar powder was "a good spoonful, not a greedy one". Ananya measured, weighed and wrote, and by lunchtime she had two full pages of notes.
The next Sunday, she followed her notes exactly. The sambar was fine. It was, everyone agreed, perfectly good sambar.
It was not Paati's sambar.
When she told her grandmother, Paati laughed and took her hand. "You wrote down my hands," she said. "You did not write down my tongue. That, you will have to cook for twenty years to learn."
The dialogue is playful ("Enough is not a measurement, Paati") and Paati's descriptions are funny ("a good spoonful, not a greedy one").
It ends with a laugh and a loving gesture.
Worth noting
Ananya's disappointment is brief, and her grandmother turns it into a warm lesson.
The signboard scholar
Narrative · 232 words · 5 questions
The signboard scholar
Salim had driven an auto-rickshaw in the city for eleven years before he decided to learn English, and he learnt it from the signboards.
He started with the ones he passed every day. NO PARKING. KEEP LEFT. SCHOOL AHEAD, DRIVE SLOWLY. He did not know the words, but he knew what they meant, because he had watched what people did when they saw them. So he , from the meaning to the letters.
At red lights he copied words into a notebook he kept in the . In the evenings his daughter, who was in the eighth standard, checked them and taught him how to say them. She was a teacher. She made him repeat "pharmacy" twelve times, because he kept wanting to say it with a P.
By the second year he could read the headlines of the newspaper his passengers left behind. By the third, he could talk to the foreign tourists who waved him down near the museum, and they tipped better when he could tell them the way.
One evening a passenger in a suit, hurrying to the airport, asked if he could help with a word on a form. Salim read it, explained it, and waited while the man wrote.
"Where did you study?" the man asked.
Salim looked out at the lit-up signs of the city past the window.
"Here," he said.
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Words in this passage (4)
work backwards
to start from the result and work out how it was reached
AnswerA · He learnt from the city itself, its signs and streets, not from a school
He looks out at "the lit-up signs of the city" before answering.
The signs of the city had been his classroom, so "Here" is a proud, simple answer.
Worth noting
The glance at the signs just before he speaks tells you what "here" means.
The new bicycle
Narrative · 222 words · 5 questions
The new bicycle
When Diya's little brother got a new bicycle for his birthday, Diya decided to hate it.
It was red, with a bell and a basket and on the handles, and it had been bought new, from the shop. Diya's own bicycle had belonged to a cousin, and before that to another cousin, and before that, her father claimed, to somebody in the Mughal army. Its bell had been silent for years.
For a week she did not look at the red bicycle. She did not say it was nice. When Kabir rode it round the , ringing the bell, she went inside and shut the door.
On the eighth day, Kabir came to find her. He had fallen off twice that morning, and his knee was .
"It goes too fast," he said, near tears. "And it . Yours doesn't wobble."
Diya looked at him. She thought of all the things she could say. Then she went out to the courtyard, held the back of his seat, and ran beside him up and down until her legs hurt and he stopped wobbling.
That evening her father found the two of them oiling the chain of the old bicycle together.
"I thought you hated his bicycle," he said.
"I did," said Diya. "It's hard to hate something when you're holding it up."
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Words in this passage (4)
streamer
a long, narrow strip of coloured paper or cloth used for decoration
courtyard
an open space surrounded by walls or buildings
scrape
to damage the skin by rubbing it against something rough
What does Diya mean by "It's hard to hate something when you're holding it up"?
Show the explanationHide the explanation
AnswerD · Helping her brother had made her jealousy disappear
While she held the seat and ran beside Kabir, she was helping him, not resenting him.
The act of helping left no room for jealousy, which is why she and Kabir are later working on her old bicycle together.
Worth noting
"I did" is in the past tense: she hated it once, but no longer does.
The night the lights came
Narrative · 233 words · 5 questions
The night the lights came
Electricity came to Kolhewadi on a Thursday in the monsoon, and for the first week nobody in the village slept properly.
It was not the noise. It was the light. Houses that had gone dark at sunset for as long as anyone could remember now until ten, eleven, even midnight. People stood in their doorways and looked at one another's windows as if they had never seen them before.
Old Tukaram refused to have the bulb switched on at all. He said he had lived seventy-two years by and did not intend to change for a machine. His grandson Ganesh, who was studying for his tenth-standard exams, said nothing, but he took his books to his aunt's house every night to read.
On the fifth night, Tukaram walked over to his sister's house to see what the was about. He found Ganesh at the table, bent over his mathematics, working out a problem in the bright white light. There was no smoke in his eyes. There was no flame to . There was only the boy, and the numbers, and the long quiet hours of the evening ahead of him.
Tukaram watched for a long time without speaking.
The next evening, when Ganesh came home, he found the bulb in his grandfather's house already switched on, and the old man sitting beneath it, pretending to read the newspaper upside down.
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Words in this passage (4)
glow
to give out a steady, soft light
lamplight
the light from an oil lamp
fuss
unnecessary excitement or attention about something
trim
to cut a little off something to make it neat; here, to cut the burnt part of a lamp's wick
What does the final image of Tukaram "pretending to read the newspaper upside down" suggest?
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AnswerD · He had changed his mind, but was too proud to admit it openly
He has switched on the bulb, which he refused to do before, but he pretends to be busy with a newspaper.
Reading it upside down gives him away: he is only pretending, to save face. The image is gently comic.
Worth noting
The story does not tell us whether Tukaram can read; the upside-down paper shows pretence, not inability.
The wrong train
Narrative · 246 words · 5 questions
The wrong train
Rohan had checked the platform number three times. He had checked the train number twice. He had even asked a . So when the ticket collector looked at his ticket and said, "This is for the Karnataka Express, sir. This is the Kerala Express," Rohan did not believe him.
"But they left from the same platform," he said.
"Twenty minutes apart," said the ticket collector kindly. "It happens more than you would think."
The next station was three hours away. Rohan sat down heavily on his bag in the doorway and began to how late he would be for his cousin's wedding. The answer was: very.
The old woman in the seat beside the door, who had been watching the whole thing over her glasses, patted the space next to her. "Sit," she said. "You look like you need tea."
It turned out she had been making the same journey every month for thirty years to see her daughter. She knew which stations had the best vadas, which chaiwala added cardamom, and exactly where Rohan should get off to catch a bus back the way he had come.
He reached the wedding four hours late, just in time for the dinner. His cousin laughed at him for weeks.
But when Rohan told the story afterwards, it was never about the wedding. It was about the woman who had given him her vadas, her tea and her timetable, and had refused, , to let him pay.
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Words in this passage (3)
porter
a person whose job is to carry luggage at a station
Why was the story Rohan told "never about the wedding"?
