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Conditional Probability & Bayes' Theorem · Question 21 of 125

Question 21

MediumOriginal question

Read the two statements and choose the correct option.

I. P(A∣B)≥P(A∩B)P(A \mid B) \ge P(A \cap B) whenever P(B)>0P(B) > 0.

II. If P(A)>0P(A) > 0, P(B)>0P(B) > 0 and P(A∣B)=P(A)P(A \mid B) = P(A), then P(B∣A)=P(B)P(B \mid A) = P(B).

Options for question 21

Show the answer and explanation
CorrectNot quiteAnswer C

Correct answer: C

Explanation

  1. I: P(A∣B)=P(A∩B)P(B)P(A \mid B) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(B)}, and dividing by P(B)≤1P(B) \le 1 cannot make a number smaller. True.

  2. II: P(A∣B)=P(A)P(A \mid B) = P(A) gives P(A∩B)=P(A) P(B)P(A \cap B) = P(A)\,P(B); dividing by P(A)P(A) gives P(B∣A)=P(B)P(B \mid A) = P(B). True.

Worth noting

If knowing BB leaves the chance of AA unchanged, then knowing AA leaves the chance of BB unchanged too.

Concept
Properties of conditional probability
Typical time
90 s
Your time
—
The rule this testsConditional probability
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Ten questions from Conditional Probability & Bayes' Theorem, at your own pace.

Practise this chapter →

Ten questions from Conditional Probability & Bayes' Theorem, at your own pace.