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AnswerC · The stranger's kindness mattered more to him than the event he was late for
The last paragraph says the story was always about "the woman who had given him her vadas, her tea and her timetable".
The unexpected kindness of a stranger became the part of the day he valued.
Worth noting
His cousin laughed at him, but nothing suggests he disliked his cousin.
The ticket checker
Narrative · 218 words · 5 questions
The ticket checker
Arjun had spent his last ten rupees on a samosa at Nashik station, and only when the train began to move did he remember that his ticket was in his brother's bag, and his brother was in the next coach.
He sat very still. Every time the door opened, his heart jumped. After an hour, it opened for the ticket checker: a tall man with a grey moustache and a notebook.
"Ticket?"
Arjun explained. He heard his voice go high and fast. The man listened without a word, then wrote something in his notebook.
"Your brother's name?"
"Rohan. Rohan Deshpande. Coach S4, I think."
The checker walked off. Arjun sat for twenty long minutes, sure he would be put off at the next station. Then the door opened, and Rohan came through it, grinning, with the ticket in his hand. Behind him came the checker.
"Next time," said the checker, "keep your own ticket in your own pocket." He it, handed it back, and moved on down the coach.
"He came and found me," Rohan said. "He walked through three coaches calling our name."
Arjun looked down the . The checker was bent over another passenger's ticket, as if nothing had happened. He had not smiled once, and Arjun realised that he had not needed to.
Arjun looks along the coach and sees the checker bent over another passenger's ticket.
That means he is looking along the passage between the seats.
Worth noting
The checker is "moving on down the coach", along the passage.
The cricket ball
Narrative · 238 words · 5 questions
The cricket ball
The ball went higher than any ball Sameer had ever hit. For one second the whole lane watched it climb. Then it came down, as balls do, straight into Mrs Fernandes's balcony, and they heard the crash of a clay pot.
The other boys . It was a skill they had, like bowling. Sameer stood alone in the lane with the bat in his hand.
He could have run too. The bat was his, but nobody had seen who was holding it. Instead he climbed the stairs, very slowly, and knocked.
Mrs Fernandes opened the door with the ball in one hand and a broken piece of pot in the other. Behind her, on the balcony, soil and a small green plant lay across the tiles.
"I'm sorry," said Sameer. "It was me. I will pay for the pot."
She looked at him for a long moment. Then she held out the ball. "The pot was twenty rupees," she said. "The plant is a curry leaf. It will live if you help me it."
So he spent the evening on her balcony with his hands in the soil, while she told him about the village in Goa where the plant's mother had grown. When he went home, she gave him a bag of curry leaves for his mother.
The next Sunday, the ball went into her balcony again. This time Mrs Fernandes threw it back herself.
AnswerB · That the quarrel had turned into friendship, so a ball on her balcony was no longer a problem
The first time, the ball brought trouble. This time she throws it back herself, cheerfully.
The change shows how their relationship has changed.
Worth noting
The ending is warm, not a criticism of Sameer.
The tailor's apprentice
Narrative · 212 words · 5 questions
The tailor's apprentice
On his first day as an in the tailoring shop, Imran expected to sew. Instead, Ustad Karim gave him a box of buttons and told him to sort them.
On the second day, he sorted thread. On the third day, he swept the floor, and on the fourth he sorted the buttons again, because a customer's child had knocked the box over.
By the end of the second week, Imran was angry. "When will I learn to sew?" he asked.
The old tailor did not look up from his machine. "Tell me," he said, "how many kinds of white thread do we have?"
"Four," said Imran at once. "Cotton, silk, the thick one for buttons, and the cheap one for ."
"And where are the small pearl buttons?"
"Third drawer, left side, behind the ones."
Ustad Karim stopped the machine. "A tailor who does not know his own shop," he said, "spends half his day looking for things. You have learnt the shop. Tomorrow, you will learn to use the measuring tape."
On the next day, Imran measured his first customer. His hands shook a little, but he knew exactly where everything was, and when the old man asked for chalk, he had it ready before the sentence was finished.
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Words in this passage (3)
apprentice
a young person learning a skill by working for an expert
tack
to sew with long, loose stitches to hold cloth in place for a short time
AnswerB · He is nervous but well prepared, because he knows the shop
"His hands shook a little", but "he knew exactly where everything was" and had the chalk ready before being asked.
Worth noting
One day of measuring does not mean he is ready to open his own shop.
Results day
Narrative · 198 words · 5 questions
Results day
The results were due at noon. By eleven, Farhan had the page so often that his thumb hurt.
His friend Nikhil had already rung twice. Nikhil was sure he had done well, and he wanted to compare. Farhan was not sure of anything. The physics paper had gone badly, and he had spent the weeks since telling himself that it did not matter, which is what you say about things that matter very much.
At noon the website . At twelve-fifteen it came back. At twelve-twenty, Farhan typed in his roll number with fingers that did not seem to belong to him.
He had passed. Physics was his lowest mark, lower than he had hoped, but not as low as he had feared. His other marks were good. His English mark was the best in his class.
His phone rang. It was Nikhil. His voice was small.
"I didn't maths," Nikhil said. "I'll have to take it again."
Farhan looked at his own screen, at the numbers he had wanted so badly to share. Then he closed the page.
"I'm coming over," he said. "Don't tell me your marks. Tell me what we're going to eat."
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Words in this passage (3)
refresh
to load a web page again to see the newest version
crash
of a computer or website, to suddenly stop working
Why does Farhan say "Don't tell me your marks. Tell me what we're going to eat"?
Show the explanationHide the explanation
AnswerD · He wants to take Nikhil's mind off the result and show that marks don't matter between them
Farhan has just closed his own results page. By changing the subject to food, he shows Nikhil that their friendship matters more than marks.
Worth noting
Going over at once shows that he cares.
Mother's first gift
Narrative · 252 words · 5 questions
Mother's first gift
When Anjali received her first , eleven thousand rupees for a month at the call centre, she knew at once what she would buy. Her mother had worn the same pair of thin gold bangles for as long as Anjali could remember, and one of them had a crack that she hid under her sleeve.
On Saturday Anjali went to the 's, chose a simple new bangle and paid for it with almost half her salary. All the way home on the bus she held the small red box in her lap.
Her mother opened it, looked at the bangle for a long moment, and then closed the box again.
"It's beautiful," she said quietly. "Now take it back."
Anjali stared at her. "Take it back? Why?"
"Because I know what you earn, and I know you need new shoes for your interviews. These bangles were my mother's. I don't need new ones. I need to see you walk into an office in good shoes."
Anjali , then cried a little, and finally went back to the shop. The jeweller, who had heard many such stories, returned the money without .
That evening she came home with a pair of black shoes, and a small bag of jalebis for her mother. Her mother ate one slowly and said it was the best gift anyone had ever bought her. Anjali was not sure whether to believe her, but she noticed that her mother was wearing the cracked bangle with her sleeve pushed back.
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Words in this passage (4)
salary
money a person is paid for work, usually every month
jeweller
a person who makes or sells jewellery
complaint
a statement that you are unhappy about something
argue
to give reasons for or against something, often angrily
AnswerC · True care means thinking of what the other person really needs
Anjali shows love with a costly gift; her mother shows love by refusing it so Anjali can buy what she needs.
Worth noting
The mother does accept a gift, the jalebis, so she does not refuse all gifts.
The kite that got away
Narrative · 237 words · 5 questions
The kite that got away
On the morning of Makar Sankranti, the roofs of the old city were crowded with people, and the sky above them was full of kites. Ishaan, who was eleven, had spent a week making his: a red kite with a long blue tail, and a of string he had with rice paste and powdered glass until it was sharp.
For an hour his kite danced higher than any other on the street. Then a green kite from the next roof crossed his line. Ishaan pulled; the other boy pulled harder. There was a soft snap, and the red kite floated free, slowly away over the rooftops.
Ishaan did not cry, though his throat felt tight. Below, a crowd of small children was already running through the lanes after the falling kite, shouting.
His grandfather, who had watched from a in the corner, called him over. "Do you know what I liked best about Sankranti when I was a boy?" he asked. "Not my own kites. I lost most of them. I liked running after other people's."
He gave Ishaan two rupees. "Go," he said. "There will be another one falling soon."
Ishaan ran down the stairs. An hour later he came back with a torn yellow kite, a knee and a grin as wide as the sky. He had not won anything, but he had caught something, and somehow that felt better.
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Words in this passage (5)
coat
to cover something with a thin layer
reel
a round object on which string or thread is wound
drift
to be carried slowly by water or air
charpai
a simple Indian bed made of a wooden frame with woven string
AnswerB · Joy can come from taking part, not only from winning
"He had not won anything, but he had caught something, and somehow that felt better."
Worth noting
The ending is about how he feels, not about improving his string.
The postman's last round
Narrative · 230 words · 5 questions
The postman's last round
For thirty-one years, Raghunath had the letters in Shantinagar. He knew every gate, every dog and every family. He knew which house would give him water in May and which grandmother would ask him to read her letters aloud, because her eyes were weak.
On his last day before , his bag was lighter than it had ever been. Hardly anyone wrote letters now. There were a few bank statements, two parcels from online shops, a wedding card and a government envelope. He finished his round before eleven.
When he reached the post office, the door was closed, which was strange. He pushed it open and stopped. The small room was full of people: shopkeepers, children he had seen grow up, the grandmother with the weak eyes, now leaning on her grandson's arm.
On the counter lay a thick of envelopes, tied with string. "For you," said the postmaster. "We asked the whole to write."
Raghunath sat down and opened them one by one. Some were long, some were only a line. A boy who was now an engineer in Pune remembered the day Raghunath had brought his admission letter running. A thanked him for reading her husband's last letter to her, slowly, twice.
He had carried other people's words for thirty-one years. That afternoon, for the first time, a whole bag of letters was his.
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Words in this passage (5)
deliver
to take something to a place; to give a speech
retirement
the time when a person stops working, usually because of age
"He had carried other people's words for thirty-one years. That afternoon, for the first time, a whole bag of letters was his." What makes this ending moving?
Show the explanationHide the explanation
AnswerD · The man who always delivered others' letters at last receives letters of his own, full of thanks
The ending turns his job around: after decades of carrying messages to others, the messages are now for him.
Worth noting
The point is the reversal of roles, not money or a new job.
The people of the colony gather to thank him, and their letters remember his kindness.
Worth noting
The light bag and the closed door create a moment of doubt, but the mood ends warm.
The girl in goal
Narrative · 224 words · 5 questions
The girl in goal
The boys of Kothapalli played football every evening on the dusty ground behind the school, and every evening Lakshmi watched from the wall. She knew the rules better than most of them. She had learnt them from her cousin's old phone, watching matches with the sound turned down.
One day the team's goalkeeper fell ill just before a match against the next village. "Let me play," Lakshmi said. The captain laughed. Then he looked at the other boys, none of whom wanted to stand in goal, and stopped laughing.
"Fine," he said. "But if we lose, it's your fault."
The other team scored in the first five minutes. Lakshmi had the wrong way. She heard someone on the wall , and her face burned. But she remembered something from the matches on the phone: good goalkeepers watched the hips of the player, not his eyes. After that she watched hips.
She saved a shot low to her left. She saved another with her . In the last minute she threw herself at the feet of their best and came up with the ball, her elbow bleeding.
Kothapalli won, two goals to one. Nobody carried Lakshmi on their shoulders. But the next evening, when she arrived at the ground, the captain did not look at the wall. He threw her the goalkeeper's gloves.
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Words in this passage (4)
jeer
to laugh at or shout rude things at someone
dive
to jump suddenly towards something, often to the ground
striker
a football player whose main job is to score goals
At the end, the captain "did not look at the wall. He threw her the goalkeeper's gloves." What does this show?
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AnswerC · He now accepted her as the team's goalkeeper, without needing to say it
The wall is where she used to sit and watch. By not looking there and handing her the gloves, he shows she belongs on the field.
Worth noting
"Nobody carried Lakshmi on their shoulders": the acceptance is quiet, shown by an action rather than praise.
The experiment that failed
Narrative · 241 words · 5 questions
The experiment that failed
Kabir's project for the science fair was a small model that produced electricity from the of water. For two weeks he worked on it every evening, and on the night before the fair it lit a tiny bulb perfectly.
On the day, in front of the judges, it did nothing at all.
Kabir checked the wires and the little wheel. He poured the water again. Nothing. Across the hall, his , Dev, was showing a robotic arm that picked up a pencil, and a crowd had gathered round him.
One of the judges, a engineer with thick glasses, waited . "What do you think has gone wrong?" she asked.
Kabir's first wish was to say that it had worked yesterday, which was true, and to blame the water in the school tap. Instead he took a breath and thought aloud. Perhaps a wire had come loose on the bus. Perhaps the wheel was rubbing against the box. He opened the box. The wheel was rubbing against the box.
There was not time to mend it properly, so he explained to the judge exactly what should have happened, and why it had not, and how he would fix it.
Dev won the first prize. Kabir won nothing. But as the judges left, the engineer stopped at his table. "I have seen many machines work," she said. "I have seen very few students find out why one didn't. Keep that habit."
AnswerB · Honestly working out why something failed is a valuable skill
Kabir resists blaming the tap water, finds the real fault and explains it, and the judge says this habit matters most.
Worth noting
Dev wins, but the story's focus is on what Kabir learns.
Grandfather's radio
Narrative · 242 words · 5 questions
Grandfather's radio
Grandfather's radio had stood on the shelf above his bed for forty years. It was a brown box with a cloth front and a that glowed orange. Every evening at seven he turned it on for the news, and every evening the family pretended not to mind the .
Then one evening it went silent. Grandfather turned the knob back and forth, tapped the side, and finally put it down without a word. For a week he sat in the evenings with nothing in his hands.
Neha, who was studying electronics at the , offered to look at it. Her father told her not to bother. "Buy him a new one," he said. "They are cheap now. You can get every station in the world on a phone."
But Neha had seen her grandfather's hands in the evenings. She took the radio to the college workshop. Inside, among the dust, she found a burnt-out part the size of her fingernail. It took her three days and four shops to find one like it.
When she brought the radio home, Grandfather turned it on. The orange dial glowed, and the old crackle filled the room, and then the voice of the newsreader came through, a little , as it always had been.
Her father said a new radio would have sounded better. Grandfather said nothing. He only turned up the volume, so that the crackle could be heard all over the house.
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Words in this passage (4)
dial
the part of a radio with numbers that shows which station is chosen
crackle
a series of short, sharp sounds
polytechnic
a college that teaches practical and technical subjects
At the end, Grandfather "turned up the volume, so that the crackle could be heard all over the house". What does this suggest?
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AnswerD · The old crackle was part of what he loved, and he was glad to have it back
His son says a new radio would sound better; Grandfather answers by making the familiar crackle louder, not by arguing.
Worth noting
The family once had to pretend not to mind the crackle; now he proudly fills the house with it.
The old well
Narrative · 229 words · 5 questions
The old well
In the third year of the , the hand pump in Bilaspur village gave nothing but air. The from the town came twice a week, and the women stood in line for hours with their pots.
At the village meeting, the men argued about digging a new borewell. The wanted two lakh rupees and could promise nothing. Then old Gangubai, who rarely spoke at meetings, raised her hand.
"There was a well behind the temple when I was a girl," she said. "My mother drew water from it. It was filled in with rubbish when the pumps came."
Some of the young men smiled. Nobody remembered any well behind the temple. But Gangubai's grandson, Suresh, believed her, and the next Sunday he and two friends began to dig where she pointed. Under a metre of plastic bags and broken bricks, they found a ring of old stones.
It took the village three weeks to clear it. The old well was deep and narrow, lined with stones that fitted together without . At the bottom, slowly, water began to gather, cold and clear.
It did not end the drought. But it gave the village drinking water until the rains came, and it cost nothing but work. At the next meeting, when the men began to argue, the headman turned first to Gangubai.
"What do you remember?" he asked.
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Words in this passage (4)
drought
a long period with little or no rain
tanker
a truck that carries water or oil in a large tank
contractor
a person or company paid to do building or other work
cement
a grey powder mixed with water and sand to build with
AnswerC · Old knowledge, ignored by others, can solve present problems
Gangubai's memory leads to a well that gives water "until the rains came" and "cost nothing but work".
Worth noting
The story does not say borewells are bad; it shows the value of what the old remember.
The monitor's list
Narrative · 237 words · 5 questions
The monitor's list
Being class had seemed like an to Aditi until the day Mrs Sharma left the room for ten minutes and handed her a piece of chalk. "Write the names of anyone who talks," she said.
The class was quiet for exactly one minute. Then Vikram, at the back, began to tell a joke. Several boys laughed. Aditi wrote "Vikram" on the board, and the laughter stopped.
Then Kavya, her best friend, leaned across to the girl beside her and whispered something. Aditi heard it clearly. It was only a question about the homework, but it was talking.
Aditi stood with the chalk in her hand. Vikram was watching her. So was everyone else. If she did not write Kavya's name, the whole class would know why. If she did, Kavya might not speak to her for a week.
She wrote "Kavya" under "Vikram".
Kavya's face went red. When Mrs Sharma came back and read the board, Kavya explained about the homework, and Mrs Sharma rubbed out both names. "A question about work is not talking," she said. "And a joke is not a crime. But thank you, Aditi, for being ."
Kavya did not speak to Aditi at lunch. But on the way home she caught up with her at the gate and walked beside her in silence for a while.
"You were right," she said at last. "I would have written your name too."
"I would have written your name too." What does Kavya's remark at the end show?
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AnswerD · After thinking it over, she accepts that Aditi did the right thing
She first says "You were right", then admits she would have done the same in Aditi's place.
Worth noting
Walking beside Aditi and speaking first shows the friendship has survived, not a threat.
The teacher from the city
Narrative · 235 words · 5 questions
The teacher from the city
Mr Bhatia arrived at the government school in Chandpur with three suitcases and a lot of plans. He had taught for five years in a private school in Delhi, and he was sure the village children would be behind.
On his first day he asked the Class 7 students to name the parts of a plant. They gave the answers in the book, slowly and shyly. He sighed. Then he asked them to name the plants they could see from the window.
The room changed. Hands went up everywhere. A girl named Rekha named eleven plants in two minutes, and told him which ones cured a stomach ache and which ones made goats sick. A boy explained how to tell from the colour of a neem leaf whether the rains would be early. Another described how his father mango trees, and drew it on the board, more clearly than the in the textbook.
Mr Bhatia had planned to teach them about plants. Instead he spent the taking notes.
That evening he wrote to a friend in Delhi. "I came here thinking I would bring knowledge to the village," he wrote. "I have been here one day, and I already know less than a twelve-year-old girl about the things growing outside my window."
He did not throw away his plans. But he added a new one. Every Friday, the class would teach him.
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Words in this passage (3)
graft
to join a piece of one plant onto another so that they grow together
diagram
a simple drawing that shows how something works
period
one of the times into which a school day is divided
AnswerA · That the village children have valuable knowledge he can learn from
In his letter he writes that he knows "less than a twelve-year-old girl" about the plants outside, and he decides that "Every Friday, the class would teach him."
Worth noting
"He did not throw away his plans", so he does not think them useless.
Words on the way
Narrative · 249 words · 5 questions
Words on the way
When Selvi came from Madurai to study in Delhi, she spoke Tamil and good English, but almost no Hindi. In the first week, she ordered tea and got coffee, asked for the library and was sent to the canteen, and once nodded "yes" to a question she had not understood at all, and found she had agreed to join the dance club.
The worst part was not the mistakes. It was the moment, in every conversation, when people to English for her, slowly and kindly, and she felt like a guest who would never become a member of the family.
So she made a plan. Every morning on the metro she learnt five Hindi words from her phone, and every afternoon she used all five, even if the sentences came out wrong. The aunty who ran the photocopy shop became her teacher without knowing it. Selvi asked her the price of everything, and the aunty her grammar while she counted the change.
By November she could with an auto driver. By January she understood the jokes in the hostel common room, though she still did not find all of them funny.
At the end of the year the dance club held its show, and Selvi danced in it, badly, to a Hindi song. When she came off the stage, a girl from her class said something very fast in Hindi. Selvi understood every word, and answered in Hindi too, and neither of them switched to English.
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Words in this passage (3)
switch
to change from one thing to another
correct
to show or mark the mistakes in something
argue
to give reasons for or against something, often angrily
What is the importance of the final line, "neither of them switched to English"?
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AnswerC · It shows that Selvi is now treated as one of them, which was what she wanted most
Earlier, people switching to English made her feel like a guest. Now the conversation stays in Hindi, as between equals.
Worth noting
The ending echoes the "worst part" from the beginning and shows it has been overcome.
The price of tomatoes
Narrative · 255 words · 5 questions
The price of tomatoes
For years, Ramesh had sold his tomatoes to the same , who came to the village in a truck at time and named the price. Ramesh had no way of knowing whether it was a fair one. The trader always said the market was bad.
His daughter Kavitha, who was in Class 11, had a phone with a cracked screen and a data pack her uncle paid for. One evening she sat beside her father and showed him a government app that listed the prices at mandis across the district.
Ramesh was not interested. "The app doesn't buy tomatoes," he said.
But the next morning, when the trader offered eight rupees a kilo, Kavitha checked the app. At the in the town, forty kilometres away, tomatoes were selling for nineteen.
Ramesh thought about the cost of hiring a , about the day he would lose, about the trader, whom he had known for twenty years. Then he looked at the number on his daughter's phone.
He did not go to the mandi. Instead, he told the trader what the app said. The trader laughed, then grumbled, then raised his price to fourteen. It was less than nineteen, but it was much more than eight, and Ramesh did not have to hire a tempo.
That night Ramesh asked Kavitha to show him how the app worked. He was slow with the screen, and he held the phone too far from his eyes. But he did not say again that the app didn't buy tomatoes.
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Words in this passage (4)
trader
a person who buys and sells goods
harvest
the time when crops are gathered
mandi
(in India) a market where farmers sell crops in bulk
At the end, Ramesh "did not say again that the app didn't buy tomatoes". What does this show?
Show the explanationHide the explanation
AnswerA · He has come to see the value of the information his daughter showed him
Once the information earned him six rupees more a kilo, he asks to learn the app himself and drops his doubting remark.
Worth noting
Asking to learn shows interest, not loss of it.
The wrong number
Narrative · 232 words · 5 questions
The wrong number
The first time the old man called, Arjun said, "Sorry, wrong number," and hung up. The second time, the next evening, the same tired voice asked for "Shyam", and Arjun explained that there was no Shyam at this number.
"Ah," said the voice. "Shyam was my son. This used to be his number. He moved to Canada and changed it. I forget sometimes."
Arjun did not know what to say, so he asked how the old man was. The old man, whose name was Mr Iyer, said he was well, and then talked for twenty minutes about his garden, his knees and the price of vegetables. Arjun, who was supposed to be studying for his exam, listened.
After that, Mr Iyer called every few days. He always began by for the wrong number, and Arjun always said it was all right. He learnt that Mr Iyer had been a teacher of mathematics for thirty-five years, and when Arjun mentioned a sum he was stuck on, Mr Iyer solved it on the phone in four minutes, faster than the .
In March, Arjun passed his exam. He called the number he now knew by heart to tell Mr Iyer.
A woman answered. She was Mr Iyer's , visiting from Canada. "He talks about you," she said. "He calls you his wrong number. He says it is the best number he has."
Why did Arjun listen for twenty minutes instead of hanging up?
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AnswerA · He sensed the old man was lonely and did not have the heart to cut him short
After hearing that the man's son had moved away, "Arjun did not know what to say, so he asked how the old man was", and then listened though he should have been studying.
Worth noting
Help with maths came later; at first he listened out of kindness.
"He says it is the best number he has." What does this ending reveal?
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AnswerB · The accidental friendship has come to mean a great deal to the lonely old man
Mr Iyer "talks about" Arjun and calls him "his wrong number", the number he values most.
Worth noting
The daughter-in-law shares this warmly; nothing suggests anger.
The puncture
Narrative · 252 words · 5 questions
The puncture
Every boy in the colony took his bicycle to Mohammed Chacha, who sat under the peepal tree near the bus stop with a tin box of tools and a bucket of water. He mended punctures for twenty rupees and never seemed to hurry.
When Arnav's tyre went flat on the morning of his maths exam, he ran to the tree. "Please, Chacha, quickly," he said. "I'm late."
Mohammed Chacha looked at him over his glasses. Then he did something strange. Instead of taking the tyre, he handed Arnav the tools.
"You do it," he said. "I will tell you how."
Arnav stared. "But I'll be late!"
"You will be faster next time," said the old man calmly.
So, with Mohammed Chacha's voice guiding him, Arnav took off the wheel, pulled out the tube and pushed it under the water in the bucket until a line of tiny bubbles showed where the hole was. He the rubber, spread the glue, pressed on the and counted to sixty. His hands were black and his heart was racing, but the patch held.
He was ten minutes late for the exam, and the teacher frowned. But he had done well, and that evening he went back to the peepal tree with twenty rupees.
Mohammed Chacha pushed the money away. "You did the work," he said. "Keep it. Buy a kit."
Arnav did. The next time his tyre went flat, he mended it himself in eight minutes, and he was not late at all.
AnswerC · Learning to do something yourself helps you more than having it done for you
Arnav was late once, but next time he mended the tyre "in eight minutes, and he was not late at all".
Worth noting
The story admits the first delay cost him; the point is the long-term gain.
The notebook in the rain
Narrative · 249 words · 5 questions
The notebook in the rain
Farhan had written every chemistry note for two years in one thick blue notebook. It held every , every diagram and every trick his teacher had shown him, and his board exams were three weeks away.
On the way home from , the monsoon broke. Farhan ran, but the plastic bag around his books had a hole in it. By the time he reached home, the blue notebook was a soft, block, and the ink of the last forty pages had run into grey clouds.
He sat on the floor of his room and did not move for a long time.
His sister Nida found him there. She did not tell him it was all right, because it was not. She picked up the notebook, opened it gently, and began to lay the pages out one by one on the floor under the fan.
Some pages dried and could be read. Most of the last forty could not. That night, Farhan sat down at the table with a new notebook and began to write the lost pages again from memory, checking the textbook only when he was stuck.
It took him eight evenings. To his surprise, he remembered more than he had expected, and in rewriting the notes he understood several things he had only copied before.
Three weeks later, in the exam hall, a question came on a topic from those lost pages. Farhan smiled. He had not just written that answer. He had written it twice.
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Words in this passage (3)
formula
a short way of showing a rule or fact using letters and numbers
"He had not just written that answer. He had written it twice." What is the point of this ending?
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AnswerC · The loss turned into an advantage, because rewriting the notes had fixed them in his mind
The question came from "those lost pages", which he had written once in the old notebook and again from memory.
Worth noting
"Written it twice" refers to his two sets of notes, not to the exam paper.
The girl in the photograph
Narrative · 248 words · 5 questions
The girl in the photograph
While clearing out her grandmother's , Diya found a photograph she had never seen. It showed a young woman of about twenty in a white sari, standing on a cricket field with a bat on her shoulder. Behind her, a group of other young women were laughing.
"Who is this?" Diya asked.
Her grandmother took the photograph, held it close to her eyes and was silent for a while. "That is me," she said. "Nagpur, 1968. We had a women's team at the college."
Diya laughed, then stopped when she saw her grandmother's face. She had never seen her grandmother do anything more than walk to the temple. "You played cricket?"
"I opened the batting," said her grandmother. "I was quite good. We played other colleges. Once I scored sixty-two."
"Why did you stop?"
Her grandmother put the photograph down gently. "I got married the next year," she said. "In those days, that was the end of it. Nobody said I must stop. Nobody said I could go on."
Diya did not know what to say. That evening, she put the photograph in a frame and stood it on the shelf in the drawing room, where everyone would see it.
The next Sunday, she took her grandmother to watch her own college team play. Her grandmother sat at the for three hours, shouting advice that nobody had asked for, and on the way home she told Diya exactly what the opening batter had been doing wrong.
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Words in this passage (3)
trunk
a large strong box for storing or carrying things
energetic
full of energy and activity
boundary
the edge of a cricket field; a line that marks the edge of an area
AnswerB · Diya's grandmother as a young woman on a cricket field with a bat
It showed "a young woman of about twenty in a white sari, standing on a cricket field with a bat on her shoulder", who turns out to be her grandmother.
Worth noting
The other women in the background were her teammates.
What does the last paragraph show about the grandmother?
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AnswerC · Her love and knowledge of the game are still very much alive
She sits at the boundary for three hours "shouting advice that nobody had asked for" and explains what the opening batter did wrong.
Worth noting
"Advice that nobody had asked for" is a fond joke, not a sign that she dislikes the team.
The boat to school
Narrative · 246 words · 5 questions
The boat to school
The children of Majuli's eastern villages did not walk to school. They went by boat.
Every morning at seven, Hemanta's father eight of them across the to the school on the other bank. It took forty minutes in the dry season and over an hour when the Brahmaputra rose in the rains. The children sat in a row in the narrow boat with their schoolbags on their knees, and Hemanta, who was twelve, sat at the front and watched for floating branches.
One July morning the river was higher and faster than anyone could remember. Hemanta's father stood on the bank for a long time, watching the brown water, and then said there would be no crossing that day.
The younger children . Hemanta did not. His mathematics exam was that morning, and he had studied for it for a month.
His father looked at his face. Then he looked at the river again. "No," he said. "Not today. The exam will come again. You will not."
Hemanta was angry all day. He sat on the bank and watched the water carry whole trees past the village, and in the afternoon he saw part of the far bank slide into the river.
The next week the headmaster held the exam again for the children from across the channel. Hemanta did well. But he never forgot the trees in the brown water, or the way his father had looked at the river before he spoke.
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Words in this passage (3)
channel
a narrow stretch of water between two pieces of land
How does Hemanta's view of the day seem to change by the end?
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AnswerA · Seeing the river's power, he comes to understand his father's decision
He "never forgot the trees in the brown water, or the way his father had looked at the river before he spoke".
Worth noting
His anger lasted "all day", but the ending shows the memory that taught him why his father was right.
The last raid
Narrative · 258 words · 5 questions
The last raid
The kabaddi final between Rampur and Kheri was level, twenty-eight points each, with one raid left. Rampur's was Gurpreet, the fastest boy in the district, and the whole village was on the edge of the field, shouting his name.
Gurpreet crossed the line, chanting "kabaddi, kabaddi" under his breath, and towards the Kheri defenders. One of them dived for his ankle. Gurpreet twisted, touched another player's shoulder with his fingertips and back to his own half. The raised his arm: one point to Rampur. The village roared.
But Gurpreet did not raise his arms. He was looking at his own foot. As he twisted, he had felt it touch the outside line, the line that put a raider out. The referee had not seen it. Nobody had seen it, except perhaps the Kheri boy who had dived.
For a moment Gurpreet stood still while his team ran towards him. Then he walked to the referee and said something. The referee frowned, spoke to the line judge, and lowered his arm.
The point was taken away. In the extra raid, Kheri scored and won.
The Rampur crowd was silent on the long walk home. Some of the older men would not look at Gurpreet. But the Kheri boy who had dived for his ankle came across the field afterwards, shook his hand and did not let go for a long moment. And the next season, when the district team was chosen, the , who had been watching from the crowd that day, picked Gurpreet first.
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Words in this passage (5)
raider
(in kabaddi) the player who enters the other team's half to touch opponents
dart
to move suddenly and quickly
sprint
to run very fast for a short distance
referee
an official who makes sure players follow the rules
AnswerD · Honesty can cost a victory but earns lasting respect
Gurpreet loses the final by telling the truth, yet wins the respect of his opponent and is picked first for the district team.
Worth noting
The silent walk home shows the cost; the ending shows the reward.
The debate
Narrative · 253 words · 5 questions
The debate
Meenal had written her speech school uniforms, and she had written it well. She had practised it in front of the mirror, in front of her brother, and once, to his great , in front of her brother's friends. She knew it so well that she could have said it backwards.
Then the speaker, a quiet boy from the other school, stood up first and made every one of her points for her, and answered them.
He said that uniforms were meant to hide the difference between rich and poor, and then he pointed out, gently, that everyone could still tell whose uniform was new and whose had been worn by three older sisters. He said that uniforms saved time in the morning, and then he asked how much time his own mother had spent saving for a .
By the time Meenal walked to the microphone, her speech was a pile of arguments he had already knocked down. She looked at the first line, the one she had practised most, and could not make herself say it.
"I was going to tell you uniforms make us equal," she heard herself say. "I think I was wrong about why. They don't make us equal. They just make it harder to see when we're not. Maybe that's still worth something. I'm not sure."
She sat down to a silence she was certain was the worst she had ever caused. Then the quiet boy from the other school began to clap.
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Words in this passage (4)
in favour of
supporting or agreeing with something
embarrassment
the feeling of being uncomfortable or ashamed in front of others
Which of the following best states what the story suggests?
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AnswerC · Being honest about a changed opinion can matter more than winning
Meenal abandons the speech she practised and says what she now thinks, uncertainty included, and the story ends with her opponent's respect.
The story values her honesty above her winning or losing.
Worth noting
The story does not take a side on uniforms. Meenal ends by saying she is "not sure", and the story leaves it there.
The letter home
Narrative · 204 words · 5 questions
The letter home
Dear Amma,
The city is very big and very loud, and I am well. The factory gives us two meals and a bed in a room with five other men. They are good men. One of them is from a village near ours, and he like Appa's old tractor, so I feel quite at home.
The work is not hard. I stand at a machine that cuts cloth, and I watch that it cuts straight. At the end of the month I will send the money for Chotu's school and for the roof. Do not let Chotu tell you he can leave school. He is cleverer than I was, and he should stay.
I have bought a small fan with my first money. It makes more noise than wind, but I have it Monsoon, and the other men laugh. In the evenings we sit on the roof, where it is cooler, and one of them plays songs on his phone.
Please do not worry about me. Please tell Chotu that he must study, and that I said so.
Your son, Suresh
P.S. The food is not like yours. Nothing is. But I am eating it all, as you told me.
What does the P.S. reveal that the rest of the letter does not say directly?
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AnswerA · Suresh misses home, even though he says he is well
"The food is not like yours. Nothing is." For a moment, he admits that nothing in the city is like home.
The rest of the letter keeps a cheerful tone; the P.S. lets his homesickness show.
Worth noting
"I am eating it all, as you told me" shows he is obeying his mother, not refusing food.
Second place
Narrative · 240 words · 5 questions
Second place
Priyanka had won the district running race three years in a row, and everyone, including Priyanka, she would win it a fourth time.
The new girl from the government school ran . She was a head shorter than Priyanka and wore a T-shirt three sizes too big, and at the start she stood a little from the others, as if she was not sure she was allowed to be there.
For three hundred metres, Priyanka led, as she always did. Then she heard feet behind her that should not have been there, quick and light, and the barefoot girl went past her on the inside as if Priyanka were standing still.
Priyanka had imagined losing before, in the way people imagine things that will never happen. It had always been a disaster in her imagination: tears, silence in the car home, her coach looking away. What she had not imagined was how strange it would feel to be beaten fairly by someone better.
At the finishing line, the new girl bent over with her hands on her knees, breathing hard, and did not seem to know what to do next. Nobody had come to cheer for her.
Priyanka walked over. "Where did you learn to run like that?" she asked.
The girl looked up, . "Running to school," she said. "It's six kilometres."
"Then you've been training longer than I have," said Priyanka, and held out her hand.
AnswerD · That losing fairly to someone better felt different from the disaster she had imagined
She had always imagined losing as tears, silence and a coach looking away.
What she had not imagined was "how strange it would feel to be beaten fairly by someone better". The real experience was not the disaster of her imagination.
Worth noting
The story does not say she did not care. It says the feeling was strange, not what she had expected.
Why does the writer mention that "Nobody had come to cheer for her"?
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AnswerC · To show how alone the new girl was, which makes Priyanka's approach more meaningful
The girl won, yet had no one to share it with and "did not seem to know what to do next".
This makes Priyanka's walking over to her a real kindness, not just politeness.
Worth noting
She had just won the race, so the detail cannot be about her ability.
The chess set
Narrative · 222 words · 5 questions
The chess set
When Arjun's grandfather lost his sight, the family he would stop playing chess. He had played every evening for fifty years, first with his brother, then with his friends at the club, and in the last few years with Arjun, who almost always lost.
For a month the chess set stayed in its box. Then one evening his grandfather called Arjun and asked him to bring it.
"You'll have to tell me your moves," he said. "And tell me mine, when I make them, so I know I've put the piece where I meant to."
The first game was slow and . Arjun forgot to say his moves out loud, and twice his grandfather's hand knocked over a piece while searching for another. They gave up after twenty moves.
The second game went a little better. By the end of the week, his grandfather was holding the whole board in his head, asking "Is your bishop still on c4?" in a voice that suggested he knew perfectly well that it was.
On the tenth evening, Arjun won. He was so pleased that he said "!" before he remembered, and then felt terrible.
His grandfather laughed for a long time. "Fifty years I've been waiting for you to beat me," he said, "and you had to wait until I couldn't see it."
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Words in this passage (3)
assume
to think something is true without checking
confused
unable to think clearly or understand what is happening
checkmate
in chess, the position in which a king is trapped and the game is won
What does the grandfather's final remark show about him?
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AnswerA · He can laugh at his situation, and is warmly proud of his grandson
He laughs "for a long time" and jokes that he waited fifty years for Arjun to win.
The joke about not being able to see it shows humour about his blindness, and his waiting shows affection and pride.
Worth noting
The laughter and the joke are the opposite of bitterness.
The night bus
Narrative · 231 words · 5 questions
The night bus
The bus broke down at a quarter past midnight, on a of highway with no lights and no town for twenty kilometres. The driver climbed out, lifted the , looked inside for a long time, and climbed back in.
"Two hours," he announced. "Maybe three. A mechanic is coming from Hubli."
Meera, who was nineteen and travelling alone for the first time, pulled her bag closer and tried to look like someone who did this every week. The man across the aisle, who had been snoring since Dharwad, woke up, looked around, and began unwrapping a cloth parcel.
"Chakli?" he said, holding it out to her.
Every warning she had ever heard about strangers came back to her at once. She shook her head politely. The man shrugged and offered the parcel to the family in front instead, who took several.
Somewhere in the second hour, the family's baby began to cry, and would not stop. The mother was . It was the snoring man who took the baby, walked it slowly up and down the dark aisle, and sang to it in a low, voice until it fell asleep on his shoulder.
When he came back, Meera held out her hand.
"Is there any chakli left?" she asked.
He smiled, and gave her the last two pieces. They were, she decided, the best chakli she had ever eaten.
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Words in this passage (4)
stretch
a length or area of land, road or water
bonnet
the metal cover over the engine at the front of a vehicle
What does the ending, "the best chakli she had ever eaten", suggest?
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AnswerD · The chakli tasted special because of the trust and kindness it now stood for
The chakli is the same food she refused earlier. What has changed is how she sees the man.
Accepting it now means accepting his kindness, which is what makes it taste so good to her.
Worth noting
The word "decided" shows it is her feeling about the moment, not a judgement of the cooking.
The last lesson
Narrative · 232 words · 5 questions
The last lesson
Mr Fernandes had taught mathematics at St Joseph's for thirty-six years, and on his last day he taught the same lesson he taught every Friday: a problem on the board, and forty minutes to solve it.
The students had planned a . There was a card with everyone's names, a cake in the and a speech that Rhea had rewritten six times. But Mr Fernandes walked in, nodded at the class, and began writing numbers on the board as if it were any other Friday.
Rhea looked at the others. Nobody quite knew what to do. So they did what they always did: they opened their notebooks and started working.
The problem was harder than usual. For twenty minutes the only sound was on the board and pencils on paper. Then, one by one, the students began to see it. Rhea saw it last, and when she did, she looked up and found Mr Fernandes watching her, the way he always did, waiting for that exact moment.
When the bell rang, he put the chalk down.
"Every Friday for thirty-six years," he said, "I have watched somebody understand something they did not understand at the start of the lesson. It is the best thing I know." He paused. "I wanted to see it one more time."
Rhea never gave her speech. Nobody in the room thought it was needed.
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Words in this passage (3)
farewell
an act of saying goodbye
chalk
a soft white stick used for writing on a blackboard
The mood of the story's ending is best described as
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AnswerA · quiet and moving
The ending is calm: chalk put down, a short speech about what mattered to him, and a room that understands.
The feeling is gentle and deeply felt rather than loud.
Worth noting
There is no cake-and-celebration scene; the farewell happens quietly in the lesson.
The scholarship form
Narrative · 236 words · 5 questions
The scholarship form
The form had lain on the kitchen shelf for nine days, under the tea tin. Kavya could see its corner from where she sat.
It was for a at a college in Pune, three hundred kilometres away. Her teacher had filled in the parts she could and written, in the , "You must apply. Last date 30th." Today was the 28th.
Her father's shop had done badly since the new supermarket opened on the highway. Her mother now stitched blouses in the evenings, and Kavya did the for the shop after school, because she was better with numbers than anyone else in the house. If she went to Pune, who would do them?
She had not told her parents about the form. She had told herself it was because there was no point. Now she was not so sure. Perhaps she had not told them because she was afraid of what they would say. Or perhaps because she was afraid they would say yes.
In the evening, her father came in, took down the tea tin, and the form slid to the floor. He picked it up and read it slowly, all of it, including the margin. Kavya held her breath.
He put it on the table in front of her. Then he went to the drawer, took out a pen, and laid it beside the form.
"The accounts," he said, "I will learn."
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Words in this passage (3)
scholarship
money given to a student to help pay for their studies
Why does the writer have the father read the form "slowly, all of it, including the margin"?
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AnswerC · To build suspense, and to show that he reads the teacher's words urging Kavya to apply
Kavya "held her breath" while he read, which builds suspense.
The margin holds the teacher's note, "You must apply", so the father sees how strongly she was urged to go.
Worth noting
The detail matters because of what the margin says, not because the form is long.
The interview
Narrative · 249 words · 5 questions
The interview
There were six of them on the bench outside the office, and Divya was the only one without a file. She had her certificates in a plastic bag from a sweet shop.
When her name was called, three people sat behind a long table. The man in the middle asked the usual questions, and she gave the answers she had practised in front of the mirror. Then the woman on the left, who had said nothing so far, put down her pen.
"Tell us about a time you failed."
Divya had not practised this. The honest answer came into her head before she could stop it: her first attempt at the bank exam, when she had studied every night for six months and missed the by two marks.
She could have something small and safe. Instead, she told them the truth: the six months, the two marks, the week she spent not speaking to anyone. Then she told them what came after. She had gone through the paper question by question and found that she had lost nine marks to errors. So she had practised checking her work until it became a habit.
"Did you pass the second time?" asked the woman.
"I have not taken it a second time," said Divya. "I am taking it in March."
There was a silence. Divya was sure she had ruined everything.
The woman picked up her pen again, and for the first time that morning, she smiled.
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Words in this passage (4)
laminated
covered in a thin layer of clear plastic for protection
invent
to make up a story that is not true
cut-off
the lowest mark needed to pass or be selected
careless
not paying enough attention, so that mistakes happen
What does the woman's smile at the end most likely suggest?
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AnswerC · She valued Divya's honesty and how she learnt from failure
The woman asked the hard question, heard an honest answer about learning from failure, and "for the first time that morning, she smiled".
That suggests she was impressed.
Worth noting
The story gives no sign that the answer was funny.
The map
Narrative · 262 words · 5 questions
The map
When the team came to Belpada, they needed someone who knew every lane, well and field . The headman sent them Tulsi, who was fourteen and had delivered milk to every house since she was eight.
For three days she walked ahead of the young officer with his tablet and his GPS. She knew which lane flooded in August, and which well had gone salty after the cyclone. She knew that the old banyan was a boundary, though no paper said so, because two families had agreed it in her grandfather's time.
On the fourth day the officer showed her the map on his screen. There was her village, drawn in neat lines and labelled in English: roads, houses, plots.
Tulsi looked at it for a long time.
"Where is the banyan?" she asked.
"Trees are not on the map," he said. "Only boundaries."
"The banyan is a boundary."
He frowned, and checked his papers. Then he looked at her. It was a long look, as if he had not properly seen her until then. He opened a new on the tablet and asked her to show him again, slowly, every place that the paper did not know.
It took the rest of the week. When the final map came, the banyan was on it, a small green circle with a name in English beside it that Tulsi could not read. Her grandfather could, a little. He it with his finger and said it was the first time the village had been written down the way it really was.
Written for EduFarming
Words in this passage (4)
survey
a careful measuring and recording of land
boundary
a line that marks the edge of an area
layer
on a computer map or picture, one level of information laid over another
trace
to follow a line or shape with your finger or a pen
What is the significance of the grandfather's words at the end?
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AnswerA · The map now records the village as the people who live there know it
He says it was "the first time the village had been written down the way it really was".
Because of Tulsi, the map now includes what only the villagers knew.
Worth noting
Reading English "a little" is how he can read the label; it is not the point of his words.
NTA's English syllabus is one page. It names two skill areas: Reading Comprehension, with three kinds of passage of at most 300 words each (factual, narrative and literary), and Verbal Ability, with four item types (rearranging the parts, match the following, choosing the correct word, synonyms and antonyms). It says the questions are not limited to these, and prints no chapters and no split of the 50 questions. So the chapters here are ours. Reading is split by the kind of passage, because a poem is not read the way a report is. Verbal Ability is split into three areas of our own: Vocabulary, Sentence & paragraph order, and Grammar & usage. Where a chapter covers something past NTA's short list, it says so, and it is there because the papers since 2022 have asked it.